This presentation includes definition, causes, types of fire extinguishers, types of fire component system, NBC regulations, types of sprinklers, fire escapes , Building Planning Consideration for fire prevention, how to escape the fire, capacity of exits, occupants per unit exit width, travel distance, and calculations.
Fire fighting, types of fires, types of fire extinguishers, building management systems, sprinkler systems, heat and smoke sensors.
http://www.greenarchworld.com/
Rajyog Fire Services Pvt. Ltd. established in the year 1992. The Proprietor of the company Mr. Yogesh Asher is a fire protection engineers and contractors and have experience in fire protection field for more than 25 years.
We have highly qualified & well Experienced Engineers supported by skilled & experienced erection team members consisting of Supervisors and work force who specialize in erection of fire Safety devices and related fabrication & installation etc.
The company provides sophisticated technical tools needed to safeguard lives and property from fire.
This presentation deals with the capacity of Fire Escapes, no. of fire escapes required in a building and the different Fire Escape system along with their functionality...
described definition ..all types of fire protection devices...fire alarm systems..fire detector systems..standards for designing building in case of afire,emergency exit,safety factors...
This presentation includes definition, causes, types of fire extinguishers, types of fire component system, NBC regulations, types of sprinklers, fire escapes , Building Planning Consideration for fire prevention, how to escape the fire, capacity of exits, occupants per unit exit width, travel distance, and calculations.
Fire fighting, types of fires, types of fire extinguishers, building management systems, sprinkler systems, heat and smoke sensors.
http://www.greenarchworld.com/
Rajyog Fire Services Pvt. Ltd. established in the year 1992. The Proprietor of the company Mr. Yogesh Asher is a fire protection engineers and contractors and have experience in fire protection field for more than 25 years.
We have highly qualified & well Experienced Engineers supported by skilled & experienced erection team members consisting of Supervisors and work force who specialize in erection of fire Safety devices and related fabrication & installation etc.
The company provides sophisticated technical tools needed to safeguard lives and property from fire.
This presentation deals with the capacity of Fire Escapes, no. of fire escapes required in a building and the different Fire Escape system along with their functionality...
described definition ..all types of fire protection devices...fire alarm systems..fire detector systems..standards for designing building in case of afire,emergency exit,safety factors...
It has become more apparent over the years how important it is to have adequate fire protection in every building. For most people (Non-technical), what comes to mind when they think of fire protection are Sprinkler system, smoke detectors and fire extinguishers. However, these two elements only cover a small portion of the protection services you should have at all times. There are in fact two types of fire protection: Active Fire Protection (AFP) and Passive Fire Protection (PFP). One type of protection must not be chosen over the other. On the contrary, both AFP and PFP must be used together for full fire protection. It is important to understand the difference between AFP and PFP so that you are confident that your building is protected by both types.
Provision for fire protection in high rise buildingsAarti Rani
Protection against fire, building code as described in NBC. For designers and architects, looking for all the measures that should be taken while designing a high rise apartment according to National Building code of india.
Fire hydrant installation consists of a system of pipe work connected directly to the water supply main to provide water to each and every hydrant outlet and is intended to provide water for the firemen to fight a fire. The water is discharged into the fire engine form which it is then pumped and sprayed over fire. Where the water supply is not reliable or inadequate, hydrant pumps should be provided to pressurize the fire mains.
- Introduction to Fire Fighting
- Fire Systems Classification
- Fire Protection Systems
- Fire Fighting Systems Control
- A Brief history about Firefighting
- History of Fire Sprinkler Systems
- History of Fire Detection
It has become more apparent over the years how important it is to have adequate fire protection in every building. For most people (Non-technical), what comes to mind when they think of fire protection are Sprinkler system, smoke detectors and fire extinguishers. However, these two elements only cover a small portion of the protection services you should have at all times. There are in fact two types of fire protection: Active Fire Protection (AFP) and Passive Fire Protection (PFP). One type of protection must not be chosen over the other. On the contrary, both AFP and PFP must be used together for full fire protection. It is important to understand the difference between AFP and PFP so that you are confident that your building is protected by both types.
