A business plan is a written document that describes in detail how a business—usually a startup—defines its objectives and how it is to go about achieving its goals. A business plan lays out a written roadmap for the firm from marketing, financial, and operational standpoints.
Business plans are important documents used to attract investment before a company has established a proven track record. They are also a good way for companies to keep themselves on target going forward.
Although they're especially useful for new businesses, every company should have a business plan. Ideally, the plan is reviewed and updated periodically to see if goals have been met or have changed and evolved. Sometimes, a new business plan is created for an established business that has decided to move in a new direction.
Before you start writing your poultry farming business plan, spend as much time as you can to reading through some samples of a farm and food production business plans. Not only will that give you a good idea of what it is you’re aiming for, but it will also show you the different sections that different entrepreneurs include and the language they use to write about themselves and their future plans.
We have created a sample poultry farming business plan example for you to get a good idea about how a perfect poultry farming business plan should look like and what details you should include in your business plan.
Source: https://upmetrics.co/template/poultry-farming-business-plan-example
Before you start writing your poultry farming business plan, spend as much time as you can to reading through some samples of a farm and food production business plans. Not only will that give you a good idea of what it is you’re aiming for, but it will also show you the different sections that different entrepreneurs include and the language they use to write about themselves and their future plans.
We have created a sample poultry farming business plan example for you to get a good idea about how a perfect poultry farming business plan should look like and what details you should include in your business plan.
Source: https://upmetrics.co/template/poultry-farming-business-plan-example
Layer Poultry Farming Business. Start a Layer Chicken Farming Business for Egg Production
Layer poultry farming means raising egg laying poultry birds for the purpose of commercial egg production. Layer chickens are such a special species of hens, which need to be raised from when they are one day old. They start laying eggs commercially from 18-19 weeks of age. They remain laying eggs continuously till their 72-78 weeks of age. They can produce about one kg of eggs by consuming about 2.25 kg of food during their egg laying period.
Poultry layer farming is gaining popularity in India due to its lower production cost and growing demand of eggs. India ranks third in the world by producing 3.8 billion kilograms in shell. Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Haryana, Maharashtra and Punjab are the leading egg producing states in India in the same order. There is a rise in egg production in India owing to the growth in human consumption and lower production costs. Poultry layer farming is given a lot of importance in the national policy owing to which there is a lot of scope of improvement and development.
See more
https://goo.gl/KE4Cpo
https://goo.gl/3SAzGN
Contact us:
Niir Project Consultancy Services
An ISO 9001:2015 Company
106-E, Kamla Nagar, Opp. Spark Mall,
New Delhi-110007, India.
Email: npcs.ei@gmail.com , info@entrepreneurindia.co
Tel: +91-11-23843955, 23845654, 23845886, 8800733955
Mobile: +91-9811043595
Website: www.entrepreneurindia.co , www.niir.org
Tags
Layer Poultry Farming, Layer Poultry Farming for Beginners, Layer Farming Project Report for Beginners, Layer Farming Project of Commercial Poultry Farming Business, Egg Poultry Farm, Commercial Egg Production, Layer Poultry Farming in India, Layer Farming Project, Poultry Egg and Meat, Poultry Farming, How Can I Start a Poultry Farm? Layer Poultry Farming Project Cost, How to Start Layer Poultry Farming in India, Egg Production, How to Rear Layers (Poultry), How to Start a Layer Farm for Egg Production, Starting Your own Poultry Farm, Breeding & Rearing Poultry, Keeping Egg Laying Birds (Layers), How to Start Layer Chicken Farming Business, Poultry Farm, Start a Chicken Farm Business, Poultry Farming in India, Potential Profitability of Poultry Farms, Layer Chicken Farming Business, Business Ideas for Layer Chicken Farming, How to Start an Egg Business, How to Set up a Profitable Poultry Farming Business, Layer Farming Business Plan, Poultry Farming Business Plan/Chicken Feasibility Study, Poultry Egg Farming Business Plan in India, Business Plan for Poultry Farm, Project Report on Layer Poultry Farming, Detailed Project Report on Layer Poultry Farming, Project Report on Layer Poultry Farming, Pre-Investment Feasibility Study on Layer Poultry Farming, Techno-Economic feasibility study on Layer Poultry Farming, Feasibility report on Layer Poultry Farming, Free Project Profile on Layer Poultry Farming, Project profile on Layer Poultry Farming
Before you start writing your cattle farm business plan, spend as much time as you can to reading through some samples of a farm and food production business plans. Not only will that give you a good idea of what it is you’re aiming for, but it will also show you the different sections that different entrepreneurs include and the language they use to write about themselves and their future plans.
We have created a sample cattle farm business plan example for you to get a good idea about how a perfect cattle farm business plan should look like and what details you should include in your business plan.
Source: https://upmetrics.co/template/cattle-farm-business-plan-example
Layer Poultry Farming Business Plan. Growing Industry for Starting a Business of Raising Chickens for Egg Production.
Layer poultry farming means for commercial egg production to raise egg-laying poultry birds. Layer chickens are such a special hen’s species that must be raised when they are one day old. They begin commercially laying eggs between the ages of 18-19 weeks. They continue to lay eggs till their age of 72-78 weeks. During their egg-laying time, they will produce about one kg of eggs by consuming about 2.25 kg of food. Note the different characteristics of cock and hen before breeding for the purpose of producing a hybrid egg sheet. There are different types of highly productive layer breeds of eggs available worldwide.
