This document discusses sustainable design for green buildings and urban habitats. It notes that population growth and increased resource use have led to environmental degradation through pollution, greenhouse gas emissions, and habitat destruction. All of these factors are straining the Earth's carrying capacity. Sustainable development aims to meet current needs without compromising future generations by designing buildings that reduce energy and resource consumption through techniques like passive solar design, use of local and recycled materials, and water conservation.
It is all about sustainable buildings or green buildings and a brief study of some sustainable building materials we can use for making a building sustainable and green.
Understanding what sustainability means, the term, with respect to construction materials.
This is primarily relevant for India but is also informative for international scenarios,
It is all about sustainable buildings or green buildings and a brief study of some sustainable building materials we can use for making a building sustainable and green.
Understanding what sustainability means, the term, with respect to construction materials.
This is primarily relevant for India but is also informative for international scenarios,
Green buildings and Griha norms giving information related to how much water can be saved and the points allocated by Griha for satisfying water related norms.
Green building rating system equire an integrated design process to create projects that are environmentally responsible and resource-efficient throughout a building's life-cycle: from siting to design, construction, operation, maintenance, renovation, and demolition
SUSTAINABLE, ENERGY EFFICIENT BUILDING MATERIALS AND TECHNOLOGIESSamanth kumar
SUSTAINABLE, ENERGY EFFICIENT BUILDING MATERIALS AND TECHNOLOGIES, M.ARCH (ENVIRONMENTAL ARCHITECTURE) ANNA UNIVERSITY SECOND SEMESTEREnergy Efficient Construction Technology
➔ Filler Slab
➔ Rat trap Bond
➔ Technologies developed by CBRI
➔ Traditional Building Construction Technologies
➔ Concept of Resource rescue,
➔ Concept of Recycled content,
➔ Concept of Regional materials,
➔ Energy Efficiency
➔ Energy Conservation
➔ Recourse Consumption
➔ Distribution of Energy use in India
➔ Factors affecting the Energy use in Buildings
➔ Pre Building Stage, Construction Stage & Post Occupancy stages
➔ Concept of Embodied Energy
➔ Energy needs in Production of Materials
➔ Transportation Energy
➔ Concept of light footprint on Environment
Green buildings are Eco-friendly, resource efficient and are very energy efficient. They are more comfortable and easier to live with due to low operating and owning costs.
This presentation consists of brief introduction about green buildings, their design and benefits.
Best Regards:
Engr. Muhammad Ali Rehman
sustainable achitecture - introduction - design - need for it - elements - green roof , solar shingles , rain harvesting , cob houses - techniques - examples
I came to know regarding this competition from rediff.com
The idea of Energy Efficient design is
to modulate the conditions such that they
are always within or as close as possible to
comfort zone.Modulations introduced by the
landscape,built form,envelope,materials and
other control measures bring the conditions
within the range throughout twenty four hours
cycle.
This is goal of Energy Efficient Architecture
Buildings, as they are designed and used today, contribute to serious environmental and economical problems because of excessive consumption of energy and other natural resources. The close connection between energy use in buildings and environmental damage arises because energy-intensive and monetarily expensive solutions sought to construct a building and meet its demands for heating, cooling, ventilation, and lighting cause severe depletion of invaluable environmental resources
Energy resource efficiency in new constructions
can be effected by adopting an
Integrated Approach To Building Design.
Presentation focuses on the context, intent, content, design, construction, operation, maintenance and advantages of green buildings in reducing consumption of energy and resources and generation of waste to make, human settlements in general and our earth in particular, most livable and sustainable by reducing carbon footprints of built environment.
amount of energy used is equal to amount of renewable energy created on the site
reduce carbon emissions & reduce dependence on fossil fuels
Buildings that produce a surplus of energy over the year are called “Energy Surplus Buildings”
During the last 20 years more than 200 reputable projects claiming net zero energy balance have been realized all over the world.