Provision for fire protection in high rise buildingsAarti Rani
Protection against fire, building code as described in NBC. For designers and architects, looking for all the measures that should be taken while designing a high rise apartment according to National Building code of india.
Fire hydrant installation consists of a system of pipe work connected directly to the water supply main to provide water to each and every hydrant outlet and is intended to provide water for the firemen to fight a fire. The water is discharged into the fire engine form which it is then pumped and sprayed over fire. Where the water supply is not reliable or inadequate, hydrant pumps should be provided to pressurize the fire mains.
- Introduction to Fire Fighting
- Fire Systems Classification
- Fire Protection Systems
- Fire Fighting Systems Control
- A Brief history about Firefighting
- History of Fire Sprinkler Systems
- History of Fire Detection
Comprehensive fire safety guidelines for everyoneA
Have you ever wondered why fire drills take place in your office or school? It’s because of the fire safety regulations in the UK. The employers need to ensure the safety of the employees in the business premises. However, fire safety precautions are mandatory for all. In this article, we tried to compile comprehensive fire safety guidelines for everyone.
If you are interested in fire safety for your workplace, you can explore our blog that covers all aspects of workplace safety. Here, you’ll get necessary information on carrying out risk assessment for fire protection.
Learn more about the classes of fire, fire safety equipment, usage of fire extinguishers, fire evacuation plans and fire safety laws in the UK. Finally, download a fire safety maintenance checklist that you can use for your organization.
The Fire and Rescue Service Books is a guidance for organize a safe system of...Mario Robusti
Operational guidance for incidents involving hazardous material.
In everyday language "hazardous materials" means solids, liquids, or gases that can wound people, other living organisms, or damage property, or the environment. They not only include materials that are toxic, radioactive, flammable, explosive, corrosive, oxidizers, asphyxiates, biohazards, pathogen or allergen substances and organisms, but also materials with physical conditions or other characteristics that render them hazardous in specific circumstances, such as compressed gases and liquids, or hot/cold materials.
The Department for Communities & local Government, with collaboration of CFRA (Chief Fire & Rescue Adviser) publish in 2012 an interesting guideline for a bettere organization of the incident ground, following safe and correct procedure. The target of this operational guidance, about the "incident involving hazardous materials" is to provide an unvaried approach for common operational practices. This simple rules could give a better explanation about the interoperability between fire and rescue services, other emergency responders, industry experts and other relevant groups. These common principles, practices and procedures are intended to support the development of safe systems of work on the incident ground and to enhance national resilience.
This book promotes and enhance good practice within the Fire and Rescue Service and is offered as a current industry standard. It is envisaged that this will help establish high standards of efficiency and safety in the interests of employers, employees and the general public.
The Guidance, which is compiled using the best sources of information known at the date of issue, is intended for use by competent persons. The application of the guidance does not remove the need for appropriate technical and managerial judgement in practical situations with due regard to local circumstances, nor does it confer any immunity or exemption from relevant legal requirements, including by-laws.Those investigating compliance with the law may refer to this guidance as illustrating an industry standard.
This book could contain interesting suggestion that could interest also Firefighters, first responder and EMS from different country, wich not follow law, guidelines or practices from United Kingdom or Commonwealth Countries.
Major incidents involving hazardous materials in the United Kingdom are rare. Such incidents place significant demands on local fire and rescue services and often require resources and support from other fire and rescue services and emergency responders.
However smaller scale incidents involving hazardous materials are more prevalent and these may require a response from any fire and rescue service in England.
The Fire and Rescue Service Operational Guidance – Incidents involving hazardous materials provid
These Seven Simple Steps to Life Safety help readers test how well buildings are equipped to respond to a fire in order to save lives and prevent property loss.
energy conservative and efficient technologies in industriesKamran Hassan
Variable Frequency Drive
Energy Efficient Motor
Thermo Compressor
Biogas Plant
Diffuser
Cogeneration
Use Of Boiler’s Flue Gases/Exhaust In Economizer
HP Boiler
Fire detectors - Aspiratory smoke detectorKamran Hassan
Aspirated smoke detection (ASD) is a method of smoke detection where the air from the protected area is actively drawn through a network of air sampling pipes, passed through a central detection unit and sampled for the presence of smoke.