For More Details, Click Here:- https://www.entrepreneurindia.co/project-and-profile-details/Layer%20Poultry%20Farming
Contact us
Niir Project Consultancy Services
An ISO 9001:2015 Company
106-E, Kamla Nagar, Opp. Spark Mall,
New Delhi-110007, India.
Email: npcs.ei@gmail.com , info@entrepreneurindia.co
Tel: +91-11-23843955, 23845654, 23845886
Mobile: +91-9097075054, 8800733955
Website: www.entrepreneurindia.co , www.niir.org
Quails are smaller sized bird, so they can be raised within small place.
Quails grow very fast and gain maturity faster than any other poultry birds. Adult broiler quail weights around 210 gm at 4 weeks of age.
Layer Poultry Farming Business. Start a Layer Chicken Farming Business for Egg Production
Layer poultry farming means raising egg laying poultry birds for the purpose of commercial egg production. Layer chickens are such a special species of hens, which need to be raised from when they are one day old. They start laying eggs commercially from 18-19 weeks of age. They remain laying eggs continuously till their 72-78 weeks of age. They can produce about one kg of eggs by consuming about 2.25 kg of food during their egg laying period.
Poultry layer farming is gaining popularity in India due to its lower production cost and growing demand of eggs. India ranks third in the world by producing 3.8 billion kilograms in shell. Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Haryana, Maharashtra and Punjab are the leading egg producing states in India in the same order. There is a rise in egg production in India owing to the growth in human consumption and lower production costs. Poultry layer farming is given a lot of importance in the national policy owing to which there is a lot of scope of improvement and development.
See more
https://goo.gl/KE4Cpo
https://goo.gl/3SAzGN
Contact us:
Niir Project Consultancy Services
An ISO 9001:2015 Company
106-E, Kamla Nagar, Opp. Spark Mall,
New Delhi-110007, India.
Email: npcs.ei@gmail.com , info@entrepreneurindia.co
Tel: +91-11-23843955, 23845654, 23845886, 8800733955
Mobile: +91-9811043595
Website: www.entrepreneurindia.co , www.niir.org
Tags
Layer Poultry Farming, Layer Poultry Farming for Beginners, Layer Farming Project Report for Beginners, Layer Farming Project of Commercial Poultry Farming Business, Egg Poultry Farm, Commercial Egg Production, Layer Poultry Farming in India, Layer Farming Project, Poultry Egg and Meat, Poultry Farming, How Can I Start a Poultry Farm? Layer Poultry Farming Project Cost, How to Start Layer Poultry Farming in India, Egg Production, How to Rear Layers (Poultry), How to Start a Layer Farm for Egg Production, Starting Your own Poultry Farm, Breeding & Rearing Poultry, Keeping Egg Laying Birds (Layers), How to Start Layer Chicken Farming Business, Poultry Farm, Start a Chicken Farm Business, Poultry Farming in India, Potential Profitability of Poultry Farms, Layer Chicken Farming Business, Business Ideas for Layer Chicken Farming, How to Start an Egg Business, How to Set up a Profitable Poultry Farming Business, Layer Farming Business Plan, Poultry Farming Business Plan/Chicken Feasibility Study, Poultry Egg Farming Business Plan in India, Business Plan for Poultry Farm, Project Report on Layer Poultry Farming, Detailed Project Report on Layer Poultry Farming, Project Report on Layer Poultry Farming, Pre-Investment Feasibility Study on Layer Poultry Farming, Techno-Economic feasibility study on Layer Poultry Farming, Feasibility report on Layer Poultry Farming, Free Project Profile on Layer Poultry Farming, Project profile on Layer Poultry Farming
Before you start writing your cattle farm business plan, spend as much time as you can to reading through some samples of a farm and food production business plans. Not only will that give you a good idea of what it is you’re aiming for, but it will also show you the different sections that different entrepreneurs include and the language they use to write about themselves and their future plans.
We have created a sample cattle farm business plan example for you to get a good idea about how a perfect cattle farm business plan should look like and what details you should include in your business plan.
Source: https://upmetrics.co/template/cattle-farm-business-plan-example
Layer Poultry Farming Business Plan. Growing Industry for Starting a Business of Raising Chickens for Egg Production.
Layer poultry farming means for commercial egg production to raise egg-laying poultry birds. Layer chickens are such a special hen’s species that must be raised when they are one day old. They begin commercially laying eggs between the ages of 18-19 weeks. They continue to lay eggs till their age of 72-78 weeks. During their egg-laying time, they will produce about one kg of eggs by consuming about 2.25 kg of food. Note the different characteristics of cock and hen before breeding for the purpose of producing a hybrid egg sheet. There are different types of highly productive layer breeds of eggs available worldwide.
For More Details, Click Here:- https://www.entrepreneurindia.co/project-and-profile-details/Layer%20Poultry%20Farming
Contact us
Niir Project Consultancy Services
An ISO 9001:2015 Company
106-E, Kamla Nagar, Opp. Spark Mall,
New Delhi-110007, India.
Email: npcs.ei@gmail.com , info@entrepreneurindia.co
Tel: +91-11-23843955, 23845654, 23845886
Mobile: +91-9097075054, 8800733955
Website: www.entrepreneurindia.co , www.niir.org
Quails are smaller sized bird, so they can be raised within small place.
