MBBS STUDENTS UNDER GRADUATES ..WITH USES PROPERTIE IMAGES......FOLEYS CATHETER MALECOTS CATHETER ARTERY FORCEPS SMALL MEDIUM LARGE RETRACTOR KELLYS SURGERY SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS MBBS STUDENTS UNDERGRADUATES SUTURE MATERIALS MAYOS SCISSORS MBBS STUDENTS UNDER GRADUATES .......LISTERS SINUS FORCEPS....RIGHT ANGLED FORCEPS....KOCHERS CLAMP...suture material suture removal Jolls thyroid retractor .....WITH USES PROPERTIE IMAGES......FOLEYS CATHETER MALECOTS CATHETER ARTERY FORCEPS SMALL MEDIUM LARGE RETRACTOR KELLYS SURGERY SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS MBBS STUDENTS UNDERGRADUATES SUTURE MATERIALS MAYOS SCISSORS ..FOLEYS CATHETER ....3 WAY 2WAY RYLES TUBE.........HILTONS METHOD ..ALLIS .... MOSQUITO . LANES FORCEPS ....Lanes twin anastomosis clamp......MALECOTS CATHETER.. ARTERY FORCEPS..... SMALL MEDIUM LARGE ......RETRACTOR ....KELLYS ....SURGERY SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS MBBS STUDENTS UNDERGRADUATES..... SUTURE MATERIALS.... MAYOS SCISSORS
...........................MBBS STUDENTS UNDER GRADUATES ..COMPARISON WITH IMAGES NOTES FROM LECTURE CLASSES.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
An epigastric hernia is where fat pushes out through a weakness in the wall of your abdomen between your umbilicus (belly button) and sternum and forms a lump
This topic is been added in the new edition ( 26th ) of Bailey & Love. This topic covers the types, uses and also the principles of removal of a drain. Every MBBS student should be aware of drains & its uses in surgery.
OPEN INGUINAL HERNIA REPAIR- OPERATIVE SURGERY
#surgicaleducator #operativesurgery #openinguinalherniarepair #usmle #babysurgeon #surgicaltutor
Dear viewers,
• Greetings from “Surgical Educator”
• Because of the popular demand by viewers of the YouTube channel “Surgical Educator”, I have decided to create and upload videos on common surgeries.
• I have already uploaded videos on open and Laparoscopic Appendicectomy, Thyroidectomy, Modified Radical Mastectomy and open and
Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy
• In this video today, I have discussed Open Inguinal Hernia Repair.
• However, these videos are not real surgeries but the theoretical aspect of operative surgery like going through an atlas of operative surgery.
• Along with these videos, I recommend you to watch real operative surgery videos as well and I will give a link for each surgery in the end of the video as end-cards, which I think will be very useful.
• This will give a very good opportunity for the surgical trainees to mentally rehearse various surgical steps in a sequential manner prior to actual surgery. You can watch the video in the following links:
• surgicaleducator.blogspot.com
• youtube.com/c/surgicaleducator
• Thank you for watching the videos.
HEMORRHOIDECTOMY- OPERATIVE SURGERY
#surgicaleducator #operativesurgery #hemorrhoidectomy #usmle #babysurgeon #surgicaltutor
Subscription Link: http://youtube.com/c/surgicaleducator...
Surgical Educator Android App link: https://play.google.com/store/apps/de...
Dear viewers,
• Greetings from “Surgical Educator”
• Because of the popular demand by viewers of the YouTube channel “Surgical Educator”, I have decided to create and upload videos on common surgeries.
• In this video today, I have discussed Hemorrhoidectomy- Barron’s banding, open and closed hemorrhoidectomy, Stapler hemorrhoidectomy and THD- Transanal Hemorroidal Dearterialisation. So, it is a 4in1 video.
• However, these videos are not real surgeries but the theoretical aspect of operative surgery like going through an atlas of operative surgery.
• Along with these videos, I recommend you watch real operative surgery videos as well and I will give a link for each surgery in the end of the video as end-cards, which I think will be very useful.
