This document provides details on a proposed 50,000 unit poultry farm layer project in India. It discusses the importance of poultry farming as a source of income and nutrition. It then outlines the scope and potential of the layer farming industry in India. The remainder of the document details the requirements and considerations for setting up the proposed 50,000 unit poultry layer farm, including infrastructure needs, birds, production parameters, feeding, and relevant government schemes and regulations.
Role of livestock in national economy and population dynamics.
Provide livelihood to 2-3rd of rural community.
Also provides employment to 8.8% of the population in India.
20.5 million people depend upon livestock for their livelihood.
Livestock contribute to 16% to the income of small farm households.
Contributes to 4.11% of GDP and 25.6% of total agriculture GDP.
It gives introduction on what is poultry farming and started with riddles. It also explains about the PURPOSE OF POULTRY FARMING, Different breeds of chickens, live poultry selection steps, TYPES OF BREEDS - INDIGENOUS BREEDS
- EXOTIC BREEDS, The common 5 types of breeds, types of poultry farming, STEPS IN CHICKEN REARING,BYPRODUCTS OF POULTRY, DISEASES OF THE POULTRY & conclusion.
Project Report / Pre-feasibility report for 20 Cattle which contains SWOT analysis, Key challenges along with solutions and Economic feasibility of the dairy farm
Role of livestock in national economy and population dynamics.
Provide livelihood to 2-3rd of rural community.
Also provides employment to 8.8% of the population in India.
20.5 million people depend upon livestock for their livelihood.
Livestock contribute to 16% to the income of small farm households.
Contributes to 4.11% of GDP and 25.6% of total agriculture GDP.
It gives introduction on what is poultry farming and started with riddles. It also explains about the PURPOSE OF POULTRY FARMING, Different breeds of chickens, live poultry selection steps, TYPES OF BREEDS - INDIGENOUS BREEDS
- EXOTIC BREEDS, The common 5 types of breeds, types of poultry farming, STEPS IN CHICKEN REARING,BYPRODUCTS OF POULTRY, DISEASES OF THE POULTRY & conclusion.
Project Report / Pre-feasibility report for 20 Cattle which contains SWOT analysis, Key challenges along with solutions and Economic feasibility of the dairy farm
Design your own foldable tables. Technical specifications of the FastLeg structures.
FastLeg is an Italian design patented mechanism that allows to realize very compact collapsible tables. The folding table will be wall mounted, easy to open and close, very robust.
Pakistan’s Agriculture Sector- 2 /Livestock : Challenges and ResponseShahid Hussain Raja
Explains the importance of livestock sector for the political economy of Pakistan,carries out its SWOT analysis and describes the various challenges it is facing.Ends with a comprehensive set of recommendations for improving the productivity of the sector
After carrying out an in-depth SWOT Analysis, this presentation identifies the challenges Pakistan's Livestock Sector is facing and then makes recommendations to respond to these challenges.
Most Profitable Livestock Farming, Animal Husbandry, Livestock Farm Business ...Ajjay Kumar Gupta
Most Profitable Livestock Farming, Animal Husbandry, Livestock Farm Business Ideas, Farm Animals to Raise
Cow, Sheep, Pig, Goat, Buffalo, Rabbit, Poultry, Dairy Farming, Cattle Rearing, Cattle Breeding Farm, Cattle & Poultry Feed, Fodder
Livestock farming, raising of animals for use or for pleasure. Livestock farming is the rearing of animals for food and for other human uses. The word 'Livestock' applies primarily to cattle or dairy cows, chickens, goats, pigs, horses and sheep. Today, even animals like donkeys, mules, rabbits and insects such as bees are being raised as part of livestock farming.
Present-day livestock farming is very well planned - animals are provided with food and shelter and bred selectively. As regards shelter, animals are usually kept in enclosures. Pigs and poultry are reared intensively in indoor environments. However, indoor animal farming has often been criticized for multiple reasons - on grounds of pollution and for animal welfare reasons. Outdoor farming of livestock stands for rearing animals in bigger enclosures like ranches and fenced pastures.
