Transparent electronics use materials that allow light to pass through while still functioning as electronic devices. They have applications in displays, solar cells, and other devices. Key materials include transparent conductive oxides and thin-film transistors deposited on glass. Advancements have increased conductivity over 200 times. Transparent electronics could enable see-through displays and novel display structures, with challenges remaining in applications and market capture.
TRANSPARENT ELECTRONICS
Abstract: Transparent electronics is an emerging science and technology field focused on producing ‘invisible’ electronic circuitry and opto-electronic devices.
Applications include consumer electronics, new energy sources, and transportation; for example, automobilewindshields could transmit visual information to the driver. Glass in almost any setting could also double as an electronic device, possibly improving security systems or offering transparent displays. In a similar vein, windows could be used to produce electrical power. Other civilian and military applications in this research field include realtime wearable displays.
As for conventional Si/III–V-based electronics, the basic device structure is based on semiconductor junctions and transistors. However, the device building block materials, the semiconductor, the electric contacts, and the ielectric/passivation layers, must now be transparent in the visible –a true challenge! Therefore, the first scientific goal of this technology must be to discover,understand, and implement transparent high-performance electronic materials. The second goal is their implementation and evaluation in transistor and circuit structures.
The electronics during the past 10 years, the classes of materials available for transparent electronics applications have grown dramatically. Historically, this area was dominated by transparent conducting oxides (oxide materials that are both electrically conductive and optically transparent) because of their wide use in antistatic coatings, touch display panels, solar cells, flat panel displays, heaters, defrosters, ‘smart windows’ and optical coatings. All these applications use transparent conductive oxides as passive electrical or optical coatings. The field of transparent conducting oxide (TCO) materials has been reviewed and many treatises on the topic are available. However, more recently there have been tremendous efforts to develop new active materials for functional transparent electronics. These new technologies will require new materials sets, in addition to the TCO component, including conducting, dielectric and semiconducting materials, as well as passive components for full device fabrication.
COMBINING OPTICAL TRANSPARENCY WITH ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITY
Transparent conductors are neither 100% optically transparent nor metallically conductive. From the band structure point of view, the combination of the two properties in the same material is contradictory: a transparent material is an insulator which possesses completely filled valence and empty conduction bands; whereas metallic conductivity appears when the Fermi level lies within a band with a large density of states to provide high carrier concentration. Efficient transparent conductors find their niche in a compromise between a sufficient transmission within the visible spectral range and a moderate but useful in practice electrical conductivity.
this a presentation on transparent electronics. check out a really wonderful technology evolved in...............
Presented by :
1. ISLAM MD RAISUL 13-23674-1
2. HASAN,RAKIB-UL 13-23538-1
3. AZAM MD. AKIBUL 13-23680-1
4. RAHMAN MD. RIFAT 13-23747-1
5. RAHMAN ASHIKUR 13-23293-1
AIUB (EEE)
Course Name : POWER STATION
Transparent electronics is an emerging technology that employs wide band-gap semiconductors for the realization of invisible electronics circuits and optoelectronics devices.
TRANSPARENT ELECTRONICS
Abstract: Transparent electronics is an emerging science and technology field focused on producing ‘invisible’ electronic circuitry and opto-electronic devices.
Applications include consumer electronics, new energy sources, and transportation; for example, automobilewindshields could transmit visual information to the driver. Glass in almost any setting could also double as an electronic device, possibly improving security systems or offering transparent displays. In a similar vein, windows could be used to produce electrical power. Other civilian and military applications in this research field include realtime wearable displays.
As for conventional Si/III–V-based electronics, the basic device structure is based on semiconductor junctions and transistors. However, the device building block materials, the semiconductor, the electric contacts, and the ielectric/passivation layers, must now be transparent in the visible –a true challenge! Therefore, the first scientific goal of this technology must be to discover,understand, and implement transparent high-performance electronic materials. The second goal is their implementation and evaluation in transistor and circuit structures.
The electronics during the past 10 years, the classes of materials available for transparent electronics applications have grown dramatically. Historically, this area was dominated by transparent conducting oxides (oxide materials that are both electrically conductive and optically transparent) because of their wide use in antistatic coatings, touch display panels, solar cells, flat panel displays, heaters, defrosters, ‘smart windows’ and optical coatings. All these applications use transparent conductive oxides as passive electrical or optical coatings. The field of transparent conducting oxide (TCO) materials has been reviewed and many treatises on the topic are available. However, more recently there have been tremendous efforts to develop new active materials for functional transparent electronics. These new technologies will require new materials sets, in addition to the TCO component, including conducting, dielectric and semiconducting materials, as well as passive components for full device fabrication.
