The document is a Spanish grammar book that provides an overview of key grammatical concepts in Spanish including: differences between que and cual, uses of ser and estar, verbs like gustar, imperfect tense, transitional verbs, reflexive verbs, commands, and preterite tense. It includes examples and conjugations of verbs.

1. GRAMMAR BOOK
YayoLiu
Honors Spanish II
1st Semester

2. TABLE OF CONTENTS
 Que vs Cual  Hace + time + que + present
 Ser
tense
 Gustar
 Verbs like gustar
 Estar
 Transitional verbs
 Imperfect
 Triggers
 Acabar de infinitive

3. QUE VS CUAL
Translated
Used when to “What Precedes ser
asking for is…?” in
definition conjugations

4. SER
 To be  Examples:
 Yo Soy • Estudioso
• Trabajador
 Tu Eres • Tonto
 El/Ella Es • Sabio
• Serio
 Nos. Somos • Loco
 Vos. Sios • Impaciente
• Joven
 Ellos/Ellas Son

5. DOCTOR PED
escriptions
haracteristic
rigin
ime
ccupatrions
elationships
ossessions
ates
vents

6. GUSTAR
 Means to like  Add “a” for emphasis
• A mi gusta
 Conjugations
• A ti gusta
• Me gusta
• A el/ella gusta
• Te gusta
• A nosotros gusta
• Le gusta
• A ellos/ellas gusta
• Nos gusta
• A “name” gusta
• Os gusta
• Les gusta

7. ESTAR

8. ESTAR VS. SER
Ser Estar
 Origins  Temporary
 Name  Conditions
 Professions  Feelings
 permanent  Locations

9. TRANSITIONAL VERBS
 Help make Spanish dialogue flow
 Examples:
• Para
• Por
• sin embargo
• Generalmente

10. IMPERFECT
 Imperfect actions in the past
Hablar Comer escribir
 Regular:
Yo Hablaba Comia Escribia
Tu Hablabas Comias Escribias
El/ella/ud. Hablaba Comia Escribia
Nosotros Hablabamos Comiamos Escribiamos
Ellos/Ellas/Ud. hablaban Comian Escribian

11. IMPERFECT
 Irregular: ir ser Ver
Yo Iba Era Veia
Tu Ibas Eras Veias
El/ella/ud Iba Era Veia
Nos Ibamos eramos Veiamos
Ellos/ellas/uds iban Eran veian

12. TRIGGERS
 Trigger an imperfect
• Todos los dias
• A veces
• Siempre
• Cada dia
• Los lunes
• Generalmente

13. ACABAR DE INFINITIVE
 To have just finished
 Yo acabo de
 Tu acabas de
 El/ella/ud acaba de
 Nos acabamos de
 Ellos/ellas/uds acaban de

14. HACE + TIME + QUE +
PRESENT TENSE
 Used to talk about how much time you have spent doing
something
 Ex:
• Hace un dia que hablar en espanol.

15. FORMULAS
 Hace + time + que + conjugated verb
• How much time you have been doing something
 Hay + que + infinitive
• Talk about what needs to be done
 Se prohibe + infinitive
• Tells what is restricted
 Ir + a + infinitive
• Tells where someone is going

16. VERBS LIKE GUSTAR
 Gustar: to like
 Encantar: to love
 Faltar: to lack
 Fascinar: to be fascinating to
 Importar: to be important to
 Doler: to hurt
 Molestar: to bother

17. REFLEXSIVES
 Reflect one self
 Example: Sentirse
• Me siento
• Te siente
• Nos Sentimos
• Se sienten

18. TU COMMANDS
 Affirmative:
• Simply drop the “s”
 Negative:
• Er/ir to a
• Ar to e
• For isnatance Don’t Eat is No lo comas

19. TU COMMANDS
(IRREGULARS)
Negatives
 Di  No digas
 Haz  No hagas
 Ve  No vegas
 Pon  No pongas
 Sal  No salgas
 Se  No seas
 Ten  No tengas
 Ven  No vengas

20. PRETERITE
 used for past actions that are seen as completed
 To conjugate regular -ar verbs in the preterite
• é, aste, ó, amos, aron
 To conjugate regular -er and -ir verbs in the preterite
• í, iste, ió, imos, ieron