Basic requirement for fire suppression piping - ECARO-25Kamran Hassan
Design requirements of fire suppression system like tee factor, concentration at different temperature, min pressure, nozzle design and min flow rate for fire extinguishing agent
Fire alarm , detection and suppression systemKamran Hassan
fire detection and suppression system. Types of fire and different fire extinguishing material and agents like FM200, NOVEC and ECARO, water, foam and dry agents
COMMON PROBLEMS AND CHALLENGES IN DATA CENTRESKamran Hassan
in this paper common problems and challenges of data center have been identified and methods have been explained to improve the efficiency and reliability of data center
it explains
Temperature Classes
Causes of High Temperature
Cooling Symbol
ONAN (oil natural air natural).
ONWF (oil natural water forced).
ONAF (oil natural air forced).
OFAN (oil forced air natural).
OFWF (oil forced water forced).
• Directed cooling or zig-zag cooling
• Non directed cooling or axial cooling
• Fully directed cooling or pumped cooling
Automobile Management System Project Report.pdfKamal Acharya
The proposed project is developed to manage the automobile in the automobile dealer company. The main module in this project is login, automobile management, customer management, sales, complaints and reports. The first module is the login. The automobile showroom owner should login to the project for usage. The username and password are verified and if it is correct, next form opens. If the username and password are not correct, it shows the error message.
When a customer search for a automobile, if the automobile is available, they will be taken to a page that shows the details of the automobile including automobile name, automobile ID, quantity, price etc. “Automobile Management System” is useful for maintaining automobiles, customers effectively and hence helps for establishing good relation between customer and automobile organization. It contains various customized modules for effectively maintaining automobiles and stock information accurately and safely.
When the automobile is sold to the customer, stock will be reduced automatically. When a new purchase is made, stock will be increased automatically. While selecting automobiles for sale, the proposed software will automatically check for total number of available stock of that particular item, if the total stock of that particular item is less than 5, software will notify the user to purchase the particular item.
Also when the user tries to sale items which are not in stock, the system will prompt the user that the stock is not enough. Customers of this system can search for a automobile; can purchase a automobile easily by selecting fast. On the other hand the stock of automobiles can be maintained perfectly by the automobile shop manager overcoming the drawbacks of existing system.
Hybrid optimization of pumped hydro system and solar- Engr. Abdul-Azeez.pdffxintegritypublishin
Advancements in technology unveil a myriad of electrical and electronic breakthroughs geared towards efficiently harnessing limited resources to meet human energy demands. The optimization of hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems plays a pivotal role in utilizing natural resources effectively. This initiative not only benefits humanity but also fosters environmental sustainability. The study investigated the design optimization of these hybrid systems, focusing on understanding solar radiation patterns, identifying geographical influences on solar radiation, formulating a mathematical model for system optimization, and determining the optimal configuration of PV panels and pumped hydro storage. Through a comparative analysis approach and eight weeks of data collection, the study addressed key research questions related to solar radiation patterns and optimal system design. The findings highlighted regions with heightened solar radiation levels, showcasing substantial potential for power generation and emphasizing the system's efficiency. Optimizing system design significantly boosted power generation, promoted renewable energy utilization, and enhanced energy storage capacity. The study underscored the benefits of optimizing hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems for sustainable energy usage. Optimizing the design of solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems as examined across diverse climatic conditions in a developing country, not only enhances power generation but also improves the integration of renewable energy sources and boosts energy storage capacities, particularly beneficial for less economically prosperous regions. Additionally, the study provides valuable insights for advancing energy research in economically viable areas. Recommendations included conducting site-specific assessments, utilizing advanced modeling tools, implementing regular maintenance protocols, and enhancing communication among system components.