Quails grow very fast and gain maturity faster than any other poultry birds. Adult broiler quail weights around 210 gm at 4 weeks of age.
In this presentation you will get
1) Project Report of Dairy Farming
2) Layout Planning and infrastructure development
3) Animal Sourcing
4) Dairy Farm Machinery
5) Herd Management solutions
For getting high yield equipment for poultry farming is must needed.Egiyok
for any production business machines and devices plays important role in increasing the overall production
In recent years equipment for poultry has evolved a lot and giving benefits to the farmers.
Business Planning and Economics of Sheep Farm Establishm.docxhumphrieskalyn
Business Planning
and Economics of
Sheep Farm
Establishment and
Cost of Production
in Nova Scotia
Prepared by: Christina Jones, Economist, Nova Scotia Department of Agriculture
Although care has been taken in preparing the information contained in this document,
the Nova Scotia Department of Agriculture does not and cannot guarantee the accuracy
thereof. Anyone using this information is doing so at his/her own risk, thereby releasing
both the Department and the Province of Nova Scotia from accepting any and all
responsibilities and/or liabilities for any person or persons who may suffer loss or
damage by its use.
Introduction
The sheep industry is well established in Nova Scotia. Nova Scotia sheep producers have
been leaders in importation of breeding stock and marketing for many years. With the
increase in demand for lamb nationally and the availability of suitable land in Nova
Scotia, there is a real opportunity for the expansion of the province’s sheep industry. To
be successful in the sheep industry it is imperative that sound business decisions are made
from the initial planning through to the marketing and selling of the lamb, wool or milk
produced. Like any farm operation, there is a significant investment of capital required
for the establishment of a sheep farm, either as a stand-alone operation or as an
opportunity to diversify an existing farm. It is essential for financial success that the flock
be operated as a business enterprise, paying great attention to detail in both production
and financial management.
The Nova Scotia Industry
The early settlers in Nova Scotia recognized the opportunity to raise sheep in this
province. These sheep were the first domesticated livestock in Canada. Currently, there
are approximately 350 sheep producers in the province, with approximately 14,700 ewes
and rams. The sheep numbers have been stable for the last 10 years, showing a slight
increase in recent years.
There are relatively few large flocks; only a couple of producers have over 400 ewes and
10 producers have 200 to 300 ewes. The average flock size is estimated to be between 45
and 50 ewes. The majority of the producers choose to lamb in late winter or spring, with
only a couple producers choosing accelerated lambing. The lambs are primarily marketed
to processors in Nova Scotia, with the three largest processors marketing approximately
80% of the lambs produced. There is considerable interest in value-added wool
production and processing for the craft market. Also, there is interest in dairy sheep
where the milk will be processed into cheese and yogurt.
Objectives
The purpose of this report is to provide individuals interested in establishing a sheep farm
a guide to the development of a plan and an understanding of the costs associated with
the establishment and operation of a commercial sheep farm. The report reflects the
management practices of producers in Nova ...
For More Business ideas, business management, Business plan, small business startup, website development, ways of making money online, u how you start your own Blog and make money, find contract an get paid instantly ,find writing work, find clients within your country and get paid for it.
Simply visit Daroko Blog (www.professionalbloggertricks.com)
Google the statement: Daroko Blog
A lesson plan is the instructor’s road map of what students need to learn and how it will be done effectively during the class time. Before you plan your lesson, you will first need to identify the learning objectives for the class meeting. Then, you can design appropriate learning activities and develop strategies to obtain feedback on student learning.
CHEM Study and CBA : Salient features, merits and demeritsADITYA ARYA
CHEM study.
Chem study originated in 1960 at United States J.A Campbell was the project Director.
Chem Study employs inductive approach in which practical work precedes theory. The
main objectives of the course are
1) To diminish the separation between Scientist and teachers in the understanding of
Science.
2) To stimulate and prepare those high school students who planned to continue the
study of Chemistry in College in preparation for a professional career.
The materials produced under this project consists of a text, laboratory manual ,
teachers guide, two self instruction programmes two series of achievement tests,
26 basic films and 27 teacher training films.
Chemical Bond Approach (CBA)
CBA course was originated in 1959. Lawrence Strong was the founder of this
project. In CBA theory precedes practical work, ie, it is deductive in approach.
Important texts are Chemical system and investigating Chemical system. The concept of
bonding forms the central theme in C.B.A. The whole course is planned in such a
manner that experiments suggest the ideas to be tested and ideas to be tested suggest the
experiments to be setup.
Characters of Apiaceae:
Stem fistular, leaves alternate, much dissected mostly decompound, sheathing leaf base; inflorescence umbel or compound umbel occasionally simple; flowers epigynous, pentamerous, regular rarely zygomorphic, hermaphrodite; calyx superior, pentafid or 0; corolla five, polypetalous, often inflexed; stamens 5; carpels 2; syncarpous, bicarpellary with 2 pendulous ovules; honey-disc surrounding the stigmas – stylopodium is present; fruit cremocarp; seeds endospermic and oily.
A. Vegetative characters:
Habit:
Plants are mostly herbs which may be annual, biennial or perennial, the herbs may be large (Bupleurum, Heracleum, Agelica) rarely shrubs with aromatic odour due to the presence of oil ducts. Pseudocarum climbs by means of its petioles which are very sensitive to contact.
