This document discusses fire safety systems and codes. It covers awareness of fire hazards, fire codes established by the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA), fire extinguishers, fire alarm systems, fire suppression systems like sprinklers, and fire construction requirements. The document provides an overview of each topic with examples and emphasizes the importance of code compliance, system maintenance, and hazard awareness for fire safety.

2. Overview
 Awareness of Fire Hazards
 Fire Safety Systems
○ Fire Codes
○ Fire Extinguishers
○ Fire Alarms
○ Fire Suppression
○ Fire Construction and Containment
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3. Group Exercise
What are some fire hazards
that you may encounter
in your facilities?
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4. Overview
 Fire Codes
 Fire Extinguishers
 Fire Alarm Systems
 Fire Suppression
 Fire Construction &
Containment
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5. Fire Codes
 National Fire Protection Association (NFPA)
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6. National Fire Protection Association (NFPA)
 NFPA 13 – Fire Sprinklers
 System requirements & installation
 Water supplies
 System inspection, testing, & maintenance
 NFPA 72 – Fire Alarms
 System design requirements
 Inspection, testing, & maintenance
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7. Authority Having Jurisdiction (AHJ)
Enforcement Regulations
Community Colleges Division of State
Architect (DSA)
State Fire Marshal
(SFM)
State Universities SFM SFM
UCs Designated Campus
Fire Marshal (DCFM)
SFM
Private Universities Local Fire Agency Local Fire Agency/SFM
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8. Fire Code Questions?
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9. Overview
 Fire Codes
 Fire Extinguishers
 Fire Alarm Systems
 Fire Suppression
 Fire Construction &
Containment
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10. Fire Extinguishers
 Elements of all fires
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11. Fire Extinguisher Classifications
 Classifications:
 Class A - Ordinary Combustibles
○ Paper, cloth, wood, and some Plastics
 Class B - Flammable Liquids or Gasses
○ Liquids: Gasoline, Oil, Grease, Solvents
○ Gases: Acetylene, Methane, Hydrogen
 Class C - Energized Electrical Equipment
○ Equipment Connected to Electrical Source
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12. Extinguisher Ratings
 Sample extinguisher UL listing
4-A:20-B:C
○ Good for Class A, B, and C fires
○ Will extinguish twice as much Class A fire as a 2-A
rated extinguisher
○ Will extinguish 20 times as much Class B fire as a
1-B rated extinguisher
○ Suitable for Class C fires
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13. Use of Fire Extinguisher
P - Pull the Pin
A - Aim at Base of Fire
S - Squeeze the Trigger
S - Sweep from Side to Side
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14. Inspect Fire Extinguisher
 Is this fire extinguisher
ready to be used?
 Locking pin and security seal
 Pressure gauge
 State Fire Marshal tag
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15. Fire Extinguisher Questions?
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16. Overview
 Fire Codes
 Fire Extinguishers
 Fire Alarm Systems
 Fire Suppression
 Fire Construction &
Containment
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17. Fire Alarm Systems
 System Selection based
on:
 Building occupant safety
 Satisfy building codes or
AHJ requirements
 Property protection
 First responder safety
 Environmental protection
 Combination of above
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18. Fire Detection
 Spark/Ember Detectors
 Flame Detectors
 Combination
 Radiant Energy
 UV
 IR
 Smoke Detector
 Ionization
 Photoelectric
 Heat Detectors
 Fixed Temperature
 Rate-of-Rise
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19. Manual Pull Stations
 Usually located near exit
on wall
 Sends signal to fire alarm
system which in turn
places the building into
alarm
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20. Notification Appliances
 Audible alarms
 Horns
 Bells
 Chimes
 Visual alarms
 Voice Communication
 Assembly occupancies
 High rises
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21. Fire Alarm Questions?
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22. Overview
 Fire Codes
 Fire Extinguishers
 Fire Alarm Systems
 Fire Suppression
 Fire Construction &
Containment
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23. Fire Suppression Systems
 4 categories of sprinkler systems
 Wet-Pipe
 Dry-Pipe
 Preaction
 Deluge
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24. Wet-Pipe System (Sprinklers)
 System contains water under pressure at all
times
 Series of closed sprinkler heads
 Heat activates sprinkler head
 Water discharged immediately from
sprinkler head
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25. How do Wet-Pipe Systems/Sprinklers Work?
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Sprinkler head
As temperature rises
the bulb will shatter
Water is
released
and
deflected in
a spray
pattern
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26. Dry-Pipe System
 System contains air under pressure
 Compressor on system keeps pressure up
 Sprinkler heads hold the pressure
 Valve holds back water supply
 Valve opens when pressure falls below a predetermined
level in the pipes
 Heat activates sprinkler head
 Water discharged immediately from sprinkler head
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27. How do Dry-Pipe Systems Work?
1. Heat Activated, sprinklers head opens
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2. Pressure Drop
3. Valve Opens
4. Water sent to all sprinkler heads
5. Water Discharges from activated head
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28. Preaction System
 System contains air under pressure
 Compressor on system keeps pressure up
 Water held back by preaction valve
 Supplemental detection
 Operation of detection system allows preaction valve
to open and water fills system
 Water not discharged until fire has generated sufficient
heat to activate a sprinkler head
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29. How do Pre-Action Systems Work?
1. Smoke Activated, opens primer in valve
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2. Pressure Drop
3. Valve Opens
4. Water sent to all sprinkler heads
5. Water Discharges from activated head
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30. Deluge Systems
 Deliver large quantities of water over a specified area in a
short period of time
 Piping at atmospheric pressure
 Sprinkler heads are in open position
 Deluge valve keeps water back
 Supplemental detection activated deluge valve
 Water discharged from all heads immediately
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31. Sprinkler Flow Alarms
 Switches to detect
water flow
 Fire alarm system
activated when water
flow detected
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32. Fire Pumps
 Used when hydraulic
demand exceeds public
supply capacity
 Components
 Pump and motor
 Controllers (fire pump and
jockey pump)
 Jockey pump
 Water tank
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33. Water Supply
 Standpipe System
 Class I – Intended for Fire Department use
 Class II – Intended for trained occupants
 Class III – Provided with 2 ½ inch and 1 ½ inch hose
connections
 Fire Department Connection
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34. Overview
 Fire Codes
 Fire Extinguishers
 Fire Alarm Systems
 Fire Suppression
 Fire Construction &
Containment
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35. Construction and Containment
 Buildings classified by 9 levels of fire resistant
materials (e.g. walls, roofs, columns)
High level – Type I (High Rise)
Low Level – Type V Non-Rated (Homes)
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36. Examples of Construction & Containment
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 Closing fire doors
 Fire penetrations around
pipes in rated walls
 Fire/Smoke dampers
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37. Know Your Building
 Become familiar with:
 Locations of sprinklers and standpipe
 Location of fire alarm devices
 Locations of exits and egress
 Emergency evacuation routes
 Do you have emergency power – where located?
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38. Fire Construction & Containment
Questions?
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39. Conclusions
 Codes drive facility fire and life safety
requirements
 Know what codes apply to your operation
 Find out who is your AHJ
 Maintain fire and life safety systems at all times
 Always report non-operational fire systems to
your appropriate department
 Be aware of fire hazards – report as
appropriate
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