The document provides an overview of key grammar topics in Spanish, including: 1) The uses of "que" vs "cual" 2) The verbs "ser" and "estar" 3) Imperfect verb conjugations and triggers for using the imperfect tense 4) The verb "gustar" and how it is used 5) Transition words to connect sentences 6) Forming commands

1. By: Zorro Basel

2.  1) Que vs. Cual 2) Ser
 3) Estar 4) Gustar
 5) Transitions words 6)Imperfect
 7) Imperfect verb conjugations 8) Triggers
 9) Acabar + De + Infinitive
 10) Hace + Time + Que + Pres 11) Formulas
 12) Verbs like gustar 13) Reflexives
 14) Tú Commands - affirmatives
 15) Tú Commands – irregulars
 16) Tú Commands – negatives
 17) DOP and placement 18) Preterite

3. •Qué is more •Cual is used
commonly used before “es” and
when asking for other forms of ser
definitions. Both used when not seeking
when asking a definition.
Example
a question.
Qué es una ciudad? Example
What is a city? Cual es tu numero telefono?
What is your telephone
number?

4.  Descriptions
 Origin
 Characteristics Soy Somos
 Time Eres
Es Son
 Occupation
 Relationships
 Possession
 Events
 Dates

5.  Health
 Emotions
Estoy Estamos
 Location (En)
Estás
 Present Condition
Está Están
I
-ando
N -iendo
-yendo
G

6. Me Nos
Te
 Gustar means “to like.”
 Use “gusta” for a singular noun. Le Les
 Use “gustas” for an infinitive.
 Use “gustan” for a plural noun.
 You can use no before “gustar” to show that you don’t
like something.
 “Gustar” is never conjugated. Instead, a pronoun is
used in front of it to show who is “Gustaring”
 Example: Me gusta un television.

7.  (Used to form/complete sentences)
 También
 Ahora
 Primero
 Después
 Ni-Ni
 Por-Eso
 Así-Que
 Pero
 Entonces
 y
 o

8.  Uses:
 1) ongoing action (was/were)
 2) repeated action (used to)
 3) no definite beginning or end
 4) time/date/age/feelings/descriptions
 5) interupted activity (cuando)

9. -ar -er -ir
aba ábamos ía íamos ía íamos
abas abais ías íais ías íais
aba aban ía ían ía ían
ir ser ver
iba ibamos era éramos veía veíamos
ibas ibais eras erais veías veíais
iba iban era eran veía veían

10.  (Used to show the beginning of an imperfect verb sentence)
 Todos Los Dias – every day
 A menudo – often
 A veces – sometimes
 Siempre – always
 Cada día – everyday
 Los lunes – on Mondays
 Generalmente – generally
 Mientras – as
 De vez en cuando – occasionally
 Muchas veces – often
 Frecuentemente - frequently

11.  To just have finished
Acabo de Acabamos de
Acabas de
Acaba de Acaban de
 Example:
 Acabo de comer unas papas fritas y me duele el estomago.
I just ate some french fries and my stomach hurts.

12.  How much time time you have been doing something.
 Example:
Hace dos años que asisto a la universidad.
It has been two years since I have attended college.

13.  Hay + que + infinitive
What needs to be done or must be done; not directed
to anyone in particular.
 Se prohibe + infinitive
What is prohibited. Se permite + infinitive is to tell
what is permitted.
 Ir + a + infinitive
What someone is going to do. Conjugate ir but leave
verb in infinitive.

14. •Gusta
Me •Gustan
To whom/
For whom
•Falta
Te •Faltan
•Duele
Le •Duelen
•Fascina
Nos •Fascinan
-a: singular
-an: plural
•Molesta
Les •Molestan

15.  Reflexives: A verb that ends in ‘se’. The subject and the
object are the same person.
Me Nos
Te Os
Se Se
 Ducharse Me ducho

16.  1st step: Put the verb in the tú form
 2nd step: Drop the ‘s’
 3rd step: Add the DOP to the end
Comer
Comes
Come
¡Comelo!
Eat it!

17. Irregulars Negative Irregulars
Di (decir) No digas
Haz (hacer) No hagas
Ve (ir) No vayas
Pon (poner) No pongas
Sal (salir) No salgas
Se (ser) No seas
Ten (tener) No tengas
Ven (venir) No vengas

18. -ar e
 1st
step: Put verb in first person form
 2nd step: Change the vowel at the end of the verb -er/ir a
 3rd step: Add ‘s’
 The DOP goes before the conjugated verb but after the ‘no’
Comer
Como
Coma
Comas
¡No lo comas!
Don’t eat it!

19.  DOP can only attach in three ways:
 1) Infinitive - Ella va a comerlo.
 2) Affirmative command - ¡Cómelo!
 3) Present progressive – Él está comiéndolo.
 When you change the syllabification of a verb an
“accent” is added to the third to last syllable.
Me Nos
Te Os
Lo/la Los/las

20.  It is a perfected action in the past
 “Snapshot”
Endings
-ar -er/ir
é í
aste iste
ó ió
amos imos
aron ieron