Family Leguminosae (Fabaceae) is generally characterized by typical legume fruit and the ability to symbiotically fix nitrogen. Among the three subfamilies, Papilionoideae is the largest and possesses the lion’s share of economically important legumes including pulses and forages. Although monophyletic origin is generally considered, traces of polyphyly and paraphyly are evidenced in the subfamilies Mimosoideae and Caesalpinioideae by molecular phylogenetic studies. Development of robust cytogenetic stocks (aneuploids, polyploids, chromosomal aberrations, somaclonal variants, transformants, etc.) and novel functional genomic tools (mutants, molecular markers, DNA libraries, barcode sequences, etc.) have paved the way to legume classical and molecular breeding for high-yield, nutritional quality, biotic and abiotic stress tolerance, and enhancement of its bioactive natural antioxidants.
Integration of peace in different subjectsADITYA ARYA
PEACE EDUCATION
☼ It is necessary that children are taught pedagogy of peace that
includes recognition and rejection of violence, understanding
of differences through dialogue, critical awareness of
injustice, social justice and imaginative understanding of
peace.
☼ The prime responsibility of a teacher is to help students to
become good human beings, motivated to fulfil their true
potential for their own benefit as well as for the betterment
of the society as a whole.
3
PEACE EDUCATION
☼ Peace education is a psychological, social, political, ethical and
spiritual state with its expressions in intrapersonal,
interpersonal, intergroup, international and global areas of
human life.
☼ Developing capabilities for peace through broad based education
involves behavioural, cognitive, spiritual and attitudinal
components.
☼ Discourses of empathy and reconciliation in curriculum and
pedagogy are critical components of reformation of peace
education goals.
Metalloporphyrins with special reference to Iron porphyrins ( Haemoglobin and...ADITYA ARYA
Metalloporphyrins with special reference to Iron
porphyrins ( Haemoglobin and Myoglobin )
Porphyrins are one of the most important groups of
bioinorganic compounds in which a metal ion is
surrounded by the four nitrogens of porphin ring.
❑ Porphines are made of four pyrrole rings linked
together through methene bridges.
❑ Therefore, porphines have macrocylic pyrrole system
with conjugated double bonds as shown here:
❑ These porphines act as tetradentate ligands with four
nitrogen donor sites.
Two of these are tertiary nitrogen donor positions which can form
coordinate bonds by donating a pair of electrons each to the metal
ion.
❑ The other two are secondary nitrogen donor positions. each of
which lose a proton in forming a coordinate bond with a metal
ion.
❑ Thus, a porphin ring acts as a tetradentate dinegative ligand (or
dianion).
❑ Dipositive cations such as Mg2+ Fe2+ or Ni2+ are capable of
forming neutral complexes with porphine as shown here:
❑ Four pyrrole rings of porphin carrying substituents other than hydrogen
are called porphyrins. The complexes in which a metal ion is held in
the porphyrin ring system are called metalloporphyrins.
❑ Such complexes play a vital role in biological systems.
Healthy discipline among school children ( Gender Issues & Peace Education )ADITYA ARYA
Healthy discipline among
school children {Gender Issues & Peace Education}
❖ The Latin origin of the word discipline is ‘to teach’.
❖ Disciplining the student child means teaching them responsible behavior and selfcontrol.
❖ With appropriate and consistent discipline, then students will learn about
consequences and taking responsibility for their own actions.
❖ At its best, discipline rewards the student for appropriate behavior and discourages
inappropriate behavior, using fair and positive means, it is known as healthy discipline.
The biosynthesis of the main auxin in plants (indole-3-acetic acid [IAA]) has been elucidated recently and is thought to involve the sequential conversion of Trp to indole-3-pyruvic acid to IAA. However, the pathway leading to a less well studied auxin, phenylacetic acid (PAA), remains unclear. Here, we present evidence from metabolism experiments that PAA is synthesized from the amino acid Phe, via phenylpyruvate. In pea (Pisum sativum), the reverse reaction, phenylpyruvate to Phe, is also demonstrated. However, despite similarities between the pathways leading to IAA and PAA, evidence from mutants in pea and maize (Zea mays) indicate that IAA biosynthetic enzymes are not the main enzymes for PAA biosynthesis. Instead, we identified a putative aromatic aminotransferase (PsArAT) from pea that may function in the PAA synthesis pathway.
POLLINATION LESSON PLAN (PC: BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES)ADITYA ARYA
Lesson plans are the best way to deliver an effective and engaging lesson. Lesson plans also help keep you on track to ensure that your learners hit their goals and targets, in line with your course curriculum.
Pollination, transfer of pollen grains from the stamens, the flower parts that produce them, to the ovule-bearing organs or to the ovules (seed precursors) themselves. In plants such as conifers and cycads, in which the ovules are exposed, the pollen is simply caught in a drop of fluid secreted by the ovule. In flowering plants, however, the ovules are contained within a hollow organ called the pistil, and the pollen is deposited on the pistil’s receptive surface, the stigma. There the pollen germinates and gives rise to a pollen tube, which grows down through the pistil toward one of the ovules in its base. In an act of double fertilization, one of the two sperm cells within the pollen tube fuses with the egg cell of the ovule, making possible the development of an embryo, and the other cell combines with the two subsidiary sexual nuclei of the ovule, which initiates formation of a reserve food tissue, the endosperm. The growing ovule then transforms itself into a seed.