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Livestock Farming, Most Profitable Livestock Farming/Animal Husbandry, Livestock Farming With Care, Profile of Farms with Livestock, Livestock Farming Project, Agriculture Livestock Farms, Projects on Livestock Farming, Livestock Farming Business, Livestock Farming Business Ideas, Small Scale Livestock Farming Business, Livestock and Poultry in India, Animal Husbandry in India, Livestock Investment Opportunities in India, Livestock Farm Business Ideas, Livestock Farming in India, Ways to Make Money from Livestock Farming, Profitable Animal Farming Business, Farming and Raising Livestock, Business Plan for Livestock Farming, How to Start Livestock Farming, Integrated Dairy and Goat Farming, Pig Farming Business, Poultry & Broiler Farming Business in India, Business Plan for Goat Farming for Meat and Breeding, How to Start Rabbit Farming Business, Angora Rabbit Farming, Rabbit Feed, Yarn from Wool, then manufacturing of Shawls, Sweaters, Caps, Mufflers with Dyeing & Bleaching, EMU Birds (Farming, Breeding & Meat Production), Fish Farming Business, Rumen by Pass Fat Used in Cattle Feed, Goat & Sheep Farming Project, Poultry Feed, Project on Quail Farming, Poultry Farm for Producing Eggs, Animal Feed Using Date Pits, Discarded Dates and Other Ingredients (Barley, Bran, Oats, Soyabean Meal, Molasses, Vitamin and Minerals), Production of Fish Oil (Production and Refining) with Fish Meal
Economic Analysis of Poultry Production in Sindh pakistansanaullah noonari
Poultry sector is one of the effervescent segments of agriculture industry in Pakistan. This sector generates
employment and income for about 1.5 million people. Its contribution in agriculture growth is 4.81% and in
Livestock growth 9.84%. Poultry meat contributes 19% of the total meat production in the country. The current
investment on poultry industry is above Rs. 200 billion. Poultry sector has shown a robust growth at the rate of
8-10% annually, which reflects its inherent potential. The study was design to investigate economic analysis of
poultry farm production, major objectives of the study were to asses' financial gain from poultry production,
primary data on poultry farms was collected from the farmers through personal interviews with the help of
specially designed questionnaire. A simple random sampling technique was used to collect the data. Statistical
techniques like means, comparison of means and frequency distribution was used for production cost and yield
analysis. On an average total fixed cost was Rs. 111500.00, labour input cost includes Rs 168000.00 on an
average per farm poultry farmer spent labour cost of production. This included Rs. 20000.00 on Supervision
(weekly visit), Electrician(when problem) Rs.4000.00, Feedings Rs. 40000.00, Cleaning Rs. 40000.00,
Watchmen Rs. 50000.00, Drinkers Rs. 22000.00 and Spraying(weekly spray) Rs. 6000.00 respectively. Selected
poultry farmers in study area on average per farm spent on marketing cost was Rs. 134000.00. This included Rs.
24000.OOfor loading, Rs. 86000.00 for transportation and Rs. 24000.00 of unloading. On an average per farm
total cost of production was Rs. 679756.00 and obtained physical productivity 7212 live birds and 12560 eggs
whose revenue productivity was Rs. 1096500.00 and net income was Rs. 326744.00, cost benefit ratio of the
cultivation of poultry at 1:0.48 it means that the poultry farmers obtained Rs. 0.48 on each rupee invested by
them. High profit was observed in poultry farming.
What are the main advantages of using HR recruiter services.pdfHumanResourceDimensi1
HR recruiter services offer top talents to companies according to their specific needs. They handle all recruitment tasks from job posting to onboarding and help companies concentrate on their business growth. With their expertise and years of experience, they streamline the hiring process and save time and resources for the company.
RMD24 | Retail media: hoe zet je dit in als je geen AH of Unilever bent? Heid...BBPMedia1
Grote partijen zijn al een tijdje onderweg met retail media. Ondertussen worden in dit domein ook de kansen zichtbaar voor andere spelers in de markt. Maar met die kansen ontstaan ook vragen: Zelf retail media worden of erop adverteren? In welke fase van de funnel past het en hoe integreer je het in een mediaplan? Wat is nu precies het verschil met marketplaces en Programmatic ads? In dit half uur beslechten we de dilemma's en krijg je antwoorden op wanneer het voor jou tijd is om de volgende stap te zetten.
Memorandum Of Association Constitution of Company.pptseri bangash
www.seribangash.com
A Memorandum of Association (MOA) is a legal document that outlines the fundamental principles and objectives upon which a company operates. It serves as the company's charter or constitution and defines the scope of its activities. Here's a detailed note on the MOA:
Contents of Memorandum of Association:
Name Clause: This clause states the name of the company, which should end with words like "Limited" or "Ltd." for a public limited company and "Private Limited" or "Pvt. Ltd." for a private limited company.