COMBINING OPTICAL TRANSPARENCY WITH ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITY
Transparent conductors are neither 100% optically transparent nor metallically conductive. From the band structure point of view, the combination of the two properties in the same material is contradictory: a transparent material is an insulator which possesses completely filled valence and empty conduction bands; whereas metallic conductivity appears when the Fermi level lies within a band with a large density of states to provide high carrier concentration. Efficient transparent conductors find their niche in a compromise between a sufficient transmission within the visible spectral range and a moderate but useful in practice electrical conductivity.
this a presentation on transparent electronics. check out a really wonderful technology evolved in...............
Presented by :
1. ISLAM MD RAISUL 13-23674-1
2. HASAN,RAKIB-UL 13-23538-1
3. AZAM MD. AKIBUL 13-23680-1
4. RAHMAN MD. RIFAT 13-23747-1
5. RAHMAN ASHIKUR 13-23293-1
AIUB (EEE)
Course Name : POWER STATION
Transparent electronics is an emerging technology that employs wide band-gap semiconductors for the realization of invisible electronics circuits and optoelectronics devices.
These slides use concepts from my (Jeff Funk) course entitled analyzing hi-tech opportunities to analyze how transparent electronics are becoming economic feasible. Transparent electronics can turn windows into displays and solar cells and enable more aesthetically pleasing designs. Home, car, and office windows can be used to display information or absorb solar energy. The former is also applicable to contact lenses and glasses. Transparent electronics can also enable new forms of designs such as transparent phones, appliances, and monitors. Improvements in transparent conductive films such as indium tin oxides, other forms of oxides, and graphene enable these transparent displays.
Flexible displays are essentially very thin display screens that can be printed onto flexible or stretchable material and then attached to other surfaces or produced in a variety of shapes
I was presented this ppt in college .........
A durable and flexible display with low-power consumption, high-contrast ratio, has been a technical challenge for nowadays. They have to be lightweight, rugged, and in some cases, conformal, wearable, rollable and unbreakable. The recent successful integration of flexible display technologies and the traditional web-based processing and/or inkjet technologies has opened up the possibility of low cost and high throughput roll-to-roll manufacturing and has shown the potential to replace the paper used today.
A flexible display cannot rely on a normal layer of glass as used in displays common at the time since glass does not fulfill the criteria of flexibility. Instead of glass it is possible to build displays on metal foil and a variety of plastics, each of which pose many difficult issues waiting to be resolved. For example, a plastic substrate replacing glass would need to over some properties of glass, i.e. clarity, dimensional stability, thermal stability, barrier, solvent resistance and a low coefficient of thermal expansion coupled with a smooth surface. No plastic isomers have all these properties, yet, so any plastic-based substrate will almost certainly be a multilayer composite structure.
Seminar report on Flexible Electronics by Sourabh KumarSourabh Kumar
www.androroot.com
Seminar report on Flexible Electronics by Sourabh Kumar
Flexible electronics is a new trend in electronics industry to handle the increasing burden on chips. It is a technology for assembling electronic circuits by mounting electronic devices on flexible plastic substrate. This technology is increasingly being used in a number of applications which benefit from their light weight, favourable dielectric properties, robust, high circuit density and conformable nature. Flexible circuits can be rolled away when not required. To replace glass, plastic substrate must offer properties like clarity, dimensional stability, low coefficient of thermal expansion, elasticity etc. Recent advances in organic and inorganic based electronics proceeds on flexible substrate, offer substantial rewards in terms of being able to develop displays that are thinner , lighter and can be rolled when not in use. This paper will discuss about the properties, preparation methods, applications and challenges in this rapidly growing industry.