NZEB buildings consequently contribute less overall greenhouse gas to the atmosphere than similar non-ZNE buildings. They do at times consume non-renewable energy and produce greenhouse gases, but at other times reduce energy consumption and greenhouse gas production elsewhere by the same amount. Traditional buildings consume 40% of the total fossil fuel energy in all over the world and are significant contributors of greenhouse gases.
Sustainable architecture is architecture that seeks to minimize the negative environmental impact of buildings by efficiency and moderation in the use of materials, energy, and development space.
Sustainable architecture uses a conscious approach to energy and ecological conservation in the design of the built environment.
The idea of sustainability, or ecological design, is to ensure that our actions and decisions today do not inhibit the opportunities of future generations.
Green buildings and Griha norms giving information related to how much water can be saved and the points allocated by Griha for satisfying water related norms.
Green building rating system equire an integrated design process to create projects that are environmentally responsible and resource-efficient throughout a building's life-cycle: from siting to design, construction, operation, maintenance, renovation, and demolition
SUSTAINABLE, ENERGY EFFICIENT BUILDING MATERIALS AND TECHNOLOGIESSamanth kumar
SUSTAINABLE, ENERGY EFFICIENT BUILDING MATERIALS AND TECHNOLOGIES, M.ARCH (ENVIRONMENTAL ARCHITECTURE) ANNA UNIVERSITY SECOND SEMESTEREnergy Efficient Construction Technology
➔ Filler Slab
➔ Rat trap Bond
➔ Technologies developed by CBRI
➔ Traditional Building Construction Technologies
➔ Concept of Resource rescue,
➔ Concept of Recycled content,
➔ Concept of Regional materials,
➔ Energy Efficiency
➔ Energy Conservation
➔ Recourse Consumption
➔ Distribution of Energy use in India
➔ Factors affecting the Energy use in Buildings
➔ Pre Building Stage, Construction Stage & Post Occupancy stages
➔ Concept of Embodied Energy
➔ Energy needs in Production of Materials
➔ Transportation Energy
➔ Concept of light footprint on Environment
Green buildings are Eco-friendly, resource efficient and are very energy efficient. They are more comfortable and easier to live with due to low operating and owning costs.
This presentation consists of brief introduction about green buildings, their design and benefits.
Best Regards:
Engr. Muhammad Ali Rehman
sustainable achitecture - introduction - design - need for it - elements - green roof , solar shingles , rain harvesting , cob houses - techniques - examples
I came to know regarding this competition from rediff.com
The idea of Energy Efficient design is
to modulate the conditions such that they
are always within or as close as possible to
comfort zone.Modulations introduced by the
landscape,built form,envelope,materials and
other control measures bring the conditions
within the range throughout twenty four hours
cycle.
This is goal of Energy Efficient Architecture
Buildings, as they are designed and used today, contribute to serious environmental and economical problems because of excessive consumption of energy and other natural resources. The close connection between energy use in buildings and environmental damage arises because energy-intensive and monetarily expensive solutions sought to construct a building and meet its demands for heating, cooling, ventilation, and lighting cause severe depletion of invaluable environmental resources
Energy resource efficiency in new constructions
can be effected by adopting an
Integrated Approach To Building Design.
Presentation focuses on the context, intent, content, design, construction, operation, maintenance and advantages of green buildings in reducing consumption of energy and resources and generation of waste to make, human settlements in general and our earth in particular, most livable and sustainable by reducing carbon footprints of built environment.
amount of energy used is equal to amount of renewable energy created on the site
reduce carbon emissions & reduce dependence on fossil fuels
Buildings that produce a surplus of energy over the year are called “Energy Surplus Buildings”
During the last 20 years more than 200 reputable projects claiming net zero energy balance have been realized all over the world.
NZEB buildings consequently contribute less overall greenhouse gas to the atmosphere than similar non-ZNE buildings. They do at times consume non-renewable energy and produce greenhouse gases, but at other times reduce energy consumption and greenhouse gas production elsewhere by the same amount. Traditional buildings consume 40% of the total fossil fuel energy in all over the world and are significant contributors of greenhouse gases.
