The document discusses guidance and counseling in education. It defines guidance as a process of assisting individuals in their development and helping them solve problems. Counseling is defined as a specialized service involving a helping relationship. The document outlines the need for guidance due to psychological, sociological and educational reasons. It describes the types of guidance as educational, vocational, personal, social, avocational and health guidance. Counseling involves establishing rapport, communication and understanding to help individuals address emotional and social problems. The key difference between guidance and counseling outlined is that guidance is a broader comprehensive process that can be delivered in groups, while counseling addresses personal problems and mental health issues through individual consultation sessions.

3. GUIDANCE AND COUNSELLING
PRESENTED BY
OM VERMA
ASSISTANT PROFESSOR
RELIANCE INSTITUTE OF NURSING

4. GUIDANCE
INTRODUCTION
Guidance and counselling have, in all places,
been a vital aspects of higher education. One of
the purposes of education is to help the individual
in becoming a useful member of society. If an
individual receives education without proper
guidance and counseling, he is not able to develop
his personality fully.

5. MEANING OF GUIDANCE
1.Some form of help and assistance given to an
individual to solve their problems.
2.Guidance as the promotion of the growth of
the individual in self-direction.
3.Guidance helps the individuals to adjust to the
environment.

7. DEFINITION
1.Guidance as a process through which an
individual is able to solve their problems and
pursue a path suited to their abilities and
aspirations.
JM Brewer.
2.Guidance is a continuous process of helping the
individual development in the maximum of their
capacity in the direction most beneficial to
himself and to society
- Stoops and wahlquist.

8. 3.Guidance is an educational service designed to
help students make more effective use of the
schools training programme.
- Educational point of view

9. NEEDS FOR GUIDANCE
Guidance based upon the fact, human being
needs help. Every one needs assistance at
sometime in his life, some will need it
constantly while others used in only at rare.
the following threeThese reasons are of
kinds,
a)Psychological reasons
b)Sociological reasons
c)Educational reasons

10. A. PSYCHOLOGICAL REASONS
Different Stage of
1. Individual Differences
2. Guidance Needs at
Development
3. Development of Health Personality
4. Making the Most of Available Opportunities

11. B. SOCIOLOGICAL REASONS
1) Guidance is need for Proper Use of Human
energy
2) Guide and changes in religious and moral belief
3) Guidance and extension of democracy
4) Lack of Guidance at home

12. C.EDUCATIONAL REASONS
1) To help in traditional of student
2) To help in proper choice of courses
3) To help in proper choice of careers
4) To minimize wastage
5) To help exceptional children

15. ELEMENTS OF GUIDANCE
 It focus our attention on the individual and not the
problem.
 Guidance leads to the discovery of abilities of an
individual.
 Guidance is based upon the assets and limitations of
an individual.
 Guidance leads to self- development and self-
directions.
 Guidance helps the individual to plan wisely for the
present and the future.
 Guidance assists the individual to become adjusted
to the environment.
 Guidance assists to achieve success and happiness.

16. CHARACTERISTICS OF GUIDANCE
1.It helps every individual to help himself to
recognize and use his inner resources,
 To set goals

 his own problems of
To make plans
To work out
development.
2.It is a continuous process
3.Choice and problem points are the distinctive
concerns of guidance.

17. 4.It is assistance to the individual in the process
of development.
Aim: To develop the capacity for
Self direction
Self guidance
Self improvement
5.Guidance is a service meant for all: It is a
regular service, which is required at every
stage for every student.
6. It is both generalized and a specialized
service.
7.It enables the individuals to take decisions to
grow independently.

18. TYPES OF GUIDANCE
1. Educational Guidance
2. Vocational Guidance
3. Personal Guidance
4. Social Guidance
5. Avocational Guidance
6. Health Guidance

20. EDUCATIONAL GUIDANCE
is a process of assisting the individual student to
reach optimum educational development. It is a sort
of guidance that is only rendered to the student
community
VOCATIONAL GUIDANCE is assistance in choosing a
career or profession or in making employment or
training decisions. An example of vocational
guidance is a meeting with a consultant who helps
people figure out what a good job would be for them
based on their skills and qualifications.

21. PERSONAL GUIDANCE may be defined as the
assistance given to the individual to solve his
emotional, social, ethical and moral as well as
health problems. Hence personal
guidance deals with all those problems of life
which are not covered under educational and
vocational guidance.
SOCIAL GUIDANCE was established at the
Deanship of Student Affairs to provide the necessary
psychosocial support services for university students in
general and for students with special needs in order to
develop the personality of the student in all its aspects.

22. AVOCATIONAL GUIDANCE we understand
systematic direction of children . ... This is the
principle which underlies the justification
of avocational guid- ance. It recognizes the broader
aim of self-realization with the aim of efficiency.
HEALTH GUIDANCE makes recommendations for
populations and individuals on activities, policies
and strategies that can help prevent disease or
improve health

23. GUIDACE GIVEN BY FOLLOWING PERSONNEL
1.Teacher
2.Advisor
3.Dean
4.Parents
5.Library staff
6.Medical staff
7.Warden
8.Liasion officer
9.Physical education instructor
10.Counsellors.
11.Psychiatrists
12.Psychologists.

24. COUNSELLING

25. COUNSELLING
MEANING OF COUNSELLING
Counseling is a specialized service of guidance, and
it is an enabling process designed to help through
learning to take responsibility and to make
decisions for himself / herself.
It is a helping relationship which includes-
 Someone seeking help
 Someone willing to give help
 Capable or trained to help
 In a setting that permits, help to be given and
received.
‘Counselling’ denotes, “Giving of advice”.