Keywords : Electronics, Flexible, Circuits, Silicon, Substrates
OLED - Organic Light Emitting Diode
Today's most rapidly growing technology in World
All display technology now change to OLED
Less Power consumption
Cost Effective
Flexible
Environment Friendly
Organic Light Emitting Diode or OLED
An OLED is a solid state device or electronic device that typically consists of organic thin films sandwiched between two thin film conductive electrodes. When electrical current is applied, a bright light is emitted. OLED use a carbon-based designer molecule that emits light when an electric current passes through it. This is called electrophosphorescence. Even with the layered system, these systems are thin . usually less than 500 nm or about 200 times smaller than a human hair.
These slides use concepts from my (Jeff Funk) course entitled analyzing hi-tech opportunities to analyze how transparent electronics are becoming economic feasible. Transparent electronics can turn windows into displays and solar cells and enable more aesthetically pleasing designs. Home, car, and office windows can be used to display information or absorb solar energy. The former is also applicable to contact lenses and glasses. Transparent electronics can also enable new forms of designs such as transparent phones, appliances, and monitors. Improvements in transparent conductive films such as indium tin oxides, other forms of oxides, and graphene enable these transparent displays.
Flexible displays are essentially very thin display screens that can be printed onto flexible or stretchable material and then attached to other surfaces or produced in a variety of shapes
I was presented this ppt in college .........
A durable and flexible display with low-power consumption, high-contrast ratio, has been a technical challenge for nowadays. They have to be lightweight, rugged, and in some cases, conformal, wearable, rollable and unbreakable. The recent successful integration of flexible display technologies and the traditional web-based processing and/or inkjet technologies has opened up the possibility of low cost and high throughput roll-to-roll manufacturing and has shown the potential to replace the paper used today.
A flexible display cannot rely on a normal layer of glass as used in displays common at the time since glass does not fulfill the criteria of flexibility. Instead of glass it is possible to build displays on metal foil and a variety of plastics, each of which pose many difficult issues waiting to be resolved. For example, a plastic substrate replacing glass would need to over some properties of glass, i.e. clarity, dimensional stability, thermal stability, barrier, solvent resistance and a low coefficient of thermal expansion coupled with a smooth surface. No plastic isomers have all these properties, yet, so any plastic-based substrate will almost certainly be a multilayer composite structure.
Seminar report on Flexible Electronics by Sourabh KumarSourabh Kumar
www.androroot.com
Seminar report on Flexible Electronics by Sourabh Kumar
Flexible electronics is a new trend in electronics industry to handle the increasing burden on chips. It is a technology for assembling electronic circuits by mounting electronic devices on flexible plastic substrate. This technology is increasingly being used in a number of applications which benefit from their light weight, favourable dielectric properties, robust, high circuit density and conformable nature. Flexible circuits can be rolled away when not required. To replace glass, plastic substrate must offer properties like clarity, dimensional stability, low coefficient of thermal expansion, elasticity etc. Recent advances in organic and inorganic based electronics proceeds on flexible substrate, offer substantial rewards in terms of being able to develop displays that are thinner , lighter and can be rolled when not in use. This paper will discuss about the properties, preparation methods, applications and challenges in this rapidly growing industry.
Keywords : Electronics, Flexible, Circuits, Silicon, Substrates
OLED - Organic Light Emitting Diode
Today's most rapidly growing technology in World
All display technology now change to OLED
Less Power consumption
Cost Effective
Flexible
Environment Friendly
Organic Light Emitting Diode or OLED
An OLED is a solid state device or electronic device that typically consists of organic thin films sandwiched between two thin film conductive electrodes. When electrical current is applied, a bright light is emitted. OLED use a carbon-based designer molecule that emits light when an electric current passes through it. This is called electrophosphorescence. Even with the layered system, these systems are thin . usually less than 500 nm or about 200 times smaller than a human hair.
Transparent Electronic PPT
Transparent electronics is an emerging science and technology field focused on producing ‘invisible’ electronic circuitry and opto-electronic devices. Applications include consumer electronics, new energy sources, and transportation; for example, automobile windshields could transmit visual information to the driver. Glass in almost any setting could also double as an electronic device, possibly improving security systems or offering transparent displays. In a similar vein, windows could be used to produce electrical power. Other civilian and military applications in this research field include realtime wearable displays. As for conventional Si/III–V-based electronics, the basic device structure is based on semiconductor junctions and transistors. However, the device building block materials, the semiconductor, the electric contacts, and the dielectric/passivation layers, must now be transparent in the visible –a true challenge! Therefore, the first scientific goal of this technology must be to discover, understand, and implement transparent high-performance electronic materials. The second goal is their implementation and evaluation in transistor and circuit structures. The third goal relates to achieving application-specific properties since transistor performance and materials property requirements vary, depending on the final product device specifications. Consequently, to enable this revolutionary technology requires bringing together expertise from various pure and applied sciences, including materials science, chemistry, physics, electrical/electronic/circuit engineering, and display science.
