Flexible electronics are being developed that are flexible like human skin. They use flexible plastic substrates and very thin layers of silicon or organic materials. This allows electronics to be built that can bend, stretch, or fold without breaking. Flexible displays using OLED technology promise phones and clothing that can be rolled, crushed, or stretched. Researchers are working to apply flexible circuits to artificial skin, medical sensors, wearable devices, and more. Flexible electronics could revolutionize how we interact with technology in the future.

1. SHRI VAISHNAV INSTITUTE
OF TECHNOLOGY AND
SCIENCE
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND
COMMUNICATION
GUIDED BY-
Mr. RAKESH
GOTHWAL
SUBMITTED BY -
AVINASH
FLEXIBLE AND
STRECHABLE
ELECTRONICS

2. What if You can Roll your
mobile. Drop it. Squish it in
your backpack!!!!

3. What if you have a
embedded display in your T-
Shirt!!!!

4. INTRODUCTION
The electronic circuits has driven advances in technology
for over a half century. Today your cellphones, computer
and even car all rely on the engineering that has made
electronics circuit smaller ,faster and smarter ,but circuits
are mechanically limited they are rigid.Now several
scientists are hoping to change that as a new type of
electronic are developing that are FLEXIBLE as
humans!!

5. What are Flexible Electronics?
Flexible electronics, also known as flex circuits, is a
technology for assembling electronic circuits by
mounting electronic devices on flexible plastic
substrates, such as polyimide, PEEK or transparent
conductive polyester film.

6. Flexible electronics includes
the manufacturing of :-
1. flexible printed circuits,
2. flexible displays,
3. flexible radio frequency
identification (RFID) tags,
4. flexible sensors,
5. flexible batteries and
6. devices not yet developed

7. Methods of building flexible
circuit
• It’s a conventional silicon
wafer if bend it breaks.If you
make it any material thin
enough it becomes
mechanically flexible so a
conventional silicon wafer is
.5mm thick but in flexible
device it is about 100nm thick
because of its thinnes it
becomes floppy

8. Basically there are about 2
methods to building flexible
circuit :-
1.Silicon Island approach :
separate the circuit into parts
components that rely on silicon
which are rigid and cannot be
bend are isolated into tiny
squares and connected by a
flexible strips of metal ,this grid
is then stamped onto an elastic
piece by piece .When the circuit
is bent the stress is sustain in
the thin connectors which have a
range of motion while the device
island strain a bit but do not
break.

9. 2. Buckling Mechanics:
Very thin strips of silicon are bonded to a rubber
like substrate , that has been pre stretched .when
the substrate is then quickly relaxed the silicon
buckle but does not break it accommodates the
strain by forming a herringbone pattern and in that
kind of wave configuration , substrate can stretch
in any direction so does silicon.

10. Organic Light Emitting
Diode(OLED)
• OLEDs are solid-state
devices composed of
thin films of organic
molecules that create
light with the application
of electricity.
• OLEDs - can provide
brighter, crisper displays
on electronic devices
• Use less power than
conventional LEDs or
LCDs used today.

11. OLED Components
• Like an LED, an OLED
is a solid-state
semiconductor device
• 100 to 500
nanometers thick OR
about 200 times
smaller than a human
hair
• OLEDs can have
either two layers or
three layers of organic
material;

12. An OLED consists of the following parts:
1.Substrate - supports the OLED.
2.Anode - removes electrons when a current flows through
the device.
3.Conducting layer - transport "holes" from the anode.
4.Emissive layer- transport electrons from the cathode; this is
where light is made.
5.Cathode - injects electrons when a current flows through
the device.

14. How do OLEDs Emit Light?
OLEDs emit light in a similar manner to LEDs, through a process
called electrophosphorescence.

16. OLED Advantages
OLEDs offer many advantages over both
LCDs and LEDs:
• Thinner, lighter and more flexible than
LED or LCD.
• Lower cost in the future
• Wider viewing angles about 170
degree & improved brightness
• Better power efficiency
• OLEDs are brighter than LEDs
• OLEDs are easier to produce and can
be made to larger sizes.
• Video images could be much more
realistic.

17. OLED seems to be the perfect technology for all types of displays,
but it also has some problems:
•Lifetime - While red and green OLED films have longer
lifetimes (46,000 to 230,000 hours), blue organics currently have
much shorter lifetimes (up to around 14,000 hours).
•Manufacturing - Manufacturing processes are expensive right
now.
•Water - Water can easily damage OLEDs
Disadvantage
s

18. Applications of OLEDs
1. Displays for mobile phones and
portable digital media players,
2. Digital cameras.
3. In heads-up displays, automotive
dashboards, billboard-type
displays, home and office lighting.
4. The newspaper of the future might
be an OLED display and like a
regular newspaper, you could fold it
up when you're done reading it,
stick it in your backpack or
briefcase.

19. Future aspects and applications
of flexible and strechable
electronics
1.Stretchable electronic skin
could connect an artificial hand
to the nervous system.
2.Combat uniforms and helmets
containing flexible, lightweight
impact sensors could help
medics prescribe better
treatment if a soldier is
wounded in an explosion.

20. 3.A neuroscientist who wants
to understand the electrical
storm that occurs in the brain
can use flexible circuit.
4.Flexible circuits would also
make portable devices more
resilient; they could be worn
like clothing or jewellery
rather than carried
5.Flexible solar cells have
been developed for
powering satellites.
.

21. • It is, in short, possible to see
how logic circuits, input
sensors, output displays and
power supplies can all be made
in flexible form. Many firms and
scientist are working and it is
likely to be some time before
you are offered a mobile phone
in the form of a flexible rubber
bracelet, a smart tattoo
attached to your skin, or even
an implant that flexes along with
your body.

22. Flexible and Stretchable electronics
is the Next Big Thing!!!!
Thank you!