A presentation that explains the various systems and techniques of employing steel and concrete to support long span structures. The range varies from conventional beams, to trusses and portal frames.
A presentation that explains the various systems and techniques of employing steel and concrete to support long span structures. The range varies from conventional beams, to trusses and portal frames.
Definition,
functions,
types of foundations,
foundation loads,
selection criteria for foundations based on soil conditions,
bearing capacity of soil,
methods of testing,
method of improving bearing capacity of soil,
settlement of foundations,
precautions against settlement,
shallow and deep foundations,
different types of foundations – wall footing (strip footing), isolated footing, combined footing, raft foundation, pile foundation etc.
Elements of RCC Framed Structure (With Steel Detailing)Uday Mathe
Aimed for the basic or foundation course in civil engineering. From introduction to detailing of steel. This will help you to get understanding of RCC framed structure.
Definition,
functions,
types of foundations,
foundation loads,
selection criteria for foundations based on soil conditions,
bearing capacity of soil,
methods of testing,
method of improving bearing capacity of soil,
settlement of foundations,
precautions against settlement,
shallow and deep foundations,
different types of foundations – wall footing (strip footing), isolated footing, combined footing, raft foundation, pile foundation etc.
Elements of RCC Framed Structure (With Steel Detailing)Uday Mathe
Aimed for the basic or foundation course in civil engineering. From introduction to detailing of steel. This will help you to get understanding of RCC framed structure.
A technical approach to designing earthquake resistant buildings. Contains a brief overview of why a structure fails, building foundation problems and what are the possible solutions
Tube structures and its type with comparison .Udayram Patil
Hollow tube section always provide greater strength. So the same concept is applied to the building. Tubed system is designed to act like a three dimensional hollow tube structure which result in increased load resistance .
Arch is a curved structure designed to carry loads across a gap mainly by compression. The mechanical principle of the arch is precisely the same as that of the portal frame. The straight pieces of material joined by sharp bends are smoothed into a continuous curve. This increases the cost of construction but greatly reduces the stresses.
For more detail on Arch Systems and architecture engineering,
visit us - www.archistudent.net
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Structural systems in high rise building and analysis methodsDP NITHIN
This presentation is about the structural systems in tall buildings and also consists of overview of methods of analysis in tall buildings like linear and non linear seismic analysis.
Sachpazis:Terzaghi Bearing Capacity Estimation in simple terms with Calculati...Dr.Costas Sachpazis
Terzaghi's soil bearing capacity theory, developed by Karl Terzaghi, is a fundamental principle in geotechnical engineering used to determine the bearing capacity of shallow foundations. This theory provides a method to calculate the ultimate bearing capacity of soil, which is the maximum load per unit area that the soil can support without undergoing shear failure. The Calculation HTML Code included.
Explore the innovative world of trenchless pipe repair with our comprehensive guide, "The Benefits and Techniques of Trenchless Pipe Repair." This document delves into the modern methods of repairing underground pipes without the need for extensive excavation, highlighting the numerous advantages and the latest techniques used in the industry.
Learn about the cost savings, reduced environmental impact, and minimal disruption associated with trenchless technology. Discover detailed explanations of popular techniques such as pipe bursting, cured-in-place pipe (CIPP) lining, and directional drilling. Understand how these methods can be applied to various types of infrastructure, from residential plumbing to large-scale municipal systems.
Ideal for homeowners, contractors, engineers, and anyone interested in modern plumbing solutions, this guide provides valuable insights into why trenchless pipe repair is becoming the preferred choice for pipe rehabilitation. Stay informed about the latest advancements and best practices in the field.
Industrial Training at Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL)MdTanvirMahtab2
This presentation is about the working procedure of Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL). A Govt. owned Company of Bangladesh Chemical Industries Corporation under Ministry of Industries.
Event Management System Vb Net Project Report.pdfKamal Acharya
In present era, the scopes of information technology growing with a very fast .We do not see any are untouched from this industry. The scope of information technology has become wider includes: Business and industry. Household Business, Communication, Education, Entertainment, Science, Medicine, Engineering, Distance Learning, Weather Forecasting. Carrier Searching and so on.
My project named “Event Management System” is software that store and maintained all events coordinated in college. It also helpful to print related reports. My project will help to record the events coordinated by faculties with their Name, Event subject, date & details in an efficient & effective ways.
In my system we have to make a system by which a user can record all events coordinated by a particular faculty. In our proposed system some more featured are added which differs it from the existing system such as security.
Student information management system project report ii.pdfKamal Acharya
Our project explains about the student management. This project mainly explains the various actions related to student details. This project shows some ease in adding, editing and deleting the student details. It also provides a less time consuming process for viewing, adding, editing and deleting the marks of the students.
