The document discusses how the human brain learns and processes language. It describes that language is a code that the brain cracks by relating symbols like letters and words to meanings. The left hemisphere of the brain contains areas like Broca's and Wernicke's areas that allow understanding, recognizing, reading, and speaking language patterns. While the right hemisphere controls the left side of the body, the left hemisphere controls the right side and is also dominant for language in most people. Younger students tend to excel at pronunciation in a second language, while older students are faster initial learners due to more background knowledge and learning skills.

1. Human Brain and Language
Learning
Collected by:
Ahmed Hosny

2. How Your Brain Learns a Language:
• In its most simple form, language is a code
that consists of symbols that can be
connected to letters, words and phrases.
• Your brain allows you to crack that code and
relate each of the words, letters and phrases
to a specific meaning.

3. • You learn the sounds that form the words
and put those words in a sequence that the
listener will understand.
• The brain tells your tongue, mouth and voice
box to work on a millisecond-by-millisecond
basis, which allows you to speak.

4. Your Language Control Center
• The left hemisphere of the brain
contains parts of the parietal lobe,
temporal lobe and the occipital lobe,
which make up your language control
center.

5. • In these lobes, two regions known as
the Wernicke’s area and the Broca’s area
allow you to understand and recognize,
read and speak language patterns
including the ability to learn foreign
languages.

7. The Structure of the human brain:
• In all humans, the right hemisphere controls
the left side of the body; the left hemisphere
controls the right side of the body.
• This arrangement is called contralateral neural
control which is not only limited to humans
but also present in all vertebrates.

8. • Another crucial feature of brain physiology is
that each hemisphere has somewhat unique
functions.
• In other words, hemisphere function
is asymmetrical.

9. V.I.P
• This is most strikingly the case in humans, where
the right hemisphere in addition to controlling
the left side of the body it also controls spatial
acuity.
• The left hemisphere in addition to controlling
the right side of the body it controls abstract
reasoning and physical tasks which require a
step-by-step progression.

10. • It is important to note that in adults, the left
hemisphere also controls language; even in
most left-handed patients, lateralization of
language skills in the left hemisphere is
completed by the age of puberty.

11. Implications of Neuroscience for Educational Reform:
• the fact remains that the most difficult task for
children and adults alike may be the attempt to
acquire second language proficiency in academic
environments.
• However, it has been shown that younger students
excel in long-term L2 achievement, especially in
pronunciation.

12. • The tendency for the brain to consider the
entire experience and to search for
meaningful patterns calls for thematic,
content-based interdisciplinary language
instruction at all levels.

13. • Older students typically excel in their initial rate
of L2 learning since input is more
comprehensible for them due to their extensive
background knowledge and advanced learning
skills they have already acquired and are
prepared to apply.

14. • they are faster acquirers as well as faster
learners, and because of this they have a
greater ability to consciously learn grammar
rules, and due to their past experiences,
more easily make connections with
vocabulary between L1 and L2.