Transparent electronics is an emerging science and technology field concentrates on producing ‘invisible’ electronics circuit and optoelectronics devices. The application contains consumer electronics such as automobile windshield, transparent solar panel, transparent display and real time wearable display. In the conventional Si/III-V based electronics, the structure is based on semiconductor junction & transistor. However, the basic building material for transparent electronic devices which is to be transparent and in visible range is a true challenge. Therefore, to understand and implement such technology there are two scientific goals, to have a material which are optically transparent and electrically conductive and to implement an invisible circuitry. Development of such invisible transparent electronic devices needs expertise together from pure and applied science, material science, chemistry, physics &electronic science.
Features foldable electronics
I know perfectly that many people could think: Hey guy, this stuff is only a dream, good for some sci-fi movies.
This general opinion is normal because so far we have seen electronics always opaque but, before show these project, I wanted to be sure they were feasible.
Well, if you read the ebook " A foldable world" - http://www.biodomotica.com/foldable-nanotech.htm - you will find that all this is true.
Most important universities, companies and research centers around the world are working on nanotechnology and on projects that I like: transparent electronics.
You don't need a Ph.D. in Physics to understand articles inside the ebook. At the end of reading you will begin to ask for a new foldable & transparent laptop ;-)
These devices are not yet available but are NOT sci-fi.
Printed electronics and nanotechnology will rules and changes the world before than you think.
Forget what have seen so far about electronic gadgets: printed electronics is coming with new unbelievable features.
This products will be thin, light, without wires, flexible, water-proof, shock resistant, low energy, solar recharge and recyclable.
This technology will be out of laboratory and completely available by a few years, so it’s not too early to think how the nanotechnology will change our life and how interact with invisible electronics.
Transparent and foldable electronic is a part of the coming printed electronics and these forecasts are my personal point of view:
Electronics should be user-friendly and eco-friendly, cheap and standard.
Some products will have only 2 dimensions. If you want 3rd dimension is possible use packaging technology (boxes) or glued printed electronics sheets or print directly on surfaces of 3d objects.
Philosophy of product designer is going to be more near to fashion designers or graphic designers:
products thought as dress, using ribbons and sheets.
Transparent and thin means not only invisible electronics but you can also customize it with your creativity.
Help and tutorial “how use it” are visible on the products’ surface.
With “artificial muscles” inside is possible move, vibrate or open printed sheets.
Using surface’s treatment like gecko's paws is possible shape or attach devices everywhere.
Solar nanocells recharge devices by sun or infrared rays.
Without wires for electric energy is possible use it everywhere.
Neither fall or water can damage our precious electronic friend.
Can we just imagine of having a TV which can be rolled up? Wouldn’t you like to be able to read off the screen of your laptop in direct sunlight? Your mobile phone battery to last much, much longer? Or your next flat screen TV to be less expensive, much flatter, and even flexible? Well, now it is possible by an emerging technology based on the revolutionary discovery that, light emitting, fast switching diode could be made from polymers as well as semiconductors.OLED
A durable and flexible display with low-power consumption, high-contrast ratio, has been a technical challenge for years. They have to be lightweight, rugged, and in some cases, conformal, wearable, rollable and unbreakable. The recent successful integration of flexible display technologies and the traditional web-based processing and/or inkjet technologies has opened up the possibility of low cost and high throughput roll-to-roll manufacturing and has shown the potential to replace the paper used today.
Explore the innovative world of trenchless pipe repair with our comprehensive guide, "The Benefits and Techniques of Trenchless Pipe Repair." This document delves into the modern methods of repairing underground pipes without the need for extensive excavation, highlighting the numerous advantages and the latest techniques used in the industry.
Learn about the cost savings, reduced environmental impact, and minimal disruption associated with trenchless technology. Discover detailed explanations of popular techniques such as pipe bursting, cured-in-place pipe (CIPP) lining, and directional drilling. Understand how these methods can be applied to various types of infrastructure, from residential plumbing to large-scale municipal systems.