Forklift Classes Overview by Intella PartsIntella Parts
Discover the different forklift classes and their specific applications. Learn how to choose the right forklift for your needs to ensure safety, efficiency, and compliance in your operations.
For more technical information, visit our website https://intellaparts.com
CFD Simulation of By-pass Flow in a HRSG module by R&R Consult.pptxR&R Consult
CFD analysis is incredibly effective at solving mysteries and improving the performance of complex systems!
Here's a great example: At a large natural gas-fired power plant, where they use waste heat to generate steam and energy, they were puzzled that their boiler wasn't producing as much steam as expected.
R&R and Tetra Engineering Group Inc. were asked to solve the issue with reduced steam production.
An inspection had shown that a significant amount of hot flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes, where the heat was supposed to be transferred.
R&R Consult conducted a CFD analysis, which revealed that 6.3% of the flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes without transferring heat. The analysis also showed that the flue gas was instead being directed along the sides of the boiler and between the modules that were supposed to capture the heat. This was the cause of the reduced performance.
Based on our results, Tetra Engineering installed covering plates to reduce the bypass flow. This improved the boiler's performance and increased electricity production.
It is always satisfying when we can help solve complex challenges like this. Do your systems also need a check-up or optimization? Give us a call!
Work done in cooperation with James Malloy and David Moelling from Tetra Engineering.
More examples of our work https://www.r-r-consult.dk/en/cases-en/
Vaccine management system project report documentation..pdfKamal Acharya
The Division of Vaccine and Immunization is facing increasing difficulty monitoring vaccines and other commodities distribution once they have been distributed from the national stores. With the introduction of new vaccines, more challenges have been anticipated with this additions posing serious threat to the already over strained vaccine supply chain system in Kenya.
Explore the innovative world of trenchless pipe repair with our comprehensive guide, "The Benefits and Techniques of Trenchless Pipe Repair." This document delves into the modern methods of repairing underground pipes without the need for extensive excavation, highlighting the numerous advantages and the latest techniques used in the industry.
Learn about the cost savings, reduced environmental impact, and minimal disruption associated with trenchless technology. Discover detailed explanations of popular techniques such as pipe bursting, cured-in-place pipe (CIPP) lining, and directional drilling. Understand how these methods can be applied to various types of infrastructure, from residential plumbing to large-scale municipal systems.
Ideal for homeowners, contractors, engineers, and anyone interested in modern plumbing solutions, this guide provides valuable insights into why trenchless pipe repair is becoming the preferred choice for pipe rehabilitation. Stay informed about the latest advancements and best practices in the field.
COLLEGE BUS MANAGEMENT SYSTEM PROJECT REPORT.pdfKamal Acharya
The College Bus Management system is completely developed by Visual Basic .NET Version. The application is connect with most secured database language MS SQL Server. The application is develop by using best combination of front-end and back-end languages. The application is totally design like flat user interface. This flat user interface is more attractive user interface in 2017. The application is gives more important to the system functionality. The application is to manage the student’s details, driver’s details, bus details, bus route details, bus fees details and more. The application has only one unit for admin. The admin can manage the entire application. The admin can login into the application by using username and password of the admin. The application is develop for big and small colleges. It is more user friendly for non-computer person. Even they can easily learn how to manage the application within hours. The application is more secure by the admin. The system will give an effective output for the VB.Net and SQL Server given as input to the system. The compiled java program given as input to the system, after scanning the program will generate different reports. The application generates the report for users. The admin can view and download the report of the data. The application deliver the excel format reports. Because, excel formatted reports is very easy to understand the income and expense of the college bus. This application is mainly develop for windows operating system users. In 2017, 73% of people enterprises are using windows operating system. So the application will easily install for all the windows operating system users. The application-developed size is very low. The application consumes very low space in disk. Therefore, the user can allocate very minimum local disk space for this application.
Welcome to WIPAC Monthly the magazine brought to you by the LinkedIn Group Water Industry Process Automation & Control.