26. Definition
The provision of professional
assistance and guidance in resolving
personal or psychological problems.

27. DEFINITION
“Counselling is a method that helps the client to
use a problem- solving process to recognize and
manage stress and that facilitates interpersonal
relationships among client, family and health
care team”.

29. BASIC COMPONENT OF COUNSELLING
1.Rapport
2.Communication
3.Understanding
4.Change in feeling and expressions
5.Planning of counseling interview

30. NEED OF COUNSELLING
Bragdon has mentioned the following
situations where counselling is required.
• When a pupil requires not only reliable
information but also an interesting
interpretation of those information which can
solve his personal difficulties.
• When a pupil needs intelligent listener who has
more experience than the pupil, to whom he
can recite his difficulties.

31. • When the pupil has some problem but he is
unaware of that problem, he is to be made
aware of that problem.
• When the pupil suffers the main mal-
adjustment problem or some handicap which
is temporary and which needs careful long
due to diagnosis by an expert.

32. LEVELS OF COUNSELLING
There are three levels of counselling
1.Informal counselling
2.Non – specialist counselling
3.Professional counselling

33. ELEMENTS OF COUNSELLING
According to cattle
1.Rapport with the counselee.
2.Communication between the counselor and the
counsellee.
3.Counselor's through background of the
counselling process
4.Counsellee’s changes in the feelings as
counselling proceeds and progresses through
Various stages.
5.Structured counselling interview.

34. CHARACTERISTICS OF COUNSELLING
 It is a purposeful learning experience for the
counsellee.
 It is the purposeful oriented and private interview
between the counselor and counsellee
 Based on mutual confidence satisfactory
relationship will be establish
 Counselling process is structured around the felt
needs of the counsellee.
Main emphasis in the counselling process is on the
counsellee’s self-direction and self acceptance.
 It is only one aspect of guidance

35. MEDIA OF COUNSELLING
1) Regional centers
2) Study centers
3) Face to face contact
4) interview
5) Letters
6) Phones
7) Radio
8) Televisions
9) Broad cast
10)Computers
11)Teleconference

36. COUNSELLING PROCEDURE
Williamson and Darley have mention six steps
of counselling procedure.
1. Analysis
2. Synthesis
3. Diagnosis
4. Prognosis
5. Counseling
6. Follow up

37. TYPES OF COUNSELLING
1. Directive Counselling
2. Non Directive Counselling / client centred
Counselling
3. Short Term Counselling
4. Long Term Counselling
5. Psychological counselling
6. Clinical Counselling
7. Student Counselling
8. Placement Counselling

38. 9) Marriage Counselling
10) Vocational counselling
11) Psycho therapeutic counselling
12) Individual Counselling
13) Group counselling
14) Behavioral counselling
15) Dietary counselling
16) Motivational counselling

39. 17)Interpersonal counselling
18)Problem solving counselling
19)Educational counselling
20)Personal counselling
21)Moral, religious and social counselling
22)Counselling in leisure time
23)Self help group counselling
24)peer group counselling

40. TECHNIQUES OF COUNSELLING
Williamson described the Techniques of
couselling under the following five headings.
1.Establishing Rapport
2.Cultivating self understanding
3.Advising and planning a programme of action
a) Direct Advising
b) Persuasive method
4.Explanatory method
5.Referral to other personnel workers

41. PHASES OF COUNSELLING
The counselling divided in five phases
Establishing
Relationship
Phase 1
Assessment
Phase 2
Phase 3
Settings Goals
Intervention
Phase 4
Termination &
Follow-up
Phase 5

51. QUALITIES OF A COUNSELLOR
1. Interpersonalrelationship
• Friendly nature
• Fairness
• Sincerity
• Tactfulness
• Patience
• Ability to maintain confidentiality
• Respect clients abilities
• Attentive listener
• Speaks in client language
• Capacity for being trusted by others.

52. 2.Personal Adjustment
• Show matured behavior
• Maintain emotional stability
• Flexibility and adaptability
• Aware of one’s limitations.
• Able to accept criticism
• Mentally sound
• Knowledge of self

53. 3.Scholastic potentiality and educational
background
• Should be motivated and committed.
• Aware of polices, beliefs, and misconceptions
existing with in the local community.
• Highly cultured social interests
• Capacity for work
• Intelligent to tackle the situations effectively
• Positive interest
• He will have master degree in the essential
area of guidance programme
• Ability to work with people.

54. 4.Health and personal appearance
• Pleasing voice
• Pleasing appearance
• Freedom from annoying mannerisms.
• Neatness.
5.Leader ship
• Ability to lead other
• Reinforce important information
• Guidence the counsellee to choose
appropriate method for problem solving.

55. 6.Philosophy of life
• Good character
• Positive philosophy of life
• Integrated personality
• Faith in human value
• Show significant spiritual and religious values.
7.Professional dedication
• Possess vocation interest and interest in
guidance work.
• Show loyalty, enthusiasm to provide service for
student
• Willing to work beyond call of duty.

63. ORGANIZING GUIDANCE AND COUNSELING
PROG. IN NSG. EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS
PURPOSES
To help adolescents with normal
developmental problem
To help individuals through temporary crisis
To identify signs of disturbed
To refer cases needing specialist treatment
To facilitate communication with in and
between the nursing school, home and the
resources
To support tutors who are helping individuals.

70. DIFFERENCE BETWEEN GUIDANCE AND COUNSELING
S.No GUIDANCE COUNSELLING
1.
2.
3.
4.
It is a comprehensive process
It can be in individual as well as in group
It is concerned with educational,
vocational and others problem along
with personal problem
Any person can provide through the
magazines, books and correspondence
It is an integral part of guidance.
Counseling of one individual is possible at a
time
It usually helps in solving the problems of
mental health and emotions.
In counseling, the role of mutual
consultation and reasoning is very
important.

74. THANK U