Sustainable architecture is architecture that seeks to minimize the negative environmental impact of buildings by efficiency and moderation in the use of materials, energy, and development space.
Sustainable architecture uses a conscious approach to energy and ecological conservation in the design of the built environment.
The idea of sustainability, or ecological design, is to ensure that our actions and decisions today do not inhibit the opportunities of future generations.
Beijing Energy Network Talk on Integrated Building DesignGeoffrey Lewis
Short overview of the opportunity for green buildings to reduce carbon emissions, why more green buildings are not being built, and why integrated design is the way forward.
In this hour-long presentation led by rd+d Editorial Director Joe Carbonara, our expert panel:
Discussed key planning, design and building considerations to help make any restaurant more environmentally friendly
Explored the benefits of pursuing green designations such as LEED
Outlined best practices for determining which options will help the restaurant achieve its green goals without compromising the brand promise
Dan Leeming of the Planning Partnership provides an introduction to sustainable community design for the CaGBC Certified Sustainable Building Advisor Program in Toronto.
This slide is a presentation during 15th International Surveyors' Congress on 28 Jun 2013 @ Hotel Istana, KL. Its demonstrates the role of BS in GBI. It doesn't mean exclusively done by BS, but just highlighting the relevant competency.
This presentation was presented in 'The Lahore Project' Monthly Discussion Forum on Environment, introducing the scope of the sector, key concepts, issues and strategies for a sustainable urban ecology by Rafia Kamal, on 21st Aug.2013 at Dabistan-e-Iqbal, (2-S, Gulberg II) Lahore.
Understanding true meaning of Sustainability on the basis of Adopt-Assess-Mitigate principles. The PPT highlights action to taken by all those professionals related to construction industry. Sustainability assessment during the Pre-construction phase of building's life cycle and carbon spike phenomenon is dealt with.
This course on sustainable construction materials aims to serve those professionals involved in construction in order to help them assist in achieving a sustainable environment.
In addition to covering some fundamental properties of traditional construction materials that are used in construction, this course devotes concepts to sustainability, including life-cycle assessment, embodied energy, recycled and reclaimed aggregates, and durability of construction materials.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Students, digital devices and success - Andreas Schleicher - 27 May 2024..pptxEduSkills OECD
Andreas Schleicher presents at the OECD webinar ‘Digital devices in schools: detrimental distraction or secret to success?’ on 27 May 2024. The presentation was based on findings from PISA 2022 results and the webinar helped launch the PISA in Focus ‘Managing screen time: How to protect and equip students against distraction’ https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/education/managing-screen-time_7c225af4-en and the OECD Education Policy Perspective ‘Students, digital devices and success’ can be found here - https://oe.cd/il/5yV
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
Ethnobotany and Ethnopharmacology:
Ethnobotany in herbal drug evaluation,
Impact of Ethnobotany in traditional medicine,
New development in herbals,
Bio-prospecting tools for drug discovery,
Role of Ethnopharmacology in drug evaluation,
Reverse Pharmacology.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
This is a presentation by Dada Robert in a Your Skill Boost masterclass organised by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan (EFSS) on Saturday, the 25th and Sunday, the 26th of May 2024.
He discussed the concept of quality improvement, emphasizing its applicability to various aspects of life, including personal, project, and program improvements. He defined quality as doing the right thing at the right time in the right way to achieve the best possible results and discussed the concept of the "gap" between what we know and what we do, and how this gap represents the areas we need to improve. He explained the scientific approach to quality improvement, which involves systematic performance analysis, testing and learning, and implementing change ideas. He also highlighted the importance of client focus and a team approach to quality improvement.
How to Split Bills in the Odoo 17 POS ModuleCeline George
Bills have a main role in point of sale procedure. It will help to track sales, handling payments and giving receipts to customers. Bill splitting also has an important role in POS. For example, If some friends come together for dinner and if they want to divide the bill then it is possible by POS bill splitting. This slide will show how to split bills in odoo 17 POS.
