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   1. Qué vs. Cual
   2. Ser
   3. Estar
   4. Gustar
   5. Transitions
   6. Imperfect
   7. Triggers
   8. Acabar de + infinative
   9. Hacer expressions
   10. Verbos como gustar
   11. Formulas
   12. Refexive verbs
   13. Tu Commands (affimative, negative, and irregulars)
   14. DOP and Placement
   15. Pretèrito
Qué                         Cuál
•Used when asking for       •Usually used before es and
definitions                 other forms of ser when not
                            seeking a definition
•Most often used before     •Used to suggest a selection
nouns                       or choice from among a
                            group
•Same singular and plural   •Singular form is Cuál
forms                       •Plural form is Cuáles
D   • Descriptions- ¿Qué es?

O   • Origins- ¿De dónde es?

C   • Characteristics- ¿Cómo es?

T   • Time- ¿Qué hora es?          soy    somos

O   • Occupation- ¿Qué hace?       eres   sois
R   • Relationships- ¿Quién es?
                                   es     son
P   • Possession- ¿De quién es?

E   • Events- ¿Cuando/ donde es?

D   • Dates- ¿Cuál es la fecha?
Estoy     Estamos

                                                   está      -------
        Health
                  • ¿Cómo
                    estás?
                                                   estás     están
                 Emotions
                                 • ¿Cómo
                                   estás?


                       Location
                                        • ¿Dónde
                                          estás?


Estar                        Present    • ¿Cómo
                            condition
                                          está?


                             I               •When you
                                             want to use –
                                             ing
                   N                         •Ar: ando
                                             •Er/ir: iendo
                                             exeption:
         G
                                             yendo
   Use “gusta” before a singular noun or an infinitive.
   Use “gustan” before a plural noun.


     Me gusta                 Nos gusta

     Te gusta                 Os gusta

     Le gusta                 Les gusta


                *Don’t forget that gusta
                would change to gustan if
                the noun is plural.
"FANBOYS" en español           Otras Transiciones

Inglés          Español      Inglés              Español


                             Now                 Ahora
For             Para

And             Y            After               Después
Nor             Tampoco
                             Neither, nor        Ni-ni
But             pero         Therefore           Por-eso
Or              o            Also,too            También
Yet             aún          Then                Entonces

So              por lo       First               Primero
Verbos Regulares-AR   Verbos Irregulares- ir

-aba      -ábomos     Iba         Ĺbamos
-abas     -abais      Ibas        Ibais         •Ongoing
-aba      -aban       Iba         iban          action
                                                •Repeated
Verbos Regulares-ER   Verbos Irregulares- ser   action
                                                •No definite
-ĺa      -ĺamos        Era         Éramos       beginning or
-ĺas     -ĺais         Eras        Erais        end
-ĺa      -ĺan                                   •Time/date/
                       Era         Eran
                                                age/feelings
                                                /descriptions
Verbos Regulares-IR   Verbos Irregulares- ver
                                                •Interrupted
-ĺa       -ĺamos       Veía        Veíamos      activity

-ĺas      -ĺais        Veías       Veíais

-ĺa       -ĺan         Veía        Veían
   Todos los dias
   A menudo
   A veces
   Siempre
   Cada dia
   Los lunes generalmente
   Mientras
   De vez en cuando
   Muchas veces
   Frecuentemente
 acabar de + infinitive = to have just done
  something
 Examples:
    › Acabo de llevar a mi hermana a su casa.
      I just took my sister to her house.
    › Nosotros acabamos de leer el libro.
      We just read the book.
                                acabo    acabamos

                                acabas   acabáis

                                acaba    acaban
   Hacer: to do, to make
       hago                hacemos
       haces               hacéis
       hace                hacen

   Hace + time + infinitive + present tense verb
    › This is a formula used t tell about how
      much time you have spent doing
      something. Example: Hace media
                    hora que estudia esta
                    capitulo.
me   nos
                              te   os
                              le   les

 Gustar
 Faltar
 Fascinar
 Doner       •They all have two
              indirect pronouns.
 Encantar    •Answers: To whom?
              Or For whom?
 Molestar
 Interesta
 importa
 Hace + time + infinitive + present tense verb
  is the formula used to tell about how much
  time you’ve been doing something.
 Hay + que + infinitive is used to talk about
  what needs to be done.
 Se prohibe + infinitive tells what is
  prohibited. You can also use Se permite +
  infinitive to tell what is permitted in public
  places.
 Ir + a + infinitive tells what is going to do.
Me   Nos
                                          Te   Os
                                          Se   Se


 Reflexive verb: a verb used when the
  subject and object are the same; the
  doer is the same as the reciever.
 Always ends in “se”
 Examples:
    › Lavarse- to wash oneself
    › Afeitarse- to shave onself
    › Maquillarse- to put make-up on oneself
 For tu commands, all you have to do is
  simply drop the “s”.
 Examples:
                           Me   Nos
    › Eat!      ¡Come!                  Te       Os
    › Speak!       ¡Habla!              Lo, la   Los, las
    › Live!     ¡Vive!
               • Direct object pronouns may
               also be used to take the
               place of a noun.
               •Example:
                    •Eat it!  ¡Comelo!
 Negative commands occur when one is
  directing another to not do something.
 3 steps:
    › Change the verb to to “yo” form.
    › Change the ending to the opposite vowel.
      (are; er/ira)
    › Add an “s”.

