The document discusses the Golgi body (also known as the Golgi apparatus or Golgi complex), an organelle found in eukaryotic cells. It defines the Golgi body as a membrane-bound organelle made up of flattened, stacked pouches called cisternae and associated vesicles. The Golgi body was discovered by Camillo Golgi in 1898. It functions to package, modify, and deliver macromolecules and is sometimes referred to as the "post office" or "traffic police" of the cell. Key components include cisternae, vesicles, and tubules that connect the cisternae. The Golgi body receives secretions from the endoplasmic reticulum and modifies and

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Saqib Zeb
Molecular Genetics
FSC Biology
Chapter First
Lecture 4
Golgi body

4. Golgi Body (Subscribethechannel formore vedio lectures “Biologywithsaqib zeb)
Definition:
Membrane bounded organelle of eukaryotic cell that is made up of series of
flattened stackedpouches Called cisternae and associated vesicles.
Synonym :
• Golgi apparatus
• Golgi complex
• Dicytosome (plants)

5. Golgi body
Discoverey:
• Camilo Golgi-1898 (Nervous system cell)
• Named it “internal reticular apparatus”-1898
• Golgi apparatus name was given later in 1910.
Analogy:
• Post Office of cell
• Traffic Police of cell
Shape:
• Cisternae – Rod/saucer/flat shaped
• Vesicle-sphericle/granular
• Tubules -Rod
Number:
• 40-100 (Mammalian cell)-depend on activity of cell

6. Golgi body
Composition:
• Lipids
• Proteins
• Enzymes
Structure :
A. Morphology:
Morphologically it is distinguished into three parts.
• Cis region:
a. Region towards EPR
b. Also calledreceiving department

7. Golgi body
• Shape of cisternae present here is convex (bulged outward)
• Receive secretion through transport vesicles

8. Golgi body
• Medial region:
• Region between cis and trans face
• Modify secretion
• Usually flat cisternae

9. Golgi body
• Trans region
• Region towards cytoplasm
• Cisternae-concave (bulged inward)
• Also called shipping department
• Release processed secretion
Anatomy :
Four parts
• Cisternae
• Cisternal Space
• Tubules
• Vesicles

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zeb
1. Cisternae:
Origin: Latin word, Cista-Sac/box
Synonym: Saccules/dictytosome
Definition : Semicircular/bent/saucer shaped Structuressurrounded by
membrane.

11. Golgi body
Number :
• 4-8 per Golgi body
Diameter:
• 1 um
• Structure of cisternae:
• 3 Parts
1. Cisternal membrane:
• Surrounds cisternae, made up of lipoprotein
• 7.5nm thick
1. Lumen:
• Space inside cisternae
• 500-1000nm width
2. Matrix: Enzyme rich solution inside lumen

12. Golgi body
2.Inter-membrane space:
• Space between two cisternae
• 20-30 nnm
3. Tubules :
• Structures that connect cisternae together
• 30-50 nm diameter

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4. Vesicles
Definition:
Spherical or granular membrane bounded structure containing secretion from
EPR and Golgi body
Types:
• Two main types
1. Transport vesicles :
• Carry secretion from one site to another inside cell e. g From EPR to Golgi body
• Protein from ribosome synthesized at Rough EPR.
2. Secretory vesicles:
• Carry secretion to outside cell through exocytosis
• Secretion like hormones, enzymes etc

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Function :
1. Packing,Modification and delivery of secretion :
• Golgi body receive (Cis face) Secretion
• Modify (Medial portion)-add or remove molecules like sugar, amino acids
• Pack and deliver(Trans region) secretion to its destination-
• Correct delivery is because they are tagged with molecules like sugar, amino
acids etc
• Same function like that performed by traffic police or performed at post
Office

16. Golgi body
2. Formation of organelles
• Plasma membrane –exocytotic vesicles
• Lysosomes
• Acrosome (derivative of golgi body, contain digestive enxymes)
• Cortical granules (granules in oocyte to prevent polyspermy)

18. Golgi body
3.Involved in transport of lipids around the cell
4.Formation of proteoglycan (protein backbone and carbohydrates side
branches)-present in extracellular matrix.
5.Plants-formation of cell wall material
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19. Golgi body Etea repeated MCQS
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1. Golgi complex was first recognised in
• Neuron
• RBC
• Epitheilial cells
• Hepatocytes
2. Besides giving out secretary vesicles, the Golgi apparatus is also
concerned with the formation of
• Lysosomes
• Acrosome
• Cortical granules
• All

20. Golgi body mcqs
3. Which one the following does not contain golgi body.
• Yeast
• Bacteria
• Plants
• Algae
4. The simplest unit, the saucer-like closed compartments of Golgi
apparatus is called as
• Tubules
• Vesicles
• Cisternae
• Lumen

21. Golgi body mcqs
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5. Which organelles is called traffuc police of cell.
• Ribosome
• Lysosomes
• Golgi body
• Plastid
6. Organelle involved in cell plate formation is,
• Cell wall
• Lysosome
• Golgi body
• Plastid

22. Golgi body mcqs
7. Which one of the following organelle take part in the secretion
• Mitochondria
• Golgi body
• Endo plasmic reticulum
• Peroxisome
8. Which one of the following cell will have more Golgi bodies
• Liver cellS
• Rod cellS
• Taste bud
• Cells of lungs

23. Golgi body Mcqs
9. Which one of the following structure help to prevent polyspermy
• Acrosome
• Mesosome
• Cortical granules
• Inclusion bodies
10. Which organelle is responsible for directing the secretion to its
target site
• Golgi apparatus
• Endo plasmic reticulum
• Sarcoplasmic reticulum

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