• This will give a very good opportunity for the surgical trainees to mentally rehearse various surgical steps in a sequential manner prior to actual surgery. You can watch the video in the following links:
• surgicaleducator.blogspot.com
• youtube.com/c/surgicaleducator
• Thank you for watching the videos.
Suture Materials and Suturing Techniques - Presented by Dr. Prasanjit Das and group as a part of Dhaka Dental College, OMS Department weekly presentation program.
DIGITAL RECTAL EXAMINATION- Skill Lab- OSCE
#digitalrectalexamination #surgicaleducator #babysurgeon #skilllab #osce
Subscription Link: http://youtube.com/c/surgicaleducator...
Surgical Educator Android App link: https://play.google.com/store/apps/de...
Dear viewers,
• Greetings from “Surgical Educator”
• Today I am uploading one more video on Skill Lab procedure for your OSCE exam.
• In this episode, I am talking about the DRE- Digital Rectal Examination , the skill which should be mastered by all medical students.
• I hope you can master the skill by watching this video and can do all the steps in the correct sequence.
• You can enjoy all my videos in the following link:
• youtube.com/c/surgicaleducator
• Thank you for watching the video.
LAPAROSCOPIC CHOLECYSTECTOMY- OPERATIVE SURGERY
#surgicaleducator #operativesurgery #laparoscopiccholecystectomy #usmle #babysurgeon #surgicaltutor
Dear viewers,
• Greetings from “Surgical Educator”
• Because of the popular demand by viewers of the YouTube channel “Surgical Educator”, I have decided to create and upload videos on common surgeries.
• I have already uploaded videos on open and Laparoscopic Appendicectomy, Thyroidectomy, Modified Radical Mastectomy and Open Cholecystectomy.
• In this video today, I have discussed Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy- the flagship procedure for laparoscopic surgeries.
• However, these videos are not real surgeries but the theoretical aspect of operative surgery like going through an atlas of operative surgery.
• Along with these videos, I recommend you to watch real operative surgery videos as well and the links are:
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VStEzI1jL8Y
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O8j4kwpzd24
• This will give a very good opportunity for the surgical trainees to mentally rehearse various surgical steps in a sequential manner prior to actual surgery. You can watch the video in the following links:
• surgicaleducator.blogspot.com
• youtube.com/c/surgicaleducator
An epigastric hernia is where fat pushes out through a weakness in the wall of your abdomen between your umbilicus (belly button) and sternum and forms a lump
This topic is been added in the new edition ( 26th ) of Bailey & Love. This topic covers the types, uses and also the principles of removal of a drain. Every MBBS student should be aware of drains & its uses in surgery.
OPEN INGUINAL HERNIA REPAIR- OPERATIVE SURGERY
#surgicaleducator #operativesurgery #openinguinalherniarepair #usmle #babysurgeon #surgicaltutor
Dear viewers,
• Greetings from “Surgical Educator”
• Because of the popular demand by viewers of the YouTube channel “Surgical Educator”, I have decided to create and upload videos on common surgeries.
• I have already uploaded videos on open and Laparoscopic Appendicectomy, Thyroidectomy, Modified Radical Mastectomy and open and
Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy
• In this video today, I have discussed Open Inguinal Hernia Repair.
• However, these videos are not real surgeries but the theoretical aspect of operative surgery like going through an atlas of operative surgery.
• Along with these videos, I recommend you to watch real operative surgery videos as well and I will give a link for each surgery in the end of the video as end-cards, which I think will be very useful.
• This will give a very good opportunity for the surgical trainees to mentally rehearse various surgical steps in a sequential manner prior to actual surgery. You can watch the video in the following links:
• surgicaleducator.blogspot.com
• youtube.com/c/surgicaleducator
• Thank you for watching the videos.
HEMORRHOIDECTOMY- OPERATIVE SURGERY
#surgicaleducator #operativesurgery #hemorrhoidectomy #usmle #babysurgeon #surgicaltutor
Subscription Link: http://youtube.com/c/surgicaleducator...
Surgical Educator Android App link: https://play.google.com/store/apps/de...
Dear viewers,
• Greetings from “Surgical Educator”
• Because of the popular demand by viewers of the YouTube channel “Surgical Educator”, I have decided to create and upload videos on common surgeries.