Quality defects in TMT Bars, Possible causes and Potential Solutions.PrashantGoswami42
Maintaining high-quality standards in the production of TMT bars is crucial for ensuring structural integrity in construction. Addressing common defects through careful monitoring, standardized processes, and advanced technology can significantly improve the quality of TMT bars. Continuous training and adherence to quality control measures will also play a pivotal role in minimizing these defects.
CFD Simulation of By-pass Flow in a HRSG module by R&R Consult.pptxR&R Consult
CFD analysis is incredibly effective at solving mysteries and improving the performance of complex systems!
Here's a great example: At a large natural gas-fired power plant, where they use waste heat to generate steam and energy, they were puzzled that their boiler wasn't producing as much steam as expected.
R&R and Tetra Engineering Group Inc. were asked to solve the issue with reduced steam production.
An inspection had shown that a significant amount of hot flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes, where the heat was supposed to be transferred.
R&R Consult conducted a CFD analysis, which revealed that 6.3% of the flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes without transferring heat. The analysis also showed that the flue gas was instead being directed along the sides of the boiler and between the modules that were supposed to capture the heat. This was the cause of the reduced performance.
Based on our results, Tetra Engineering installed covering plates to reduce the bypass flow. This improved the boiler's performance and increased electricity production.
It is always satisfying when we can help solve complex challenges like this. Do your systems also need a check-up or optimization? Give us a call!
Work done in cooperation with James Malloy and David Moelling from Tetra Engineering.
More examples of our work https://www.r-r-consult.dk/en/cases-en/
Vaccine management system project report documentation..pdfKamal Acharya
The Division of Vaccine and Immunization is facing increasing difficulty monitoring vaccines and other commodities distribution once they have been distributed from the national stores. With the introduction of new vaccines, more challenges have been anticipated with this additions posing serious threat to the already over strained vaccine supply chain system in Kenya.
COLLEGE BUS MANAGEMENT SYSTEM PROJECT REPORT.pdfKamal Acharya
The College Bus Management system is completely developed by Visual Basic .NET Version. The application is connect with most secured database language MS SQL Server. The application is develop by using best combination of front-end and back-end languages. The application is totally design like flat user interface. This flat user interface is more attractive user interface in 2017. The application is gives more important to the system functionality. The application is to manage the student’s details, driver’s details, bus details, bus route details, bus fees details and more. The application has only one unit for admin. The admin can manage the entire application. The admin can login into the application by using username and password of the admin. The application is develop for big and small colleges. It is more user friendly for non-computer person. Even they can easily learn how to manage the application within hours. The application is more secure by the admin. The system will give an effective output for the VB.Net and SQL Server given as input to the system. The compiled java program given as input to the system, after scanning the program will generate different reports. The application generates the report for users. The admin can view and download the report of the data. The application deliver the excel format reports. Because, excel formatted reports is very easy to understand the income and expense of the college bus. This application is mainly develop for windows operating system users. In 2017, 73% of people enterprises are using windows operating system. So the application will easily install for all the windows operating system users. The application-developed size is very low. The application consumes very low space in disk. Therefore, the user can allocate very minimum local disk space for this application.
2. Framed buildings are building structures formed by the framed elements
usually in the form of columns and beams, as well as further strengthened as
necessary by the introduction of rigid floor membranes and external walls.
Common forms of framed building structure subdivided into 2 main types:
DEFINITION
INSITU RC FRAME
PREFABRICATED
FRAME
STEEL STRUCTURE
3. RECTANGULAR FRAMED STRUCTURES
•A framed structure is a network of
beams and columns joined up to form the
skeleton framework of the building.
•The structural frame carries the total
load of the building and transfers it to the
foundation.
•Cladding is fixed over the framework, or
infill panels are placed between its
members, to totally enclose the space
within the building.
•Framed structures are easily erected
from pre-made members.
•These members are easily connected
together in the correct sequence to form
the structural framework.
4. • Problems arise when large members are used and when the height of the
structure makes lifting difficult.
• In these situations a crane will be needed to lift the members into place.
• Rectangular frames are usually made from steel but they may also be
made from concrete.
• The multi-storey car park under construction is a concrete framed
structure.
• They are set a right angles to each other to provide support for the floors,
walls and roof
5. A STEEL FRAMED STRUCTURE IN COURSE OF ERECTION
Rectangular framed structures are
used for multi-storey buildings
such as:
Office Blocks
Large Schools
Hotels
Hospitals
or other similar buildings where a
multi-storey structure is required.
The floor space will incorporate a
large number of columns.
6. ADVANTAGES
• Speedy construction due to simplicity in geometry – consist of only
columns and beams as the main structural elements
• Rigid and stable – able to resist tremendous vertical (dead load) and
lateral loads (wind)
• reduced dead load – absent of thick shear wall etc.