        Example: Do not eat. No comer. No
        como. No coma. No comas.
Di    Decir

Haz   Hacer

Ve    Ir

Pon   Poner

Sal   Salir

Sè    Ser

Ten   Tener

Ven   Venir
   Direct object pronouns are used to take the place of a
    noun in a sentence.
   In a negative command, the DOP must come before the
    verd.
   DOP’s can hook onto a verb when…
    › It is an infinitive.
    › It’s in a affirmative command.
    › It’s a personal progressive.
      Me                           Nos
       Te                         Os
       Lo, la                     Los, las


   When you change the syllabification of a verb and
    accent mark is added to the third to last syllable.
    › Beber el agua.        ¡Bèbela!
   The prederite is used for past actions that
    have already been completed.
          -ar verbs              -er/-ir verbs

é              amos       í              imos


aste           asteis     iste           isteis


ó              aron       ió             ieron

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My grammarbook]

  • 1.
  • 2. 1. Qué vs. Cual  2. Ser  3. Estar  4. Gustar  5. Transitions  6. Imperfect  7. Triggers  8. Acabar de + infinative  9. Hacer expressions  10. Verbos como gustar  11. Formulas  12. Refexive verbs  13. Tu Commands (affimative, negative, and irregulars)  14. DOP and Placement  15. Pretèrito
  • 3. Qué Cuál •Used when asking for •Usually used before es and definitions other forms of ser when not seeking a definition •Most often used before •Used to suggest a selection nouns or choice from among a group •Same singular and plural •Singular form is Cuál forms •Plural form is Cuáles
  • 4. D • Descriptions- ¿Qué es? O • Origins- ¿De dónde es? C • Characteristics- ¿Cómo es? T • Time- ¿Qué hora es? soy somos O • Occupation- ¿Qué hace? eres sois R • Relationships- ¿Quién es? es son P • Possession- ¿De quién es? E • Events- ¿Cuando/ donde es? D • Dates- ¿Cuál es la fecha?
  • 5. Estoy Estamos está ------- Health • ¿Cómo estás? estás están Emotions • ¿Cómo estás? Location • ¿Dónde estás? Estar Present • ¿Cómo condition está? I •When you want to use – ing N •Ar: ando •Er/ir: iendo exeption: G yendo
  • 6. Use “gusta” before a singular noun or an infinitive.  Use “gustan” before a plural noun. Me gusta Nos gusta Te gusta Os gusta Le gusta Les gusta *Don’t forget that gusta would change to gustan if the noun is plural.
  • 7. "FANBOYS" en español Otras Transiciones Inglés Español Inglés Español Now Ahora For Para And Y After Después Nor Tampoco Neither, nor Ni-ni But pero Therefore Por-eso Or o Also,too También Yet aún Then Entonces So por lo First Primero
  • 8. Verbos Regulares-AR Verbos Irregulares- ir -aba -ábomos Iba Ĺbamos -abas -abais Ibas Ibais •Ongoing -aba -aban Iba iban action •Repeated Verbos Regulares-ER Verbos Irregulares- ser action •No definite -ĺa -ĺamos Era Éramos beginning or -ĺas -ĺais Eras Erais end -ĺa -ĺan •Time/date/ Era Eran age/feelings /descriptions Verbos Regulares-IR Verbos Irregulares- ver •Interrupted -ĺa -ĺamos Veía Veíamos activity -ĺas -ĺais Veías Veíais -ĺa -ĺan Veía Veían
  • 9. Todos los dias  A menudo  A veces  Siempre  Cada dia  Los lunes generalmente  Mientras  De vez en cuando  Muchas veces  Frecuentemente
  • 10.  acabar de + infinitive = to have just done something  Examples: › Acabo de llevar a mi hermana a su casa. I just took my sister to her house. › Nosotros acabamos de leer el libro. We just read the book. acabo acabamos acabas acabáis acaba acaban
  • 11. Hacer: to do, to make hago hacemos haces hacéis hace hacen  Hace + time + infinitive + present tense verb › This is a formula used t tell about how much time you have spent doing something. Example: Hace media hora que estudia esta capitulo.
  • 12. me nos te os le les  Gustar  Faltar  Fascinar  Doner •They all have two indirect pronouns.  Encantar •Answers: To whom? Or For whom?  Molestar  Interesta  importa
  • 13.  Hace + time + infinitive + present tense verb is the formula used to tell about how much time you’ve been doing something.  Hay + que + infinitive is used to talk about what needs to be done.  Se prohibe + infinitive tells what is prohibited. You can also use Se permite + infinitive to tell what is permitted in public places.  Ir + a + infinitive tells what is going to do.
  • 14. Me Nos Te Os Se Se  Reflexive verb: a verb used when the subject and object are the same; the doer is the same as the reciever.  Always ends in “se”  Examples: › Lavarse- to wash oneself › Afeitarse- to shave onself › Maquillarse- to put make-up on oneself
  • 15.  For tu commands, all you have to do is simply drop the “s”.  Examples: Me Nos › Eat! ¡Come! Te Os › Speak! ¡Habla! Lo, la Los, las › Live! ¡Vive! • Direct object pronouns may also be used to take the place of a noun. •Example: •Eat it! ¡Comelo!
  • 16.  Negative commands occur when one is directing another to not do something.  3 steps: › Change the verb to to “yo” form. › Change the ending to the opposite vowel. (are; er/ira) › Add an “s”. Example: Do not eat. No comer. No como. No coma. No comas.
  • 17. Di Decir Haz Hacer Ve Ir Pon Poner Sal Salir Sè Ser Ten Tener Ven Venir
  • 18. Direct object pronouns are used to take the place of a noun in a sentence.  In a negative command, the DOP must come before the verd.  DOP’s can hook onto a verb when… › It is an infinitive. › It’s in a affirmative command. › It’s a personal progressive. Me Nos Te Os Lo, la Los, las  When you change the syllabification of a verb and accent mark is added to the third to last syllable. › Beber el agua. ¡Bèbela!
  • 19. The prederite is used for past actions that have already been completed. -ar verbs -er/-ir verbs é amos í imos aste asteis iste isteis ó aron ió ieron