PROJECT WORK: TOOLS AND TECHNIQUES FOR ASSESSMENTADITYA ARYA
PROJECT WORK: TOOLS AND TECHNIQUES FOR ASSESSMENT
Project-based assessments are an alternative to tests that allow students to engage with their learning in more concrete ways. Instead of merely studying theory, a hands-on project asks students to apply what they've learned to an in-depth exploration of a topic. You can use projects as part of the ongoing learning process or as a capstone assessment in place of a traditional final exam.
Project-based assessment is often a component of project-based learning (PBL), in which the entire focus of a course or unit is to teach via student engagement in problem-solving and exploration. Like PBL, project-based assessment is student-centered and requires reflection on both the process and the content to be meaningful.
CARBOHYDRATE METABOLISM : GLYCOLYSIS
Glycolysis is the first step in the breakdown of glucose to extract energy for cellular metabolism. Glycolysis consists of an energy-requiring phase followed by an energy-releasing phase.
What is glycolysis?
Glycolysis is a series of reactions that extract energy from glucose by splitting it into two three-carbon molecules called pyruvates. Glycolysis is an ancient metabolic pathway, meaning that it evolved long ago, and it is found in the great majority of organisms alive today^{2,3}
2,3
start superscript, 2, comma, 3, end superscript.
In organisms that perform cellular respiration, glycolysis is the first stage of this process. However, glycolysis doesn’t require oxygen, and many anaerobic organisms—organisms that do not use oxygen—also have this pathway.
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
This is a presentation by Dada Robert in a Your Skill Boost masterclass organised by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan (EFSS) on Saturday, the 25th and Sunday, the 26th of May 2024.
He discussed the concept of quality improvement, emphasizing its applicability to various aspects of life, including personal, project, and program improvements. He defined quality as doing the right thing at the right time in the right way to achieve the best possible results and discussed the concept of the "gap" between what we know and what we do, and how this gap represents the areas we need to improve. He explained the scientific approach to quality improvement, which involves systematic performance analysis, testing and learning, and implementing change ideas. He also highlighted the importance of client focus and a team approach to quality improvement.
2. CONTENTS
OF
THIS
BUSINESS
PROPOSAL
1. PURPOSE OF INITIATION
2. OBJECTIVES
3. KEYS TO SUCCESS
4. MISSION
5. COMPANY SUMMARY
6. OWNERSHIP STRUCTURE
7. START UP SUMMARY
8. INTRODUCTION OT POULTRY FARMING
9. REQUIREMENTS OF POULTRY FARMING
10. SITE SELECTION
11. SHAPE AND SIZE
12. POULTRY EXPERTISE
13. ACQUISITION OF MATERIALS
14. MARKETING AND DISTRIBUTION
15. PREPRATION AND DISINFECTION OF SHED
16. FEEDING
17. VACCINATION AND MEDICATION
18. LITTER MANAGEMENT
19. BROODING AND REARING
20. PLAN OF WORK
21. SALES
22. TOTAL CAPITAL STRUCTURE
23. PRODUCTS
24. MARKET SEGMENTATION
25. MARKET ANALYSIS
26. MARKET NEEDS
27. BUSSINESS RISKS
28. COMPETITIVE EDGE
29. SALES FORECAST
30. MANAGEMENT TEAM
31. FINANCIAL PLAN
32. IMPORTANT ASSUMPTIONS
33. BREAK-EVEN ANALYSIS
34. MONTHLY REVENUE BREAK-EVEN
35. ASSUMPTIONS
36. PROJECT PROFIT AND LOSS
37. PRO FORMA PROFIT AND LOSS
38. PROJRCTED BALANCE SHEET
39. PRO FORMA BALANCE SHEET
40. BUSINESS RATIOS
4. Before discussing commercial poultry farming in India, let me first explain what does poultry farming means.
Generally, poultry farming means, raising various types of domestic birds for the purpose of producing foods
like eggs and meat. Nowadays, most of the people are using the poultry as the synonym of chickens. Because
chickens are the widely raised poultry birds. Along with chickens ducks, geese, turkeys, guinea fowl, quails,
peacock etc. are also popular domestic poultry birds. In India, various types of poultry birds are being raised
from a long time ago.
PURPOSE OF INITIATION
❖ In this scenario, poultry farming has got a huge potential in India. Putting all the various
factors into consideration, we ( Aditya and Rahul, proprieties of “Happy Chick Poultry
Farm” ) decided to capitalize this opportunity to serve the people and to make the country
self dependent in the poultry products.
❖ We have decided to name the company as “Happy Chick Poultry Farm”. Preliminary
research has indicated that 1000 chickens would be optimum for the initial operation of the
business.
❖ The farm’s production site would be located in Gwalior which has plenty open space, cheap
labors, road connection, water availability and immediate access to the huge market of our
product.
❖ An area of about 10,000 sq. feet would be occupied by the farm and a house with 3 rooms would be rented for the
storage of pellets and other equipment's as well as for the employees to reside and guard the farm. The land has
been taken into lease for 5 years with the options of extension and the feasibility study by the experts has shown
positive results. Initial investment would be Rs. 10,00,000 that would be spent on buying chickens, building cage
house, stocking the pellets, hiring the expert and other miscellaneous tasks.
5. OBJECTIVES
Becoming the "Best and most hygienic poultry
producer in the area" complying by the national
standards for food and drugs. Turn in profits from the
first month of operations. Maintain an 80% gross
margin ratio. Winning the hearts and tastes of our
beloved consumers and establishing a brand image of
the company through heavy marketing campaigns in
the first one year.
