This document discusses the basics of computer hardware and software. It defines hardware as the physical parts of a computer like the keyboard, monitor, chips, and data. Software is defined as programs and data that allow hardware to function through a series of instructions. The document outlines that computers require both hardware and software to work, as each is useless without the other. It provides examples of common internal hardware components like the CPU, memory, and hard drive, and external components like keyboards, monitors, and printers. Input and output devices are described as how information flows between the user and computer. The document also defines operating systems, application software, and utility software and their different functions for running and maintaining a computer.

2. SCH.NO.5364

3. Hardware and
Software Basics

4. 4
Hardware and Software
• Hardware
– the physical, tangible parts of a computer
– keyboard, monitor, wires, chips, data
• Software
– programs and data
– a program is a series of instructions
• A computer requires both hardware and software
• Each is essentially useless without the other

5. Technology in Your Life
Introducing Your Computer
Your computer may use hardware like the
components shown here.
Hardware Basics

6. Technology in Your Life
Hardware can be inside or
outside the computer:
The CPU and hard drive are
inside the computer.
The keyboard, monitor, and
printer are outside the
computer and must be
connected by cables.
Hardware Basics

7. • System Unit: Motherboard,
CPU (Central Processing
Unit), Memory
• Hard disk
• Floppy disk drive
• CD drive/DVD drive
• Power supply unit

8. Technology in Your Life
Introducing Your Computer
What Are Input and Output Devices?
Information flows between you and your
computer through input and output devices.
Examples of input devices are:
 keyboard
 mouse
 scanner
 digital camera
 joystick
Examples of output devices are:
 monitor
 printer
 speakers
input
Information
that is
entered into
a computer.
output
Information
that a
computer
produces
and delivers
back to the
user.
Hardware Basics

9. Hardware
Memory
CPU
Input
Devices
Output
Devices

10. Technology in Your Life
Introducing Your Computer
Software is the set of instructions that lets you “talk” to your
computer. Software translates commands
into bits and bytes. Different types of
software have different functions:
 Operating system (OS) software -
makes your computer work
 Application software - lets you do
different tasks on your computer
 Utility software - helps you maintain your
computer and keep it in good running
condition
SOFTWARE
A set of
instructions, also
called a program or
application, that
tells a computer
how to perform
tasks.
OPERATING
SYSTEM (OS)
Software that
controls all the
other software
programs and
allows a computer
to perform basic
tasks.
Software Basics

11. System
Software
Application
Software
Software

12. Copyright © 2000 by Brooks/Cole Publishing Company
A division of International Thomson Publishing Inc.

13. Computer Software Relationships
User
Interface
Basic Input and Output Services (BIOS)
• needed for a computer to boot up
User Interface Operating System
User Interface Application Programs
Computer Hardware

14. Summary