In this month's edition, along with this month's industry news to celebrate the 13 years since the group was created we have articles including
A case study of the used of Advanced Process Control at the Wastewater Treatment works at Lleida in Spain
A look back on an article on smart wastewater networks in order to see how the industry has measured up in the interim around the adoption of Digital Transformation in the Water Industry.
Student information management system project report ii.pdfKamal Acharya
Our project explains about the student management. This project mainly explains the various actions related to student details. This project shows some ease in adding, editing and deleting the student details. It also provides a less time consuming process for viewing, adding, editing and deleting the marks of the students.
2. Fire Suppression Systems (FSS)
are commonly used on heavy
power equipment.
Suppression systems use a
combination of dry chemicals or
wet agents to suppress equipment
fire.
Suppression systems have
become a necessity to several
industries as they help control
damage and loss to equipment.
Common means of detection are
through heat sensors, wiring, or
manual detection (depending on
system selection).
3. Different Types of Fires & Fire
Extinguishing Methods:
There are several kinds of fire which may erupt any
where. They are classified as
A class, B class, C class, D class, E class and K class
respectively depending upon the material causing fire.
• A class fire is due to sold i.e. paper, cloth and wood.
• B class is due to liquids i.e. petrol, oils etc.
• C class is due to gases i.e. acetylene and natural
gases.
• D class is due to metal
• E class is due to electrical wiring, switches,
transformers etc.
• K class is due to vegetable oil or animal oil and fats.
4. Fire Protection Association of Pakistan (FPAP)
is a voluntary and non profit organization for
promoting fire protection awareness and
advancement.
Informative publications, member meetings,
community awareness programs, organizational
training sessions, country’s best fire protection
library having latest publication from all over the
world, technical assistance projects and
memberships of CFPA (Int’l) and CFPA (Asia)
are some of the achievements.
FPAP is also the Distributor of NFPA (USA) and
FPA (U.K) in Pakistan.
It is a good resource for Fire Professionals and
Engineers in industry, commerce and public
sector, to achieve and maintain highest
standards of Fire Safety Management
5. Informative Publications
Member’s Meeting
Community Awareness Programs
Organizational Training Sessions
Fire Risk Assessment
Fire Load Assessment
Technical Assistance Projects
Consultancy
Experience Sharing
Country’s Best Fire Protection Library
FPAP Publications & Products
NFPA USA Publications & Products
Latest Publication of all over the World
FPA UK Publications & Products
6. The Fire Protection Association (FPA) is the UK's national fire
safety organization
Work to identify and draw attention to the dangers of fire and
the means by which their potential for loss is kept to a
minimum.
It was formed in 1946 and attained an unrivalled reputation for
quality of work and expertise in all aspects of fire including
research, consultancy, training, membership, publications, risk
surveying and auditing.
Products and services are designed to assist fire, security and
safety professionals achieve and maintain the very highest
standards of fire safety management.
7. Training credentials speak for themselves:
An Institution of Fire Engineers (IFE) Approved Training Centre
Significant experience of delivering fire safety training, from major blue
chip companies to the public sector and SMEs
Constituent member of the Confederation of European Fire Protection
Associations (CFPA Europe)
A NEBOSH Accredited Centre
An Edexcel Accredited Centre
Achieved the Investors in People Award
Five stakeholders who currently sit on the FPA board are:
The Association of British Insurers (ABI)
Lloyd's
The Chief Fire Officers Association (CFOA)
The Institution of Fire Engineers (IFE)
The Fire Industry Association (FIA)
8. The agreed aims and objectives of the FPA are:
To protect people, property and the environment by
advancing fire prevention and protection techniques
To collaborate with central Government, the Fire Service
and other agencies in this work
To focus national and European attention on these issues
To influence consumers and business related decision
making
To collect, analyze and publish statistics, identify trends
and provide research
To disseminate advice and information
9. FPA operates via two Divisions, each led by a Director.
Education and Training Division encompasses the
publications and training teams
Technical Division undertakes research, audits, fire risk
assessments and consultancy in support of all aspects of
fire prevention and protection.