• In this video today, I have discussed Hemorrhoidectomy- Barron’s banding, open and closed hemorrhoidectomy, Stapler hemorrhoidectomy and THD- Transanal Hemorroidal Dearterialisation. So, it is a 4in1 video.
• However, these videos are not real surgeries but the theoretical aspect of operative surgery like going through an atlas of operative surgery.
• Along with these videos, I recommend you watch real operative surgery videos as well and I will give a link for each surgery in the end of the video as end-cards, which I think will be very useful.
• This will give a very good opportunity for the surgical trainees to mentally rehearse various surgical steps in a sequential manner prior to actual surgery. You can watch the video in the following links:
• surgicaleducator.blogspot.com
• youtube.com/c/surgicaleducator
• Thank you for watching the videos.
Suture Materials and Suturing Techniques - Presented by Dr. Prasanjit Das and group as a part of Dhaka Dental College, OMS Department weekly presentation program.
DIGITAL RECTAL EXAMINATION- Skill Lab- OSCE
#digitalrectalexamination #surgicaleducator #babysurgeon #skilllab #osce
Subscription Link: http://youtube.com/c/surgicaleducator...
Surgical Educator Android App link: https://play.google.com/store/apps/de...
Dear viewers,
• Greetings from “Surgical Educator”
• Today I am uploading one more video on Skill Lab procedure for your OSCE exam.
• In this episode, I am talking about the DRE- Digital Rectal Examination , the skill which should be mastered by all medical students.
• I hope you can master the skill by watching this video and can do all the steps in the correct sequence.
• You can enjoy all my videos in the following link:
• youtube.com/c/surgicaleducator
• Thank you for watching the video.
LAPAROSCOPIC CHOLECYSTECTOMY- OPERATIVE SURGERY
#surgicaleducator #operativesurgery #laparoscopiccholecystectomy #usmle #babysurgeon #surgicaltutor
Dear viewers,
• Greetings from “Surgical Educator”
• Because of the popular demand by viewers of the YouTube channel “Surgical Educator”, I have decided to create and upload videos on common surgeries.
• I have already uploaded videos on open and Laparoscopic Appendicectomy, Thyroidectomy, Modified Radical Mastectomy and Open Cholecystectomy.
• In this video today, I have discussed Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy- the flagship procedure for laparoscopic surgeries.
• However, these videos are not real surgeries but the theoretical aspect of operative surgery like going through an atlas of operative surgery.
• Along with these videos, I recommend you to watch real operative surgery videos as well and the links are:
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VStEzI1jL8Y
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O8j4kwpzd24
• This will give a very good opportunity for the surgical trainees to mentally rehearse various surgical steps in a sequential manner prior to actual surgery. You can watch the video in the following links:
• surgicaleducator.blogspot.com
• youtube.com/c/surgicaleducator
Instruments orthopaedics for mbbs studentsTONY SCARIA
plates
screws
cortical
cancellous
shanz pin plates
screws
cortical
cancellous
shanz pin
derhums pin
k wire
k nail
Radius square nail
DCP
dynamic hip screw
ulna square nail
prosthesis
derhums pin
k wire
k nail
SLOFT (Submucosal Ligation Of Fistula Tract) is new minimally invasive method to treat fistula in ano. It is closure of internal opening, It is modification of LIFT with more simplicity, reproducibility and no limitations of those of LIFT
MANAGEMENT OF ATRIOVENTRICULAR CONDUCTION BLOCK.pdfJim Jacob Roy
Cardiac conduction defects can occur due to various causes.
Atrioventricular conduction blocks ( AV blocks ) are classified into 3 types.
This document describes the acute management of AV block.
Prix Galien International 2024 Forum ProgramLevi Shapiro
June 20, 2024, Prix Galien International and Jerusalem Ethics Forum in ROME. Detailed agenda including panels:
- ADVANCES IN CARDIOLOGY: A NEW PARADIGM IS COMING
- WOMEN’S HEALTH: FERTILITY PRESERVATION
- WHAT’S NEW IN THE TREATMENT OF INFECTIOUS,
ONCOLOGICAL AND INFLAMMATORY SKIN DISEASES?
- ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND ETHICS
- GENE THERAPY
- BEYOND BORDERS: GLOBAL INITIATIVES FOR DEMOCRATIZING LIFE SCIENCE TECHNOLOGIES AND PROMOTING ACCESS TO HEALTHCARE
- ETHICAL CHALLENGES IN LIFE SCIENCES
- Prix Galien International Awards Ceremony
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN HEALTHCARE.pdfAnujkumaranit
Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, especially computer systems. It encompasses tasks such as learning, reasoning, problem-solving, perception, and language understanding. AI technologies are revolutionizing various fields, from healthcare to finance, by enabling machines to perform tasks that typically require human intelligence.
micro teaching on communication m.sc nursing.pdfAnurag Sharma
Microteaching is a unique model of practice teaching. It is a viable instrument for the. desired change in the teaching behavior or the behavior potential which, in specified types of real. classroom situations, tends to facilitate the achievement of specified types of objectives.
Report Back from SGO 2024: What’s the Latest in Cervical Cancer?bkling
Are you curious about what’s new in cervical cancer research or unsure what the findings mean? Join Dr. Emily Ko, a gynecologic oncologist at Penn Medicine, to learn about the latest updates from the Society of Gynecologic Oncology (SGO) 2024 Annual Meeting on Women’s Cancer. Dr. Ko will discuss what the research presented at the conference means for you and answer your questions about the new developments.
Explore natural remedies for syphilis treatment in Singapore. Discover alternative therapies, herbal remedies, and lifestyle changes that may complement conventional treatments. Learn about holistic approaches to managing syphilis symptoms and supporting overall health.
Ozempic: Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Saeid Safari
Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists like Ozempic and Semiglutide
ASA GUIDELINE
NYSORA Guideline
2 Case Reports of Gastric Ultrasound
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Title: Sense of Smell
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the primary categories of smells and the concept of odor blindness.
Explain the structure and location of the olfactory membrane and mucosa, including the types and roles of cells involved in olfaction.
Describe the pathway and mechanisms of olfactory signal transmission from the olfactory receptors to the brain.
Illustrate the biochemical cascade triggered by odorant binding to olfactory receptors, including the role of G-proteins and second messengers in generating an action potential.
Identify different types of olfactory disorders such as anosmia, hyposmia, hyperosmia, and dysosmia, including their potential causes.
Key Topics:
Olfactory Genes:
3% of the human genome accounts for olfactory genes.
400 genes for odorant receptors.
Olfactory Membrane:
Located in the superior part of the nasal cavity.
Medially: Folds downward along the superior septum.
Laterally: Folds over the superior turbinate and upper surface of the middle turbinate.
Total surface area: 5-10 square centimeters.
Olfactory Mucosa:
Olfactory Cells: Bipolar nerve cells derived from the CNS (100 million), with 4-25 olfactory cilia per cell.
Sustentacular Cells: Produce mucus and maintain ionic and molecular environment.
Basal Cells: Replace worn-out olfactory cells with an average lifespan of 1-2 months.
Bowman’s Gland: Secretes mucus.
Stimulation of Olfactory Cells:
Odorant dissolves in mucus and attaches to receptors on olfactory cilia.
Involves a cascade effect through G-proteins and second messengers, leading to depolarization and action potential generation in the olfactory nerve.
Quality of a Good Odorant:
Small (3-20 Carbon atoms), volatile, water-soluble, and lipid-soluble.
Facilitated by odorant-binding proteins in mucus.
Membrane Potential and Action Potential:
Resting membrane potential: -55mV.
Action potential frequency in the olfactory nerve increases with odorant strength.
Adaptation Towards the Sense of Smell:
Rapid adaptation within the first second, with further slow adaptation.
Psychological adaptation greater than receptor adaptation, involving feedback inhibition from the central nervous system.
Primary Sensations of Smell:
Camphoraceous, Musky, Floral, Pepperminty, Ethereal, Pungent, Putrid.
Odor Detection Threshold:
Examples: Hydrogen sulfide (0.0005 ppm), Methyl-mercaptan (0.002 ppm).