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Registered Office Clause: It specifies the location where the company's registered office is situated. This office is where all official communications and notices are sent.
Objective Clause: This clause delineates the main objectives for which the company is formed. It's important to define these objectives clearly, as the company cannot undertake activities beyond those mentioned in this clause.
www.seribangash.com
Liability Clause: It outlines the extent of liability of the company's members. In the case of companies limited by shares, the liability of members is limited to the amount unpaid on their shares. For companies limited by guarantee, members' liability is limited to the amount they undertake to contribute if the company is wound up.
https://seribangash.com/promotors-is-person-conceived-formation-company/
Capital Clause: This clause specifies the authorized capital of the company, i.e., the maximum amount of share capital the company is authorized to issue. It also mentions the division of this capital into shares and their respective nominal value.
Association Clause: It simply states that the subscribers wish to form a company and agree to become members of it, in accordance with the terms of the MOA.
Importance of Memorandum of Association:
Legal Requirement: The MOA is a legal requirement for the formation of a company. It must be filed with the Registrar of Companies during the incorporation process.
Constitutional Document: It serves as the company's constitutional document, defining its scope, powers, and limitations.
Protection of Members: It protects the interests of the company's members by clearly defining the objectives and limiting their liability.
External Communication: It provides clarity to external parties, such as investors, creditors, and regulatory authorities, regarding the company's objectives and powers.
https://seribangash.com/difference-public-and-private-company-law/
Binding Authority: The company and its members are bound by the provisions of the MOA. Any action taken beyond its scope may be considered ultra vires (beyond the powers) of the company and therefore void.
Amendment of MOA:
While the MOA lays down the company's fundamental principles, it is not entirely immutable. It can be amended, but only under specific circumstances and in compliance with legal procedures. Amendments typically require shareholder
Personal Brand Statement:
As an Army veteran dedicated to lifelong learning, I bring a disciplined, strategic mindset to my pursuits. I am constantly expanding my knowledge to innovate and lead effectively. My journey is driven by a commitment to excellence, and to make a meaningful impact in the world.
Improving profitability for small businessBen Wann
In this comprehensive presentation, we will explore strategies and practical tips for enhancing profitability in small businesses. Tailored to meet the unique challenges faced by small enterprises, this session covers various aspects that directly impact the bottom line. Attendees will learn how to optimize operational efficiency, manage expenses, and increase revenue through innovative marketing and customer engagement techniques.
[Note: This is a partial preview. To download this presentation, visit:
https://www.oeconsulting.com.sg/training-presentations]
Sustainability has become an increasingly critical topic as the world recognizes the need to protect our planet and its resources for future generations. Sustainability means meeting our current needs without compromising the ability of future generations to meet theirs. It involves long-term planning and consideration of the consequences of our actions. The goal is to create strategies that ensure the long-term viability of People, Planet, and Profit.
Leading companies such as Nike, Toyota, and Siemens are prioritizing sustainable innovation in their business models, setting an example for others to follow. In this Sustainability training presentation, you will learn key concepts, principles, and practices of sustainability applicable across industries. This training aims to create awareness and educate employees, senior executives, consultants, and other key stakeholders, including investors, policymakers, and supply chain partners, on the importance and implementation of sustainability.
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
1. Develop a comprehensive understanding of the fundamental principles and concepts that form the foundation of sustainability within corporate environments.
2. Explore the sustainability implementation model, focusing on effective measures and reporting strategies to track and communicate sustainability efforts.
3. Identify and define best practices and critical success factors essential for achieving sustainability goals within organizations.
CONTENTS
1. Introduction and Key Concepts of Sustainability
2. Principles and Practices of Sustainability
3. Measures and Reporting in Sustainability
4. Sustainability Implementation & Best Practices
To download the complete presentation, visit: https://www.oeconsulting.com.sg/training-presentations
Enterprise Excellence is Inclusive Excellence.pdfKaiNexus
Enterprise excellence and inclusive excellence are closely linked, and real-world challenges have shown that both are essential to the success of any organization. To achieve enterprise excellence, organizations must focus on improving their operations and processes while creating an inclusive environment that engages everyone. In this interactive session, the facilitator will highlight commonly established business practices and how they limit our ability to engage everyone every day. More importantly, though, participants will likely gain increased awareness of what we can do differently to maximize enterprise excellence through deliberate inclusion.