We all have good and bad thoughts from time to time and situation to situation. We are bombarded daily with spiraling thoughts(both negative and positive) creating all-consuming feel , making us difficult to manage with associated suffering. Good thoughts are like our Mob Signal (Positive thought) amidst noise(negative thought) in the atmosphere. Negative thoughts like noise outweigh positive thoughts. These thoughts often create unwanted confusion, trouble, stress and frustration in our mind as well as chaos in our physical world. Negative thoughts are also known as “distorted thinking”.
Green building design for sustainable urban habitats
1. Green Building Design for
Sustainable Urban Habitats
28 June ‘12
Dr. N. Sai Bhaskar Reddy Sustainable Habitat Management for
20-11-2012
Chief Executive Officer [CEO], Clean Development
GEOECOLOGY ENERGY ORGANISATION [GEO] 20 – 22 Nov 2012
CCCEA, Dr. MCR Human Resource Development
http://e-geo.org Institute of AP, Hyderabad
2. Since the Industrial • incalculable technological achievements
Revolution the
• population growth
world has
• corresponding increases in resource use
witnessed
global Resource ozone
pollution landfills toxic waste deforestation
warming depletion depletion
All these efforts are straining the limits of the Earth’s “carrying
capacity”— its ability to provide the resources required to sustain
life while retaining the capacity to regenerate and remain viable.
3. Sustainability
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
Development that meets the needs of the present
without compromising the ability of future
generations to meet their own needs
(The Brundtland Commission,1987)
6. Materialization Dematerialization
Pollution, rapidly increasing GHG Environmental awareness, political
Environmental degradation (burden)
emissions, health problems, widespread action, policy formulation and
habitat destruction, permanent damage implementation, national and global
to natural capital sustainable development commitments.
Economic growth
The Kuznets Curve (adopted, notably by the World Bank)
9. Approaches to energy efficient housing
• Vernacular approach to design (passive architecture, local
materials, use of local labor): Low income/low cost housing and
mass housing programmes of the government; certain pockets in
India (Kerala and Auroville)
• Adoption of Energy conservation building code in envelope
design, labelled appliances for households; particularly applicable
to middle and high income group housing
• Green rated housing : Energy and resource efficiency looked at
holistically in addition to indoor environmental quality and societal
issues
10. Use of low embodied energy technologies for housing
11. Works of Charles Correa : Architectural expressions with
dominance of natural climate control measures
Orientation and shading as per
solar geometry
Excellent ventilation
Courtyard design and use of
mature tree for shading Design for daytime and nighttime use
12. Sustainability and the Construction
Industry
'Sustainability' is becoming a central concern for us all out of
wider recognition that rising populations and economic
development are threatening the degradation of the
earth's resources.
The construction, maintenance and use of buildings impacts
substantially on our environment and is currently
contributing significantly to irreversible changes in the
world's climate, atmosphere and ecosystem.
Buildings are by far the greatest producers of harmful gases
such as CO2 and this 'eco-footprint' can only increase with
the large population growth predicted to occur by 2050 and
the industrialization of the developing world.
13. How the Construction Industry can move
towards Sustainable Development
– Energy: reducing energy consumption, being
more energy efficient and using renewable
energy and 'alternative technology'.
– Materials: Choosing, using, re-using and
recycling materials during
design, manufacture, construction and
maintenance to reduce resource requirements.
– Waste: Producing less waste and recycling more.
– Pollution: Producing less toxicity, water, noise
and spatial pollution.
