IBS is a common gastrointestinal disorder affecting 7% of the population. Women are more likely to be affected than men, most commonly between ages 20-40. The pathophysiology is not fully understood but may involve abnormal gut motility, visceral hypersensitivity, and immune system activation. IBS places a high economic burden due to direct and indirect healthcare costs. Diagnosis is based on Rome criteria and absence of alarm symptoms. Treatment depends on symptoms but may include antispasmodics, antidepressants, antibiotics, probiotics, and laxatives or anti-diarrheals.