State of art cage framework accommodating optimum
number of chickens with mitigated possible hazards.
Diverse slaughters network, market chain
management, optimum inventory level and ‘customer
is king’ policy. Regular visits by medical workers and
hygienic poultry house environment.
KEY TO SUCCESS
6. MISSION
Happy Chick Poultry Farm producer will make its best effort to live
up to the consumer’s expectations by delivering the best of its
product to the end users. The quality of our product wouldn’t be
challenged either inside or outside the country. This confidence
would be earned by the unparalleled Excellency in the poultry
farm. The nutritious and protein rich product from our farm would
always be the first choice of our consumers.
COMPANY SUMMARY
Happy Chick Poultry Farm would be a limited liability company,
producing chickens, eggs, and, litter as a byproduct in its state of
art poultry farm units. The company would have a status small
and cottage industry.
OWNERSHIP STRUCTURE
The company would be jointly owned by Mr. Praveen and Mr.
Satyendra. It would be a partnership enterprise with each of the
owners holding 50-50 % of the share
7. START UP SUMMARY:
The start-up expenses (Rs 96,000) includes:
✓ Expenses for hiring advisors and technical experts Rs. 10,000.
✓ Marketing promotion expenses for the brand imaging of Happy Chick Poultry Farm trademark in the
amount of Rs5,500 and as well as brochures and pamphlets (3,000 pieces at Rs0.1per copy) for the
total amount of Rs 5,700.
✓ Insurance (general liability, workers' compensation and chicken casualty) coverage at a total
premium of Rs 4000.
✓ Pre-paid rent expenses for six month at Rs1 per square feet in the total amount of Rs 60,000.
✓ Battery style cage structures build up expenses of Rs 12,000.
✓ Other start-up expenses including transportation(Rs 2,000) and phone and utility deposits (Rs2,000).
✓ Stationeries and Office supplies – Rs 300
The required start-up assets of Rs 904 ,000 include:
✓ Operating capital in the total amount of Rs45,000, which includes salary of two unskilled labors (4,000
per person) and technician's salary of Rs7,000 for the first month and cash reserves for the first three
months of operation (approximately Rs10,000 per month).
✓ Bank balance Rs. 3,82,000.
✓ Start-up inventory of Rs 95,000, which includes:
✓ Broiler chicks (1000 heads @ Rs 30 per head) – Rs 30,000
✓ Pellet balls (30 quintals @ Rs 3,000 per quintal) – Rs 90,000
✓ Protein supplements, vitamins and antibiotics. – Rs 5,000
Equipments and machineries :
✓ Nets, baskets, buckets, tillers and other
equipment's – Rs17,000
✓ Heating, lighting system and pellet machine
–Rs 40,000.
8. INTRODUCTION OT POULTRY FARMING
In egg-producing farms, birds are typically housed
in rows of battery cages. Environmental conditions
are automatically controlled, including light
duration, which mimics summer daylength. This
stimulates the birds to continue to lay eggs all year
round. Normally, significant egg production only
occurs in the warmer months. Critics argue that
year-round egg production stresses the birds more
than normal seasonal production.
Broilers in a production house Meat chickens, commonly called broilers, are floor-raised on litter such as
wood shavings or rice hulls, indoors in climate-controlled housing. Poultry producers routinely use
nationally approved medications, such as antibiotics, in feed or drinking water, to treat disease or to
prevent disease outbreaks arising from overcrowded or unsanitary conditions.
In egg-producing farms, cages allow for more birds per unit area, and this allows for greater productivity
and lower space and food costs, with more efforts put into egg-laying. In common practice, the current
recommendation by the United Egg Producers is 67 to 86 in² (430 to 560 cm²) per bird, which is about 9
inches by 9 inches.
Modern poultry farming is very efficient and allows meat and eggs to be available to the consumer in all
seasons at a lower cost than free range production, and the poultry have no exposure to predators.
9. The cage environment of egg producing does not permit birds to roam.
The closeness of chickens to one another frequently causes cannibalism.
Cannibalism is controlled by de-beaking (removing a portion of the bird's beak with a hot blade so the bird
cannot effectively peck). Another condition that can occur in prolific egg laying breeds is osteoporosis. This
is caused from year around rather than seasonal egg production, and results in chickens whose legs
cannot support them and so can no longer walk.
During egg production, large amounts of calcium are transferred from bones to create eggshell. Although
dietary calcium levels are adequate, absorption of dietary calcium is not always sufficient, given the
intensity of production, to fully replenish bone calcium.
Under intensive farming methods, a meat chicken will live less than six
weeks before slaughter. This is half the time it would take traditionally. This
compares with free-range chickens which will usually be slaughtered at 8
weeks, and organic ones at around 12 weeks. In intensive broiler sheds, the
air can become highly polluted with ammonia from the droppings.
This can damage the chickens’ eyes and respiratory systems and can cause
painful burns on their legs (called hock burns) and feet. Chickens bred for
fast growth have a high rate of leg deformities because they cannot support
their increased body weight.
Because they cannot move easily, the chickens are not able to adjust their
environment to avoid heat, cold or dirt as they would in natural conditions.
The added weight and overcrowding also puts a strain on their hearts and
lungs.