Ideal for homeowners, contractors, engineers, and anyone interested in modern plumbing solutions, this guide provides valuable insights into why trenchless pipe repair is becoming the preferred choice for pipe rehabilitation. Stay informed about the latest advancements and best practices in the field.
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Welcome to WIPAC Monthly the magazine brought to you by the LinkedIn Group Water Industry Process Automation & Control.
In this month's edition, along with this month's industry news to celebrate the 13 years since the group was created we have articles including
A case study of the used of Advanced Process Control at the Wastewater Treatment works at Lleida in Spain
A look back on an article on smart wastewater networks in order to see how the industry has measured up in the interim around the adoption of Digital Transformation in the Water Industry.
Quality defects in TMT Bars, Possible causes and Potential Solutions.PrashantGoswami42
Maintaining high-quality standards in the production of TMT bars is crucial for ensuring structural integrity in construction. Addressing common defects through careful monitoring, standardized processes, and advanced technology can significantly improve the quality of TMT bars. Continuous training and adherence to quality control measures will also play a pivotal role in minimizing these defects.
About
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Technical Specifications
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
Key Features
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system
• Copatiable with IDM8000 CCR
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
Application
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Final project report on grocery store management system..pdfKamal Acharya
In today’s fast-changing business environment, it’s extremely important to be able to respond to client needs in the most effective and timely manner. If your customers wish to see your business online and have instant access to your products or services.
Online Grocery Store is an e-commerce website, which retails various grocery products. This project allows viewing various products available enables registered users to purchase desired products instantly using Paytm, UPI payment processor (Instant Pay) and also can place order by using Cash on Delivery (Pay Later) option. This project provides an easy access to Administrators and Managers to view orders placed using Pay Later and Instant Pay options.
In order to develop an e-commerce website, a number of Technologies must be studied and understood. These include multi-tiered architecture, server and client-side scripting techniques, implementation technologies, programming language (such as PHP, HTML, CSS, JavaScript) and MySQL relational databases. This is a project with the objective to develop a basic website where a consumer is provided with a shopping cart website and also to know about the technologies used to develop such a website.
This document will discuss each of the underlying technologies to create and implement an e- commerce website.
Industrial Training at Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL)MdTanvirMahtab2
This presentation is about the working procedure of Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL). A Govt. owned Company of Bangladesh Chemical Industries Corporation under Ministry of Industries.
2. Ever you wondered that you are
travelling in a car and you want to
watch a movie or play video and the
glass shields i.e. window panels will
turn into a television screen or working
on a computer that simply looks like a
glass sheet just like the future computer
in movie “Krrish” or holding a
transparent iPhone…!!!
It is possible with the help of
transparent electronics.
2
4. INTRODUCTION
Transparent electronics (also called as invisible
electronics) is an emerging technology.
It employs wide band-gap semiconductors for the
realization of invisible circuits and opto-electronic
devices.
The first scientific goal of this technology must be to
discover, understand, and implement transparent high-
performance electronic materials.
The second goal is their implementation and
evaluation in transistor and circuit structures.
The third goal relates to achieving application-
specific properties since transistor performance and
materials property requirements vary, depending on the
final product device specifications. 4
5. 5
PRE-HISTORY
The two technologies which preceded and
underlie transparent electronics are Transparent
Conductive Oxides (TCOs) and Thin- Film
Transistors (TFTs).
TCOs constitute an unusual class of materials
possessing two contradictory physical properties-
high optical transparency and high electrical
conductivity. The three most common TCOs are
indium oxide In2O3, tin oxide SnO2 and zinc
oxide ZnO2.
The thin-film transistor (TFTs) is another
technology underlying transparent electronics,
since it is a bridge between passive electrical and
active electronic applications. But it does not
evolve a fully transparent transistor.
Material
Bandgap
(eV)
Conductivity
(Scm-1)
(siemen/cm)
Electron
Concentration
(cm-3)
Mobility
(cm2V-1s-1)
In2O3 3.75 10,000 >1021 35
ZnO2 3.35 8,000 >1021 20
SnO2 3.6 5,000 >1020 15
Electrical properties of
common TCOs
6. Transparent conductive oxides
Transparent conductive oxides (TCO) are doped metal oxides used in optoelectronic
devices such as flat panel displays and photovoltaic. Most of these films are fabricated
with polycrystalline or amorphous microstructures.
