This document provides an overview of immunogenetics and immune disorders. It discusses the organization of the immune system, including innate and adaptive immunity. It describes the roles of natural killer cells, defense proteins, B and T cells, memory cells, macrophages, complement proteins, cytokines, and immunoglobulins. The document examines the structure and genetics of antibody formation, class switching, and diseases associated with antibody- and T cell-mediated responses. It also discusses HLA-associated diseases and immunodeficiency disorders. The overall goal is to help students understand the immune system and immune-related disorders.

1. Immunogenetics
MDS
30-12-14

2. Learning Objectives
• By the end of this lecture……….we all should
be able:
– To appreciate the organization of immune system
– Understand the disorders related to immune
system
– Explain the underlying mechanisms of immune
disorders

4. Role of immune system and their
applications

5. Innate and Adaptive imunity

6. Natural Killer Cells

7. Defense Proteins

9. Primary and Secondary Response

10. B and T Cells

11. Memory Cells

12. Macrophage development

13. Complement Proteins

14. Cytokines

15. Cytokines

16. Immunoglobulins
• Papaine splits the immunoglobulin
molecule into three fragments.
– Two similar, each containing an
antibody site capable of combining
with a specific antigen antigen-
binding fragment or Fab
– The Crystallizable fragment Fc
The immunoglobulin molecule is made up of four polypeptide
chains:
•Two light(L) 220 AA
•Two heavy (H) 440 AA
Each Fab fragment is composed of L chains linked to the amino-terminal portion
of the H chains,
Fc fragment is composed only of the carboxv-terminal portion of the H chain

17. Immunoglobulins

18. Immunoglobulins

19. A Closer look at structure

20. Formation of Antibody Structure

21. Genetics of antibody formation
Basis of Diversity

22. Genetics of Antibody formation
A closer look

23. Class switching

24. Antibody mediated diseases

25. Immune complex diseases

26. T Cell Mediated Diseases

27. HLA Associated Diseases
Locus of genes that encode for proteins on the surface of cells that are responsible for
regulation of the immune system in humans.

28. Deficiency Diseases

29. Thank you!