10. REQUIREMENTS OF POULTRY FARMING
SITE SELECTION
Before establishing a firm, location plays an important role in business i.e such location should be
selected which has got link with motor able road, abundant water supply, 24 hour electricity and all
around communication facility.
SHAPE AND SIZE
Poultry farming is such a business which we can start with any amount of fund and infra structures. Even
chicken are brought up in households feeding the spillover foods and other wastes. But to run it in the
commercial scale, optimum number of chickens and equivalent size of the farm with abundant supply of
pellets should be made first considering the present demand and tastes of the consumers.
POULTRY EXPERTISE
A specialist on the field of poultry with the knowledge of diseases and medications should always be in
constant contact and regular inspection of the farm by veterinary doctors should be made. The paid
workers and entrepreneur should also have some knowledge of handling the chickens and identification
of some disease.
11. ACQUISITION OF MATERIALS
Raw materials needed for the farm should always
be available and stock should be plenty in the time
of shortages as chickens cannot survive much time
without any food. Pellets bought in big lots also
give economies of scale. Protein rich supplements,
antibiotics and vitamins should also be given in
regular basis. Temperature and lightings for egg-
layers should also be maintained precisely.
Required amount of feed and day old broiler bird
will be purchased from local market.
MARKETING AND DISTRIBUTION
Poultry farms, especially with the broilers, won’t
make profits if the finished products i.e. hen are not
taken to the market after specified time which is
normally 6 weeks. After 6 weeks the hens won’t
convert the feeds into flesh so, it would be
unproductive to hold them any longer.
12. FEEDING
The birds will be given starter ration from 0 to 3 week of age . The ration
from 0to 3 weeks will have energy value of 3200MEKcal/kg and cp
content will be same where ascp content will be 20%. Baghel and Netke
(1987) have shown that a combination of 23.5 sesame meal and 28%
soyabean meal (almost 0.88.1 ratio) have given good result in broiler
performance ,provided the minimum recommended levels of lysine ,
methionine and cystine were taken care in broilers diets. Wethli and Paris
(1995) reported that a diet formulated using locally available sesame
seeds ingredient without a premix but receiving green leaves , produced a
weight gain that was about 20% lower than that attained by a
commercial diet , with about 15% inferior feed conversion and a similar
mortality.
VACCINATION AND MEDICATION
To maintain health of poultry, timely vaccination and medication by vetenerian will be done.
LITTER MANAGEMENT
Rice husk will be user as litter by maintaining 5 cm thick on floor. The litter will be stirred twice in a week
to prevent watery. Wet litter will be removed and dry will be replaced. Before placing the litter in poultry
house, dust lime will be used as disinfectant.
13. BROODING AND REARING
After receiving of chicks they will be put in
well heated brooder which has run 24 hr
before the arrival of chocks with proper
temperature of 90 to 95 degree Celsius
with adequate dry litter. The temperature is
maintained as below:
Age temperature (°F)
1st week 95
2nd week 90
3rd week 85
4th week 80
5th week 75
6th week 70
LIGHTING MANAGEMENT
Brooder house will be provided with 24
hour light throughout the growing period
with one 60 watt bulb for each 200 sq. feet
of floor space.
VACCINATION
Broiler will be vaccinated as follows:
Age days of vaccination
One day Marek or F1
14th day Gambaro intermediate
26th day Ranikhet F1 or Lasota
28th day Gambaro intermediate
FLOOR SPACE
1sq. feet per bird will be provided
14. OBSERVATION
The following parameters will be measured during the
following period:
➢ Initial weight
➢ Weekly live weight
➢ Weekly feed consumption
➢ Average weekly feed intake
➢ Average daily gain
➢ Daily water consumption
➢ Weekly live weight gain
➢ FCR=Average daily feed intake
➢ Average daily gain
➢ Economics of production
Net income per birds (RS) = Gross income-Gross expenditure/Number of live birds
Net income per kg live weight = Net income from bird/Total live weight of bird - Carcass
characteristics = Dressing % = Dressed wt of bird (kg)/live wt of bird (kg) x100
Statistical methods and data analysis - Data recorded will be analyzed using analysis of variance
mean comparison using Microsoft Excel and Data recording.
15. PLAN OF WORK
Month Work schedule
January 15th day-shed preparation
20th day – disinfection of shed
25th day – buying of chicken
February 1st day-ration feeding; live weight
March Similar as February calendar
April Selling in market and consumption
Paper preparation and publication in journal
Expected outcomes:
✓ The weekly weight gain and feed efficiency will be known.
✓ Growth performance of broilers will be identified.
✓ Carcass characteristics and nutrient digestibility will be identified.
✓ Rearing of broilers will be known.
✓ Beneficiaries -Primary beneficiaries will be poultry rising.
-Secondary beneficiaries will be business man and
industrialist and consumer.
-The tertiary beneficiaries will be students and
researchers government and non-government
organization.
20. PRODUCT
In the first phase of the operation, the poultry farm will entirely produce mature broiler hens for the
purpose of meat only. This will be achieved by using highly-nutritious pellet ingredients and will maintain
a high level of hygiene. The battery cage units will accommodate maximum possible number of chickens
in the allocated space. And the marketing activities will be focused on maximizing the sales of higher
margin robust high-bred hens. The price list would be verified according to the latest market trend and
optimum mix for the demand and supply would be maintained.