Some toxic substances are odorless at lethal concentrations.
Characteristics of Smell:
Odor blindness for single substances due to lack of appropriate receptor protein.
Behavioral and emotional influences of smell.
Transmission of Olfactory Signals:
From olfactory cells to glomeruli in the olfactory bulb, involving lateral inhibition.
Primitive, less old, and new olfactory systems with different path
The prostate is an exocrine gland of the male mammalian reproductive system
It is a walnut-sized gland that forms part of the male reproductive system and is located in front of the rectum and just below the urinary bladder
Function is to store and secrete a clear, slightly alkaline fluid that constitutes 10-30% of the volume of the seminal fluid that along with the spermatozoa, constitutes semen
A healthy human prostate measures (4cm-vertical, by 3cm-horizontal, 2cm ant-post ).
It surrounds the urethra just below the urinary bladder. It has anterior, median, posterior and two lateral lobes
It’s work is regulated by androgens which are responsible for male sex characteristics
Generalised disease of the prostate due to hormonal derangement which leads to non malignant enlargement of the gland (increase in the number of epithelial cells and stromal tissue)to cause compression of the urethra leading to symptoms (LUTS
17. Artery forceps / haemostat
•
•
•
Small mosquito / Halsted
Medium spencer well
Large bailey forceps
Suturing
Catch hold of bleeding ponts
Straight/curved
TONY 2010 MBBS
34. Cheatles forceps
• No lock
•
•
Heavy metallic with curved
uses
blades
• Used to pick sterilized instruments & drapes to avoid touching
• Transfering from one tray to another
• Kept in savlon
TONY 2010 MBBS
47. T tube use
• After exploration of the common bile duct, a T-tube may be inserted
into the duct which allows bile to drain
•
•
while the sphincter of Oddi
Once the sphincter relaxes,
and into the duodenum. To
is in spasm postoperatively.
bile drains normally down the bile duct
assist choleresis, it is often advisable
which•
•
to convert the
also facilitates
lumen of
removal
the limb of the T into a gutter,
TONY 2010 MBBS
48. Removal
• Kept for 7-10 days
Cholangiogram b4 removal•
• To see there is free
retained stones
flow of bile into the duodenum and that there are no
• Just pull to remove .
TONY 2010 MBBS
49. Cuffed endotracheal tube
To maintain airway
6.5-8.5 (size)
• Cuff
•
•
Px aspiration
To keep it in position
• Filled with air (not with NS as it may aspirate if
ruptures)
Uncuffed in paeds
In head injury (GCS <8)
•
•
TONY 2010 MBBS
50. Ryle's tube
105-110 cm
Dia 10 12 14 16
Barium / pb shots at tip radiopaque detect location
Blue line radio opaque
Multiple side holes } drainage
4 markings (dist in cm 4m upper incisor)
40 cm gastroesophageal jn
50 cm body of stomach
60 cm pyloric region
70 cm 1st part of duodenum
TONY 2010 MBBS
51. Ryles tube
• In
• Therapeutic
•
•
•
•
•
Feeding } comatosed pts
Aspiration } GOO intestional obstn,perforn
Saline load test } GOO
esophageal varices
Poisoning except acid poisoning
• Diagnostic
• Gastric fn test
Prohylactically in gastrectomy•
c/I
•
•
# of cribriform platemeningitis
TONY 2010 MBBS
55. 2 way Foleys catheter DRAINAGE PORT
.r::/
j_/�':...---INFLATABLE BALLOON
INSERT INTO
·.
URETHRAAND
INTO URINARY
BLADDER
) ANCHORS DEVICE
IN BLADDER··
TO
COLLECTION
DEVICE
FILL WITH-�
FLUID TO
INFLATE
BALLOON..