14. Aspects of building material adoptio
Natural
Social
Economical
Political
Cultural
Historical
Environmental
15. Building Industry- Facts
Population Vegetation
Climate Air Quality
Construction
Watersheds Transportation
1/6 of the world’s 1/4 of world’s 2/5 of world’s
freshwater withdrawals wood harvest material & energy flows
16. Environmental and Economic Impacts of
Buildings
Fresh Water Withdrawals 16
Timber Harvest 25
Raw Materials Consumption 30
Global CO2 Emissions 35
Global Energy Use 40
Municipal Solid Waste to Landfills 40
50
Ozone depleting CFCs in Use
0 10 20 30 40 50
Percentage
Compiled from:Worldwatch Paper #124
17. Application of Sustainability
Pre-Design On-Site Design Construction O&M
Material Selection
Environmentally
Building Program Site Analysis Maintenance Plans
& Assessment Conscious
Project Budget Indoor Quality
Site Development Construction
Team Selection Energy Efficiency
& Layout Preservation of
Partnering Passive Solar Resource Efficienc
Watershed Features &
Project Schedule Design Renovation
Management & Vegetation
Laws, Codes Materials & Housekeeping &
Conservation Waste Mgmt
& Standards Specification Custodial Practices
Site Material IAQ Issues
Research Indoor Air
& Equipment Source Control
Site Selection Quality
Practices
18. How does the Construction Industry
consume Energy?
• Consider the 'embodied' energy in every brick in every
structure. Every brick has used energy at every stage in its
production and use.
• Energy is consumed when:
– Extracting raw materials.
– Producing materials (Manufacturing process).
– Transporting materials.
– Transporting workforce.
– Building structures.
– Using and powering structures.
– Maintaining structures and demolishing structures.
19. Materials
• Around 50% of all global resources go into the construction
industry, with a specific example being that 70% of all timber
is used for building.
• It is therefore very important that a sustainable approach to
choosing and using materials is adopted.
• The environmental and economic benefits of sustainability are
inherently linked when considering building materials, due to
the long-term financial advantages of recycling, using recycled
products and sourcing heavy materials locally.
• Life-Cycle Assessment, Eco-Labelling and Embodied Energy
Audits all of which can help choosing materials and assess the
balance between short-term costs and long-term
environmental, social and financial benefits.
20. How to Choose and Use Materials in a
more Sustainable way
• Considerations to take into account when re-evaluating the way in which materials
are used in construction:
– What reserves are left of our materials, and how can their complete
successive depletion be prevented?
– What are the pollution impacts of the manufacturing process involved with
creating new materials?
– How can existing materials be recycled (roof tiles, bricks, timber, etc.) and can
they be designed and used in a way more conducive to re-use?
– How much energy is consumed in the transport of materials? (try sourcing
heavy, bulky materials locally and lightweight materials globally).
– Can more prefabricated components be used? (reduces waste and dust on
site).
– How can more low maintenance materials be used in order to reduce further
energy and resource use in the future of the building?
21. Indian vernacular architecture
Is the informal, functional architecture of structures, often in
rural areas, of India, built of local materials and designed to
meet the needs of the local people. The builders of these
structures are unschooled in formal architectural design and
their work reflects the rich diversity of India's climate, locally
available building materials, and the intricate variations in local
social customs and craftsmanship. It has been estimated that
worldwide close to 90% of all building is vernacular, meaning
that it is for daily use for ordinary, local people and built by local
craftsmen.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_vernacular_architecture
22. Building indoor environment covers the
environmental aspects in the
design, analysis, and operation of energy-
efficient, healthy, and comfortable buildings.
Fields of specialization include
thermal indoor air
architecture, HVAC design,
comfort, quality (IAQ),
control
lighting, acoustics,
systems
Indoor environment
23. Environmental Condition(s) Symptoms
• Ergonomic Conditions • Headache
• Noise and Vibration • Fatigue
• Poor Concentration
• Dizziness
• Tiredness
• Headache with nausea
• Ringing in ears
• Pounding heart
• Relative Humidity • Dry throat
• Shortness of breath or bronchial asthma
• Irritation and infection of respiratory tract
• Relative Humidity • Nasal problems (stuffiness, irritation)
• High Temperatures
• Warm Air • Skin problems (dryness, irritation, rashes)
• Low Relative Humidity
• Excessive Air Movement
• Artificial Light • Eye problems (burning, dry gritty eye)
24. Most people
spend at least
half of their
lives indoors.
Poor indoor air Indoor air can
INDOOR
quality can be be more harmful
AIR
more harmful than outdoor
CONCERNS
for children . air.
Poor indoor air
quality can
cause
respiratory
problems.
25.
26.