Happy Chick Poultry Farm will focus
its marketing activities on reaching
the highly acclaimed slaughters
house which are the main supplier
of meat to the various class of wide
ranged customers.
Our target groups would be the
high end customers vying for the
best possible chicken either locally
available or imported ones.
MARKET SEGMENTATION
The chart and table below outline the total market potential (in
number of Demands) of chicken consumers near in Gwalior.
22. MARKET NEEDS
The Indian poultry market, consisting of broilers and eggs was worth INR
1,750 Billion in 2018. The market is further projected to reach INR 4,340 Billion
by 2024, growing at a CAGR of 16.2% during 2019-2024. India today is the
one of the world’s largest producer of eggs and broiler meat. The poultry
industry in India has undergone a major shift in structure and operation during
the last two decades transforming from a mere backyard activity into a major
industry with the presence of a large number of integrated players. This
transformation has involved a sizeable investment in breeding, hatching,
rearing and processing activities.
Indian Poultry Farm Market: Drivers
Increasing Incomes Coupled by Changing Food Habits:
Broiler meat in the past had been considered to be a delicacy but as a result of increasing levels of
urbanization and higher levels of disposable incomes, poultry meat is increasingly seen as less of a luxury
product and more as a daily staple. Further with changing food habits and increasing exposure to global
cuisines, the Indian population is increasingly converting to a non-vegetarian diet. Poultry meat is preferred
over other meat products as it is considered more hygienic and is available throughout the year across the
country at relatively lesser prices than fish/mutton.
23. Large Unpenetrated Market:
The annual per capita consumption of broiler meat and eggs
remains one of the lowest in the world and is significantly lower
than many emerging and developed markets. As a result of the
low penetration levels and continuously increasing income
levels, however, we expect the per capita consumption of both
broiler meat and eggs to increase continuously during the next
five years.
Growth in the Food Services Market:
Growth in the food services market such as restaurant and fast
food joints are also creating a positive impact on the
consumption of broiler meat and eggs. Both broiler meats as
well as eggs represent important ingredients in both traditional
Indian non-vegetarian recipes as well as fast foods.
Growth in the Bakery Foods Market:
Eggs represent an important ingredient in bakery foods. The
Indian bakery foods market is currently exhibiting strong
growth rates. We expect the growth of the bakery foods market
to create a positive impact on the consumption of eggs in India.
25. The farm faces certain risks inherent to food commodities in general and meat products in particular.
Financial Risks. Our quarterly revenues and operating results are difficult to predict and may fluctuate
significantly from quarter to quarter as a result of a variety of factors. Among these factors are:
❑ Changes in our own or competitors' pricing policies
❑ Fluctuations in expected revenues from advertisers, sponsors and strategic relationships
❑ Timing of costs related to acquisitions or payments
Legislative / Legal Landscape. Our participation in the health care arena presents unique risks:
❑ Malpractice and other related liability
❑ State regulations on quarantine, insurance and the practice of medicine.
❑ Storage, transmission and disclosure of firm’s information and hygiene records
Operational Risks. To attract and retain users to the Happy Chick Poultry Farm products, we must continue to
provide quality and Hygienic content. This confers certain risks including the failure to:
❑ Anticipate and respond to consumer preferences for content, Preference and service
❑ Attract, excite and retain a large audience of consumers to the Happy Chick Poultry Farm Products.
❑ Create and maintain successful strategic alliances with high quality partners
❑ Deliver high quality, "24/7" customer service and web site performance
❑ Build the Happy Chick Poultry Farm as a brand rapidly and substantially
❑ The required feed will be available.
❑ Timely availability of budget.
❑ Poultry raising environment will be favorable for growth.
26. COMPETITIVE EDGE
SALES FORECAST
Happy Chick Poultry Farm will position itself as unique poultry farm where it produces not only meat
products but also enjoy the best of its kind you can ever achieve. Hygienic poultry environment in which
chicks are fed with nutritious and chicken friendly pellets differentiates itself from Incumbent competitors.
Feeds costs are assumed at 80% of the total cost incurred on each chicken. Seasonal consumer preference
and the probable uncertainties of outbreak of market rumors for the outbreak of avian flu will dictate
certain sales seasonality with revenues slightly decreasing during such periods. The chart and table below
outline our projected sales forecast for the next three years.
27. IMPORTANT ASSUMPTIONS
❖ General Assumptions
❖ Break-even Analysis:
Monthly Revenue Break-even Rs31,247
❖ Assumptions:
Average Percent Variable Cost 35%
Estimated Monthly Fixed Cost Rs20,311
28. PROJECT PROFIT AND LOSS
Annual projected sales of Rs584,000 in FY2018 translate into Rs 150.00 of sales per square foot, which is in
line with the industry averages for this size of poultry farm. Overall, as the company gets established in the
local market, its net profitability increases from 17.06% in FY2021 to 17.63% in FY2022. The table below
outlines the projected Profit and Loss Statement for FY2021- 2023
29. PROJECT BALANCE SHEET
The company's net worth is expected to increase from approximately Rs212,000 by the end of FY2021 to
approximately Rs443,000 in FY2022. The table below summarizes the projected balance sheets for this
period.
30. BUSINESS RATIO
The table below outlines the company's business ratios. The last column represents industry average
business ratios for Specialty poultry products .
31.
32.
33. THANK YOU !
- ADITYA ARYA
B.SC.B.ED. (CBZ) VI SEMESTER