What is Enterprise Excellence?
Enterprise Excellence is a holistic approach that's aimed at achieving world-class performance across all aspects of the organization.
What might I learn?
A way to engage all in creating Inclusive Excellence. Lessons from the US military and their parallels to the story of Harry Potter. How belt systems and CI teams can destroy inclusive practices. How leadership language invites people to the party. There are three things leaders can do to engage everyone every day: maximizing psychological safety to create environments where folks learn, contribute, and challenge the status quo.
Who might benefit? Anyone and everyone leading folks from the shop floor to top floor.
Dr. William Harvey is a seasoned Operations Leader with extensive experience in chemical processing, manufacturing, and operations management. At Michelman, he currently oversees multiple sites, leading teams in strategic planning and coaching/practicing continuous improvement. William is set to start his eighth year of teaching at the University of Cincinnati where he teaches marketing, finance, and management. William holds various certifications in change management, quality, leadership, operational excellence, team building, and DiSC, among others.
"𝑩𝑬𝑮𝑼𝑵 𝑾𝑰𝑻𝑯 𝑻𝑱 𝑰𝑺 𝑯𝑨𝑳𝑭 𝑫𝑶𝑵𝑬"
𝐓𝐉 𝐂𝐨𝐦𝐬 (𝐓𝐉 𝐂𝐨𝐦𝐦𝐮𝐧𝐢𝐜𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧𝐬) is a professional event agency that includes experts in the event-organizing market in Vietnam, Korea, and ASEAN countries. We provide unlimited types of events from Music concerts, Fan meetings, and Culture festivals to Corporate events, Internal company events, Golf tournaments, MICE events, and Exhibitions.
𝐓𝐉 𝐂𝐨𝐦𝐬 provides unlimited package services including such as Event organizing, Event planning, Event production, Manpower, PR marketing, Design 2D/3D, VIP protocols, Interpreter agency, etc.
Sports events - Golf competitions/billiards competitions/company sports events: dynamic and challenging
⭐ 𝐅𝐞𝐚𝐭𝐮𝐫𝐞𝐝 𝐩𝐫𝐨𝐣𝐞𝐜𝐭𝐬:
➢ 2024 BAEKHYUN [Lonsdaleite] IN HO CHI MINH
➢ SUPER JUNIOR-L.S.S. THE SHOW : Th3ee Guys in HO CHI MINH
➢FreenBecky 1st Fan Meeting in Vietnam
➢CHILDREN ART EXHIBITION 2024: BEYOND BARRIERS
➢ WOW K-Music Festival 2023
➢ Winner [CROSS] Tour in HCM
➢ Super Show 9 in HCM with Super Junior
➢ HCMC - Gyeongsangbuk-do Culture and Tourism Festival
➢ Korean Vietnam Partnership - Fair with LG
➢ Korean President visits Samsung Electronics R&D Center
➢ Vietnam Food Expo with Lotte Wellfood
"𝐄𝐯𝐞𝐫𝐲 𝐞𝐯𝐞𝐧𝐭 𝐢𝐬 𝐚 𝐬𝐭𝐨𝐫𝐲, 𝐚 𝐬𝐩𝐞𝐜𝐢𝐚𝐥 𝐣𝐨𝐮𝐫𝐧𝐞𝐲. 𝐖𝐞 𝐚𝐥𝐰𝐚𝐲𝐬 𝐛𝐞𝐥𝐢𝐞𝐯𝐞 𝐭𝐡𝐚𝐭 𝐬𝐡𝐨𝐫𝐭𝐥𝐲 𝐲𝐨𝐮 𝐰𝐢𝐥𝐥 𝐛𝐞 𝐚 𝐩𝐚𝐫𝐭 𝐨𝐟 𝐨𝐮𝐫 𝐬𝐭𝐨𝐫𝐢𝐞𝐬."
Putting the SPARK into Virtual Training.pptxCynthia Clay
This 60-minute webinar, sponsored by Adobe, was delivered for the Training Mag Network. It explored the five elements of SPARK: Storytelling, Purpose, Action, Relationships, and Kudos. Knowing how to tell a well-structured story is key to building long-term memory. Stating a clear purpose that doesn't take away from the discovery learning process is critical. Ensuring that people move from theory to practical application is imperative. Creating strong social learning is the key to commitment and engagement. Validating and affirming participants' comments is the way to create a positive learning environment.