27. Based on Specific Building
Combustion
Furniture Chemical
activity
Building
Food Water
materials
Smoking Outdoor air
activity pollution
Sources of Indoor Pollutants
28.
29. Condition associated with
complaints of discomfort
including headache; nausea;
dizziness; dermatitis;
eye, nose, throat, and
respiratory irritation;
coughing; difficulty
concentrating; sensitivity to
odors; muscle pain; and
fatigue.
Sick building syndrome
30.
31. Contamination Contamination
Inadequate
from inside from outside
ventilation 52%
building 16% building 10%
Contamination
Microbial Unknown sources
from building
contamination 5% 13%
fabric 4%
Cause of SBS
32. Personal factors
(health, psychology, sociology Air temperature Mean radiant temperature
& situational factors)
Air movement / velocity (see Relative humidity (see also
Insulative clothing
wind chill factor) perspiration)
Activity levels.
Thermal Comfort
40. Acoustics is the interdisciplinary science that deals
with the study of all mechanical waves in
gases, liquids, and solids
including vibration, sound, ultrasound and infras
ound. A scientist who works in the field of
acoustics is an acoustician while someone
working in the field of acoustics technology may
be called an acoustical engineer. The application
of acoustics can be seen in almost all aspects of
modern society with the most obvious being the
audio and noise control industries.
Acoustics
41. How to Control/ Eliminate
Indoor Air Pollutants
Don’t Smoke inside Pay attention to Check combustion
the home. housekeeping. appliances.
Control/ eliminate
Test your home for excess
Radon moisture
• Improve home ventilation
42. Have
Never run your
furnace, flues, ch
car inside an
imney inspected
attached garage
and cleaned
Install a carbon
Never use
monoxide
unvented space
detector
heaters/ gas logs
in your home
43. Control Moisture In and Around the Home
Repair leaks and drips
Check to be sure clothes dryer vented to outside
Move water from gutters and downspouts away
from house
Use ventilating fan in kitchen and bathroom
No water in crawl space
44. are fungi that grow in the form of multicellular filaments called hyphae.
MOULDS
45. HIGH INFLAMMATORY MEDIATORS
FOUND IN NASAL FLUIDS OF PERSONS IN
DAMP BUILDINGS
MITES, BACTERIA, MOLDS, ENDOTOXINS ALL
CONTRIBUTE
MINIMIZED BY HUMIDITY & MOISTURE
CONTROL IN BUILDINGS
47. INDOOR AIR POLLUTION: RADON
• In 1990 EPA placed indoor air pollution at the top of the list of
18 sources of cancer risk
• Indoor pollution is rated by risk analysis scientists as high-risk
health problem for humans
• Radon is one of the three most dangerous indoor air
pollutants, along with cigarette smoke and formaldehyde
• Radon is the second leading cause of lung cancer, after
smoking
• Nearly 1 in 15 homes in the U.S. has high level of indoor radon
• Homes with high radon level can be fixed
48. A. Cracks in concrete slabs
B. INDOOR AIR POLLUTION: RADON
Spaces behind brick walls
C. Pores and cracks in concrete
blocks
D. Floor wall joints
E. Exposed soil as in a sump
F. Weeping tile, if drained to open
sump
G. Mortar joints
H. Loose fitting pipe penetrations
I. Open tops of block walls
J. Building materials such as some
rocks
K. Water, from some wells
49. INDOOR AIR POLLUTION:
Radon Resistant-Construction RADON
Techniques
A. Gas Permeable Layer
B. Plastic Sheeting
C. Sealing and Caulking
D. Vent Pipe
E. Junction Box
Other radon reduction
techniques include
sealing, home/room
pressurization, heat recovery
ventilation and natural
ventilation.
50.
51.
52.
53.
54.
55.
56.
57.
58.
59.
60. BIOCHAR URINALS
TAPPING NITROGEN FROM URINE
OF ANIMALS AND PEOPLE USING
BIOCHAR
61. OTHER BIOCHAR
APPLICATIONS
BIOCHAR BRICKS, GREEN BUILDINGS