Thin-film transistor (TFT)
A thin-film transistor (TFT) is a special kind of field-effect transistor made by
depositing thin films of an active semiconductor layer as well as the dielectric layer
and metallic contacts over a supporting (but non-conducting) substrate. A common
substrate is glass , because the primary application of TFTs is in liquid-crystal displays.
6
7. HOW TRANSPARENT ELECTRONIC
DEVICES WORK?
7
The challenge for producing "invisible"
electronic circuitry and opto-electronic devices
is that the transistor materials must be
transparent to visible light yet have good carrier
mobilities which requires a special class of
materials having "contra-indicated properties".
Oxide semiconductors are very interesting
materials because they combine simultaneously
high/low conductivity with high visual
transparency.
Transparent oxide semiconductor based
transistors have recently been proposed using
as active channel intrinsic zinc oxide (ZnO).
8. The main advantages of using ZnO are:
1. The fact that it is possible to growth at/near
room temperature high quality polycrystalline
ZnO, which is a particular advantage for
electronic drivers, where the response speed is
of major importance.
2. Since ZnO is a wide band gap material (3.4
eV), it is transparent in the visible region of the
spectra and therefore, also less light sensitive.
The second is amorphous oxides with heavy metal
content, such as amorphous InGaZnO4 (a-IGZO)
also used in this application.
A comparison of ZnO and a-IGZO(indium gallium
zinc oxide)shows that ZnO has the lead when it
comes to carrier mobility. At present, though, a-
IGZO is the material of choice for large-area
displays, electronic paper utilizing low-temperature
processing, etc.
Oxides play key role:
Oxides
ZnO InGaZnO4
The major substrate
used for this
purpose is Glass.
Diamon
d
Glass
9. ADVANCEMENTS MADE IN
TRANSPARENT ELECTRONICS
Researchers at Oregon State University and Hewlett Packard have reported their
first example of an entirely new class of materials which could be used to make
transparent transistors that are inexpensive, stable, and environmentally begin.
9
Significant advances in the emerging
science of transparent electronics, creating
transparent "p-type" semiconductors that
have more than 200 times the conductivity
of the best materials available for that
purpose a few years ago.
This basic research is opening the door to
new types of electronic circuits that, when
deposited onto glass, are literally invisible.
10. 10
Characteristics other than Transparency.
Transparent semiconductors, in addition to being transparent, have a
number of useful characteristics, including a wide band gap, relatively
high carrier mobility, low-temperature manufacturability, and low
manufacturing costs thanks to the low-temperature process and
inexpensive materials. As a result, R&D into properties other than
transparency is also active.
Lets consider the properties of materials
other than transparency and their
applications…
11. 11
APPLICATIONS OF TRANSPARENT
ELECTRONICS
Transparent circuits will have
unprecedented applications in flat panel
displays and other electronic devices,
such as see through display or novel
display structures.
They have been widely used in a
variety of applications like:
1. Antistatic coatings
2. Touch display panels
3. Solar cells,
4. Flat panel displays
5. Heaters
6. Defrosters
7. Optical coatings.
and many more….
12. 12
MARKET OF TRANSPARENT ELECTRONICS
There are four critical aspects of “transparency” that the design and marketing of transparent
electronics products needs to focus on for it to become a serious revenue earner. These
factors are:
• Integration
• Improved economics
• Aspects of transparent materials that are not directly related to transparency.
The transparent electronic devices in the
market have many challenges to overcome in
order to capture the market like current apps
for transparent electronics are quite primitive.
This is the major distraction in the path of
these invisible devices…!!!
13. 13
Future Scope
In the field of solar cells, although much
progress has been made in developing new
materials and devices for high performance
transparent solar cells, there is still plenty of
opportunity to study and improve device
performance and fabrication techniques
compared with the nontransparent solar cell
devices.
It is likely that new scientific discoveries
and technological advances will continue to
cross fertilize each other for the foreseeable
future.
14. 14
CONCLUSION
Oxides represent a relatively new class of
semiconductor materials applied to active
devices, such as TFTs.
The combination of high field effect
mobility and low processing temperature for
oxide semiconductors makes them attractive
for high performance electronics on flexible
plastic substrates.