RMD24 | Debunking the non-endemic revenue myth Marvin Vacquier Droop | First ...BBPMedia1
Marvin neemt je in deze presentatie mee in de voordelen van non-endemic advertising op retail media netwerken. Hij brengt ook de uitdagingen in beeld die de markt op dit moment heeft op het gebied van retail media voor niet-leveranciers.
Retail media wordt gezien als het nieuwe advertising-medium en ook mediabureaus richten massaal retail media-afdelingen op. Merken die niet in de betreffende winkel liggen staan ook nog niet in de rij om op de retail media netwerken te adverteren. Marvin belicht de uitdagingen die er zijn om echt aansluiting te vinden op die markt van non-endemic advertising.
1. National Academy ofAgricultural Research Management Page 1
Project Report On Poultry Farm Layer
50000 Units
Submitted By-
Sudarshan Kumar Patel(1320)
Koushik Kanti Das(1309)
Rudkrashi Durga Thilak(1316)
Kunal Chaudhari(1305)
2. National Academy ofAgricultural Research Management Page 2
Introduction-
Poultry egg and meat are important sources of high quality proteins, minerals and
vitamins to balance the human diet. Specially developed breeds of egg type
chicken are now available with an ability of quick growth and high feed conversion
efficiency. Depending on the farm-size, layer (for eggs) farming can be main
source of family income or can provide subsidiary income and gainful employment
to farmers throughout the year. Poultry manure has high fertilizer value and can be
used for increasing yield of all crops.
India is a densely populated country having predominantly agricultural economy.
Almost every part of our country is suitable for poultry farming. During the past
few years poultry industry have gained enormous potential particularly in and
around major cities and towns. The Government of India through State
Directorates of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Services have been giving thrust
on and incentives for the development of poultry industry. Development of poultry
industries may further be accelerated, if improved varieties of layers/broilers are
made available to the poultry farmers which could ensure fast growth, maximum
feed to meat/egg conversion and low mortality among the poultry birds. Therefore,
it is essential that hatcheries are set up in different areas having potential on
decentralised basis, so that poultry farmers may get high yielding varieties of chick
which in turn may give good returns to the farmers. This will not only reduce the
pressure of unemployment in rural and sub-urban areas but also help in increasing
per capita consumption of poultry meat and eggs and thus strengthen the economy
of our country. In the modern nomenclature of poultry industry, the term hatchery
covers the sector which is engaged in production and supply of one-day old chicks
by artificial incubation. A hatchery can be a part of a breeding farm or it can be a
franchiser or sub-franchiser for producing parent and day–old chicks of broilers or
layers. The term hatchery can be extended to an organisation which does not
maintain any breed stock (mating stocks) but only procures hatching eggs for
producing (supplying) day old chicks. The organisations producing day old chicks
only for replenishing their own requirements of birds are not covered under the
term hatchery.
3. National Academy ofAgricultural Research Management Page 3
Scope
Poultry and Poultry products constitute an important componentof human diet in
most of the developing countries of the world. This consumption is also increasing
at a rapid rate due to low fat content, easy availability & cost effectiveness.
Poultry is the least costalternative only next to fish & produces more of
animal protein from the same amount of feed compared to milch Cow, Sheep,
Goat & Pig.
Two eggs provide 160 calories of energy and more than 20% of the daily
requirement of proteins, Vit A, D & B12, Riboflabin, Folic acid, Pantothenic acid,
Phosphorus, Iodine along with fat.
According to Nutritional Advisory committee of India at least half an egg should
be made available to an average individual which workout to be 180 egg / annum.
Poultry farming require less area with high return than any other Animal
Husbandry and Agriculture activities.
Land topography & soil fertility is never a criteria for Poultry like Agriculture.
Poultry farming involves high grade sophisticated technology with higher
profitability for which younger generation prefer this activity as their occupation
than any other Agriculture & Allied activities.
In the primary sector, Agriculture provides about 100 to 120 days employment to
the rural poor. Scanty land holding, land fragmentation and seasonal Agriculture
are not able to provide full employment to the work-force which in turn creates
unemployment in disguise. Poultry farming can be a viable option for rural poorto
overcome the issue.