..,balloon•size
in French
scale
and milimeters .
bladder opening i
port····- urine
drainagei balloon portvolume of fluid recommended 10 infla1e balloon
mai1<ed
TONY 2010 MBBS
56. • Use 5 ml distilled water (NS will crystallise) for inflating balloon
TONY 2010 MBBS
57. 2 way Foleys catheter
• Uses
• Urological
•
•
•
•
•
Continous bladder drainage
Supra pubic drainage
Measure urine output
Urinary tract injury hematuria
Intravesical chemotherapy bladder ca
• Nonurological
• EASI
• Posterior epistaxis
• c/I
• Rupture of urethra(blood at the tip of meatus)
TONY 2010 MBBS
58. 3 way foleys catheter
• In hematuria
• Continous bladder irrigation to prevent
of urine
formation of clots blocking drainage
• Postoperative irrigation of bladder as In
•
•
TURP
Prostactic Sx
TONY 2010 MBBS
61. Malecot’s self retaining catheter
•
•
Indian red rubber (dermatitis )
Used in suprapubic cystotomy
•
•
Also in tube thoracostomy
In operative drainage of peritoneal cavity
TONY 2010 MBBS
75. Suture Materials
• Criteria
– Tensile strength
– Good knot security
– Workability in handling
– Low tissue reactivity
– Ability to resist bacterial infection
76. Types of Sutures
• Absorbable or non-absorbable (natural or synthetic)
• Monofilament or multifilament (braided)
• Dyed or undyed
• Sizes 3 to 12-0 (numbers alone indicate progressively
larger sutures, whereas numbers followed by 0 indicate
progressively smaller)
77. Non-absorbable
• Not biodegradable
and permanent
– Nylon
– Prolene
– Stainless steel
– Silk (natural, can
break down over
years)
• Degraded via
inflammatory
response
– Vicryl
– Monocryl
– PDS
– Chromic
– Cat gut (natural)
Absorbable
78. Natural Suture
• Biological
• Cause inflammatory
reaction
– Catgut (connective
from cow or sheep)
– Silk (from silkworm
fibers)
– Chromic catgut
Synthetic
• Synthetic polymers
• Do not cause
inflammatory response
– Nylon
– Vicryl
– Monocryl
– PDS
– Prolene
79. Monofilament
• Single strand of suture
material
• Minimal tissue trauma
• Smooth tying but more
knots needed
• Harder to handle due to
memory
• Examples: nylon, monocryl,
prolene, PDS
Multifilament (braided)
• Fibers are braided or
twisted together
• More tissue resistance
• Easier to handle
• Fewer knots needed
• Examples: vicryl, silk,
chromic
84. • Round-bodied needles
• gradually taper to a point, while triangular needles have
all three sides.
intestinal and cardiovascular surgery
Separate not to cut
cutting edges along
•
•
• Conventional cutting
• cutting edge facing the inside of the needle’s curvature,
• tough or dense tissue needs to be sutured, such as skin and fascia
reversed cutting
• cutting edge is on the outside
•
TONY 2010 MBBS
87. • Reverse Cutting
– Cutting edge on outside
of circle
– Skin
– Less traumatic than
cutting
88. Technique
The needle should be grasped in the tip of
the needle holder about 2/3 of the way
back from the point.
Grasping further back at the swaged end
tends to weaken the needle and its
attachment to the suture, and you are likely
to bend the needle.
TONY 2010 MBBS
89. • Hand-held straight needles
• skin, although today it is advocated that
reduce the risk of needle-stick injuries.
Half circle needles
• the gastrointestinal tract,
J-shaped needles
• vagina
quarter circle needles
• eye
compound curvature needles
• oral cavity,
needle holders should be used in all cases to
•
•
•
•
TONY 2010 MBBS
105. Proctoscope / kellys rectal speculum
• In
• Diagnostic
•
•
•
Piles / haemorrhoids } bulge in to cavity on retraction
Polyp
Ca anal canal / lower rectum
• Therapeutic
•
•
•
Injn of sclerosant
Excision of polyp
Drainage of abscess
• C/I
• In a/c fissure in ano } severe pain
TONY 2010 MBBS
106. Guedel airway
• Prevent tongue from falling backwards
• Opening } aspiration
TONY 2010 MBBS
109. Circular stapler
• End to end Intestinal anastomosis
Stapler haemorrhoidopexy
as in lower anterior resection
•
• 3rd 4th/ degree haemorrhoids
TONY 2010 MBBS