Fossil fuel thermal power plants
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School project on sustainable development for the bilingual section of Technology at the IES Praia Barraña school in Boiro, Galicia, Spain. March, 2016.
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Sản xuất năng lượng từ chất thải
Rác thải được thu gom bằng các xe thu gom chuyên dụng và tập kết về một địa điểm. Tại đây, chúng được phân làm ba loại: rác thải mang đi xử lý, rác thải tái sử dụng và rác thải tái chế. Loại rác thải mang đi xử lý là loại đã được loại bỏ thủy tinh, kim loại và các chất khác không thể cháy được (và hầu hết chúng đều có thể tái chế). Quá trình phân loại này được thực hiện tại nguồn, tại nơi thu gom rác, tại bãi tập kết hay nhà máy xử lý…
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Fossil fuel thermal power plants
- 2. Index • Definition • Diagrams • Main components of a thermal power station • How a thermal power station works • Use in Spain • Production in Galicia • Advantages and disadvantages • Conclusions
- 3. Definition A fossil-fuel power station is a power station which burns fossil fuels such as coal, natural gas or oil to produce electricity.
- 4. Diagram
- 5. Diagram
- 6. Diagram
- 7. Main components of a thermal power station Boiler • In this part, the water is transformed into steam, changing its state. This action takes place due to the combustion of natural gas or any other fossil fuels.
- 8. Steam turbine • A machine that collects the water steam and causes the shaft that goes across it to move, thanks to a complex system of pressures and temperatures.
- 9. Generator • A machine that gathers the mechanical energy generated in the shaft inside the turbine and transforms it into electricity.
- 10. How a thermal power station works Electricity is produced from fossil fuels such as coal, fuel oil or natural gas by means of a thermodynamic cycle of water and steam.
- 11. The operation of all the thermal power stations is practically the same, no matter what type of fuel they use: • Coal plants: The fuel must be crushed beforehand. • Fuel oil plants: The fuel is warmed up for an easier use. • Natural gas plants: The fuel does not need storage, as it comes directly through pipelines.
- 12. Use in Spain The thermal power stations in Spain produce approximately half of the electric power generated in the country.
- 13. Production in Galicia • Almost 12 % of the thermoelectric energy in Spain comes from Galicia. • A very important plant is located in As Pontes, A Coruña. It is a thermal power station fed by coal and natural gas. • The other two thermal power stations in Galicia are located in Meirama and Sabón, also within the province of A Coruña.
- 14. Thermal power station situated in As Pontes
- 15. Advantages and disadvantages Advantages: • They are the cheapest power plants to build, specially the coal plants. • They generate more energy than other plants. • They increase the amount of electricity generated with the same type of fuel. • They are much more efficient than other plants.
- 16. Disadvantages: • They generate greenhouse gases and acid rain that can contain heavy metals. • It is a finite source of energy whose use is limited to the duration of the reserves. • Thermal emission can alter local microclimates. • Thermal power plants can alter the fluvial ecosystems due to the spilling of warm water. • The efficiency of these power plants is low in spite of the improvements.
- 17. Conclusions • The atmosphere gets filled with toxic gases that can harm both human beings and the environment. • Thermal power plants play a very important role in the generation of electricity in our country, Spain. • Although they are important for us, thermal plants produce a lot of pollution.