Input Required
4. National Academy ofAgricultural Research Management Page 4
Civil Structures
Poultry Sheds
Store room
Egg room
Office room
Quarters for staff
Others
Equipment/Plant and machinery
i) Brooders
ii) Feeders
iii) Waterers
iv) Cages
v) Generator
vi) Feed grinder and mixer
vii) Debeaker
viii) Vaccinator
ix) Fridge/Deep Freezer
x) Truck/van/Jeep
Housing
i) Type of housing Deep Litter/Cage/Slat
ii) Area required (sft./bird)
Birds
i) Proposed strain
ii) No. of birds to be purchased
iii) Age of the birds
iv) Source of birds
v) Costof birds (Rs. per bird)
vi) Vaccination of purchased birds
vii) Proposed programme of replacement
f) Production parameters
i) Number of eggs produced
5. National Academy ofAgricultural Research Management Page 5
ii) Feed efficiency (kg of feed/No. of eggs produced)
iii) Mortality (%)
Feeding
Water
On-going Government Schemes
1. An ambitious programme have been taken up by Govt. to produce100 lakh
eggs/day within a 5 years of time and Govt. supports and assistance are
available to establish large and medium layer farms.
2. State Govt. farms are in the process ofstrengthen to meet the requirement of
D.O.C. of low input technology birds for backyard farming in the State –
Contact Director, AH & VS, Orissa, Cuttack.
3. Self Help Groups formed in the State are given opportunity to start poultry
farming through assistance of Govt. Departments – Contact DRDAs / ITDAs
/ W & CD / ST & SC Department.
4. Promotion of large and medium scale poultry farming through Agri
entrepreneurs schemes – Contact APICOL / Krushi Sahayak Kendras.
5. Strengthening of OPOLFEDto take up marketing – Contact OPOLFED.
6. Women Poultry Projects to promote backyard poultry farming in the State
through STEP programme.
7. Skill up-gradation through training programme – Contact Director, AH &
VS, Orissa, Cuttack.
8. Development of entrepreneurship is under process – ContactDirector, AH &
VS, Orissa, Cuttack.
9. Promote cluster farming – Contact DRDAs / ITDAs.
10.Promote split operation practice in layer farming.
11.Promoting integration in broiler and layer farming- contact Suguna / Eastern
Hatcheries / Japfa
12.Venture capital fund- contact NABARD.
The issues alreadyaddressedby Govt. to support poultry development in the
State
6. National Academy ofAgricultural Research Management Page 6
1. Orissa becomes 1st State to declare poultry as agriculture.
2. Poultry farming has been treated as priority sector of lending by the
financing institutions.
3. A clear cut guideline formulated by State Pollution Control Board to ease
poultry farming in the State.
4. Exemption of VAT on egg, meat & poultry feed and feed supplements.
5. Govt. land can be leased out for poultry farming as per O.G.L.S. Act.
6. Poultry insurance premium has been reduced.
7. 20% capital investment subsidy to a maximum of 20 lakhs is provided by
APICOL for promotion of poultry farming.
8. Steps have been initiated to produce100 Lakh eggs per day within coming 5
years.
9. Action Plan to increase the maize production in the State has been prepared.
10.State level Apex Committee has been constituted to look into various
impediments of poultry sector.
The issues under active considerationatGovt. level for poultry development
in the State-
1. Reduction of electricity tariff rate for poultry farming.
2. Exemption of poultry industry from labour act.
3. Exemption of VAT on maize and broken rice.
4. Exemption of entry tax on egg and poultry meat.
5. Planning to increase the storage capacity of maize crop in the State.
Goal: Production of 100 lakh eggs per day by 2010.
Output Market Scope and strategy
India is the third largest producer of table eggs in numbers after China and US.
It has recently overtaken Mexico, which was the third largest egg producer.
Commercial layers in India are predominately white (>95 per cent). Few
brown layers introduced could not maintain the market share due to higher
feed intake and no price advantage for brown eggs.
Layer birds bred and adapted to Indian climate, feed and the market situation
holds the largest share. International brands like Bovans, Lohmann and Hyline
are also present in the market. The grandparents (GP) of the multinational
brands are imported and multiplied.
7. National Academy ofAgricultural Research Management Page 7
Layer chick placements remained constant for three years between 2004 and
2006 due to bird flu but have been going up steadily since. The placement of
layer chicks was about 140 million in 2002 which rose to 220 million by 2012.
