The document provides a table of contents for a Spanish grammar book. It lists and defines various Spanish grammar topics like verbs tenses (preterite, imperfect), commands, transitions words, verbs like gustar, reflexive verbs, and ser vs estar among others. It also provides examples and conjugations for many of the grammar points.

1. GRAMÁTICA LIBRO
Por: Isabel Trammell

2. TABLE OF
CONTENTS
 Qué vs. Cuál o Hacer+time+que+present
 Ser o tense
o Verbs like gustar
 Estar
o Reflexive
 Gustar
o Tú commands: affirmative
 Transitions o Tú commands: negative
 Imperfect o Tú commands: irregular
 Triggers o DOP
o Preterite
 Acabar de+ infinitive

3. Qu
é
Asking for
a
definition
Cuál
Ex: ¿Qué Asking
es su Asking for
novio? what an
{what is adjective.
your Can also
boyfriend? mean which
(what does Ex: ¿Cuál es
he do for su novio?
a living)} {which is
your

4. D description
s possession
P
O origin
C characteristic
s events E
S time T
E occupation O date
D
s
R relationships R

5. ESTAR
Whenever you want to add -ing
H AR- ando
ER/IR- endo
E - yendo
health
health
emotions L
location P
present I
N
G

6. GUSTAR
Me gusta{n} Nos gusta{n}
Te gusta{n} Os gusta{n}
Le gusta{n} Les gusta{n}
No goes before indirect object
pronoun.
Ex: No me gusta la zapato.
Add ‘a’ before sentence for more
emphasis.
Don’t conjugate for subject, but

7. TRANSITIONS
 Tambien- also
 Ahora- now
 Despues- after
 Ni-Ni- neither
 Primero- first
 Pero- but
 Por eso- because of this
 Asi-que- so that
 Y- and
 Entonces- then

8. IMPERFECT
 AR verbs o ER and IR verbs
 Yo- aba o Yo-
o Tu-
 Tu- abas
o El/Ella/Usted-
 El/Ella/Usted- aba
o Nos-
 Nos- abamos o Vos-
 Vos- abais o Ellos/Ellas/Ustedes-
 Ellos/Ellas/Ustedes-
aban

9. TRIGGERS
 Todos los dias
 A menudo
 A veces
 Siempre
 Cada dia
 Los lunes
 Generalmente
 Mientras
 De vez en cuando
 Muchas veces
 frecuentemente

10. ACABAR DE + INFINITIVE
 I have just done…
 Yo- Acabo
 Tu- Acabas
 El/ Ella/Usted- Acaba
 Nos- Acabamos
 Vos- Acabais
 Ellos/Ellas/Ustedes- Acaban
 Ex: Acabo de leer un libro.

11. HACE+TIME+QUE+PRESENT TENSE
 Used to talk about how long you‟ve been doing
something
 Ex: Hace trienta y cinco minutos que Paula espera
el autobus.

12. VERBS LIKE GUSTAR
 To whom or for whom
 No goes before indirect object pronoun.
 No me gusta la zapato.
 Add „a‟ before sentence for more emphasis.
 A me gusta la zapato.
 Don‟t conjugate for subject but for indirect object
pronoun.
 Me duelen los pies.
 Doler: to hurt
 Me duele la cabeza.

13. REFLEXIVE
 Ends in –se
 Uses me, te, se, nos, and se
 Means the doer is also the reciever of the action
 Sentirse- to feel
 Me siento
 Te sientes
 Se siente
 Nos sentimos
 Se sienten

14. TÚ COMMANDS: AFFIRMATIVE
 Drop the „s‟
 come
 Object pronouns can attach to an affirmative
command
 Direct object pronouns take place of a noun
 When you change the syllabification of a verb an
accent mark is added to the “antepenútima” (third
to the last) syllable
 Leer el periodico (Léelo)
 yes

15. TÚ COMMANDS: NEGATIVE
 Don‟t eat it No comer lo No como lo No
coma+s (ar e & er/ir a) lo No comas lo No
lo comas
 Lo goes before conjugated verb when command is
negative.

16. TÚ COMMANDS: IRREGULAR
 Di decir (say it- dilo)
 Haz hacer (do it- hazlo)
 Ve vir (see it- vilo)
 Pon poner (put it- ponlo)
 Sal salir (leave it- salo)
 Sé ser (be it- sélo)
 Ten tenir (take it- tenlo)
 Ven venir (come- ven)

17. DOP PLACEMENT
 When you can use a direct object:
 1. When you have an infinitive
 Voy a comerlo. (I‟m going to eat it)
 2. Affirmative command
 Cómelo. (eat it)
 3. Present progressive (-ing)
 Estoy comiéndolo.

18. PRETERITE
 Past tense
 “snapshot in time”
 Completed action
 There is a beginning and/or ending
-ar -er/-ir
é í
aste iste
ó ió
- -
amos imos
aron ieron