• Roofed over at an earlier stage – every floor slab being finished becomes an
cover to protect the lower floors from sun and rain
• offer large unobstructed floor areas – without obstacle between columns
• flexible utilization of space.
• Adaptable to almost any shape
• easily altered within limits of frame – regular or non-regular grid system is
very adaptable in spatial arrangement
• offsite preparation possible – especially for prefabricated construction
using precast concrete or structural steel elements
7. PRINCIPLES OF DESIGNING FRAME
STRUCTURES
As already indicated, the primary function of a skeleton frame is to carry
safely all the loads imposed on the building and this is must do without
deforming excessively under load as a whole or in its parts. In order to fulfill
this function efficiently it must provide in its design and construction adequate:
• STRENGTH AND STABILITY
These are ensured by the use of appropriate materials in suitable forms
applied with due regard to the manner in which a structure and its parts
behave under load.
• FIRE RESISTANCE
An adequate degree of fire resistance in the frame is essential in order that its
structural integrity may be maintained in the event of fire, either for the full
period of a total burn-out or for a long period at least long enough to permit
any occupants of the building to escape.
8. COLUMN
Columns and struts carry load primarily in compression along their length, and
are found in most building structures.
So, principles or criteria of column design can explain as:
• The strength of stocky columns is related to material strength.
• The strength of slender columns is limited by buckling.
• In practice steel columns have to allow for both buckling and material failure,
and for interaction between the two.
• The resistance of a cross-section to buckling is represented by its radius of
gyration.
• End conditions influence buckling behaviour and are accounted for by using
an effective length.
• In practice columns are subject to a combination of compression and
bending.
• Because buckling resistance and actual stress are both related to the size of
the cross-section, iterative design procedures must be used.
9. BEAM
he composite beam design is concerned with sizing the steel section. The philosophy of
designing composite beams is to utilize the implicit strength of the concrete slab. The
form and thickness of this will have been determined by its functional requirements as a
slab.
Design may be governed by any of the following criteria:
• Deflection - the stiffness of the beam will be chosen to minimize deformation.
• Vibration - the stiffness and mass are chosen to prevent unacceptable vibrations,
particularly in settings sensitive to vibrations.
• Bending failure by yielding - where the stress in the cross section exceeds the yield
stress
• Bending failure by lateral torsion buckling - where a flange in compression tends to
buckle sideways or the entire cross-section buckles torsionally
• Shear failure - where the web fails. Slender webs will fail by buckling, rippling in a
phenomenon termed tension field action, but shear failure is also resisted by the
stiffness of the flanges
11. 1. SHEAR WALLS
• First used in 1940, may be described as
vertical, cantilevered beams, which resist
lateral wind and seismic loads acting on a
building transmitted to them by the floor
diaphragms.
EFFECTS IN EARTHQUAKE
Building frame system
with Shear Walls
Typical arrangement of shear walls
12. • A simple building with shear walls at
its ends. Ground motion enters the
building and creates inertial forces
which move the floor diaphragms.
This movement is resisted by the
shear walls, and the forces are
transmitted back down to the
foundation.
Shear wall: vertical analogy
as cantilever beams
2. MOMENT-RESISTING FRAMES
Moment-resisting frames are structures having the traditional beam-column
framing. They carry the gravity loads that are imposed on the floor system.
The floors also function as horizontal diaphragm elements that transfer
lateral forces to the girders and columns. In addition, the girders resist high
moments and shears at the ends of their lengths, which are, in turn,
transferred to the column system. As a result, columns and beams can
become quite large.
13. MOMENT-RESISTING FRAMES
■ Moment-resisting frames can be
constructed ofsteel, concrete, or masonry.
■ Consist of beams and columns in which
bending of these members provides the
resistance to lateral forces.
■ There are two primary types of moment
frames, ordinary and special.
■ Special moment-resisting frames are
detailed to ensure ductile behavior of the
beam-to-column joints and are normally
used in zones of higher seismicity.
■ Steel moment-resisting frames have
been under intensive study and testing.
14. 3. BRACED STRUCTURES
• Braced frames develop their resistance to
lateral forces by the bracing action of
diagonal members. The braces induce
forces in the associated beams and columns
so that all work together like a truss with all
members subjected to stresses that are
primarily axial.
• Braced frames act in the same manner as
shear walls, though they may be of lower
resistance depending on their detailed
design.
• Bracing generally takes the form of steel
rolled sections, circular bar sections, or
tubes; vibrating forces may cause it to
elongate or compress, in this case it loses
its effectiveness and permits large
deformations or collapse of the vertical
structure.
15. • Bracing can be used to stop buildings swaying
over. It helps buildings stand up to the sideways
forces that can occur during earthquakes or high
winds. Bracing members can work in tension or in
compression.
EFFECTS OF EARTHQUAKE
4. BRACED STRUCTURES