All commercial layer birds are in cages. Three-tier California cages in raised
floor houses are common. Due to environment issues and the pressure of
expansion, closed housed with multi-tier cages, mechanised egg collection,
automatic feeding and manure-drying are being examined for their economic
viability. The individual house capacity is usually 100,000 birds.
Around 70 per cent of the layer farming is in the southern states. The lower
land prices and grain prices as well as less variation in seasonal climates are
the reasons for the distribution. Separate brood/grow facilities situated in the
closed vicinity is the order of the day. The growing areas are used on 'all in, all
out' basis. Layer flocks are mostly in multi-age group farms.
The number of vaccinations for the layers have been going up with growing
awareness of new diseases and new variants of the same disease. Many
vaccines are imported but there are vaccine manufacturing companies in India.
Bivalent Marek’s vaccines are prevalent, yet “Rispens” is not permitted for
use. India does not vaccinate against highly pathogenic avian influenza (AI)
but rather practices a 'stamping-out' policy in case out outbreaks. There is
government monitoring system for AI guided by OIE regulations.
Least-cost formulations are used to feed layer birds and there is a constant
search for cheaper, unconventional feed materials. Feed prices fluctuate during
the year, with the grain becoming cheaper during the harvest and more
expensive again just before the beginning of the crop season. Many layer
farmers concentrate on bulk purchase of grains in season to save costs. More
than one grain is being used. Most layer feeds are low-energy rations, having
around 2,400 kcal of energy.
The eggs are being sold in numbers. Grading, packing and branding is not
widespread. Few attempts to sell them as graded and value-added eggs have
not been very successful due to limited cost-effectiveness in pricing and
volume of sales.
Layer farming is concentrated around few areas and lot of eggs move from
place to place within the country. Various state governments are moving to
enhance the local availability of eggs by giving incentives to farming. Exports
of table eggs went up during 2002-2004 but is not increasing due to trade
restrictions from the buying countries. India has half a dozen egg powder
plants exporting egg powder. Many state governments are implementing
midday meal schemes and serve eggs in the menu for the school children. Eggs
are also served as a part of the hospital food. Eggs and bread is the popular
“fast-food”, which enhances the consumption of eggs enormously.
8. National Academy ofAgricultural Research Management Page 8
With good farming practices, production is up to 320 eggs per hen housed in a
365-day laying cycle. The average production of hen is calculated at 300 eggs
per hen housed.
Per-capita consumption of eggs has gone up from 36 in 2002 to 48 in 2012.
Social and environmental appraisal
1) High-rise cage houses generally have poorerair quality and emit more
ammonia than manure belt (MB) cage houses.
2) Manure removal frequency in MB houses greatly affects ammonia
emissions.
3) More baseline data on air emissions from high-rise and MB houses are being
collected in the United States to complement earlier measurements.
4) Noncage houses generally have poorerair quality (ammonia and dust levels)
than cage houses.
5) Noncage houses tend to be colder during cold weather due to a lower
stocking density than caged houses, leading to greater feed and fuel energy
use.
6) Hen manure on open (free) range may be subject to runoff during rainfall,
although quantitative data are lacking.
Which Agency to approach for financing the
project
NABARD
9. National Academy ofAgricultural Research Management Page 9
SWOT Analysis
Strength:
Shorter gestation period.
Favourable Government policy measures.
Good network of AH institutions.
Opportunity:
Increasing demand of egg.
Availability of land at an affordable price.
Weakness:
Price fluctuation.
Highly capital intensive.
Slow adoption of automation in production system.
Threat:
Outbreak of disease like “Bird Flu”.
WTO: exposing the local industry to open competition.
Learning from the exercise
The conceptualthings learnt from this PROJECT REPORT OF POULTRY
Farm-Layer 50,000 units of exercise are early profitable as compared to
other type of business sectors.
We calculated NPV, BC- Ratio, IRR , Payback Period and explicitly we
have got an Idea that at which time we can expect profit and even pay back
period in times of heavy competitions .
10. National Academy ofAgricultural Research Management Page 10
Calculations
On the basis of 10000 layers each year for 5 years we have calculated the NPV,
PBP,CBRATIO, IRR.
Total cost=Rs2380000
NPV=Rs 5477500
Payback Period= 1Year 8 monthes 27 days
BCR= 3.301
IRR=39.77%
All the calculations are attached with exel file.