The FPA supplies the UK’s most comprehensive range
of publications in the fields of fire safety, fire prevention
and related topics.
FPA publications provide invaluable information and
guidance to meet all your fire safety needs, from staff
training and educational resources through to detailed
technical reference materials.
10. The FPA has been providing training courses for over
35 years and delivers one of the most comprehensive
ranges of fire safety training courses in the United
Kingdom.
The Training Department currently offers approximately
55 different courses covering fire safety management,
fire safety engineering, health and safety and N/SVQs in
fire safety.
Technical services team routinely undertake studies on
behalf of commerce and industry, insurers, military, local
government and the public sector, to name but a few.
Recognized experts offer a truly comprehensive service,
which are tailored to meet the client’s precise
requirements, as well as ensuring conformity with
current legislation and codes of practice.
11. FPA supplies the UK's most comprehensive range of
publications and training aids in the fields of fire safety,
loss prevention and related topics.
Whether a company looking to deliver professional and
comprehensive staff training in-house; a trainer looking
for up-to-date training aids and educational resources,
or a practitioner looking for detailed technical reference
materials, FPA can provide invaluable information and
guidance to meet all your fire safety needs.
The FPA's range of training DVDs includes programs on
general fire safety induction, risk assessment and health
and safety.
Tailored advice is also available for a number of specific
industry sectors, including schools, residential care
homes and healthcare premises.
12. The National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) is a United
States trade association, though with some international
members, that creates and maintains private, copyrighted,
standards and codes for usage and adoption by local
governments.
This includes publications from model building codes to the
many on equipment utilized by firefighters while engaging in
hazardous material (hazmat) response, rescue response, and
some firefighting.
The mission of the international nonprofit NFPA, established in
1896, is to reduce the worldwide burden of fire and other
hazards on the quality of life by providing and advocating
consensus codes and standards, research, training, and
education.
NFPA membership totals more than 70,000 individuals around
the world.
13. NFPA is responsible for 300 codes and standards that are designed to
minimize the risk and effects of fire by establishing criteria for building,
processing, design, service, and installation in the United States, as
well as many other countries.
Its more than 200 technical code and standard development
committees have over 6,000 volunteer seats. Volunteers vote on
proposals and revisions in a process that is accredited by the
American National Standards Institute (ANSI).
Some of the most widely used codes are:
NFPA 1 : Provides requirements to establish a reasonable level of fire
safety and property protection in new and existing buildings.
NFPA 54 : National Fuel Gas Code, safety benchmark for fuel gas
installations.
NFPA 70 : National Electric Code, The world's most widely used and
accepted code for electrical installations.
.
14. NFPA 85 : Boiler and Combustion Systems Hazards Code
NFPA 10 : Life Safety Code, establishes minimum requirements for
new and existing buildings to protect building occupants from fire,
smoke, and toxic fumes.
NFPA 704 : Standard System for the Identification of the Hazards of
Materials for Emergency Response, defines the everyday "fire
diamond" used by emergency personnel to quickly and easily identify
the risks posed by hazardous materials
NFPA 70 : National Electrical Code
NFPA 70B : Recommended Practice for Electrical Equipment
Maintenance
NFPA 70E : Standard for Electrical Safety in the Workplace
NFPA 72 : National Fire Alarm and Signaling Code
NFPA 101 : Life Safety Code
NFPA 704 : Standard System for the Identification of the Hazards of
Materials for Emergency Response (four-color hazard diamond)
15. NFPA 1123 : Code for Fireworks Display
NFPA 1670 : Standard on Operations and Training for Technical
Search and Rescue Incidents
NFPA 1901 : Standard for Automotive Fire Apparatus
NFPA 1123 : Code for Fireworks Display
NFPA 1670 : Standard on Operations and Training for Technical
Search and Rescue Incidents
NFPA 1901 : Standard for Automotive Fire Apparatus
NFPA 921 : Guide for Fire and Explosion Investigations
NFPA 1001 : Standard for Fire Fighter Professional Qualifications
16. Fire needs fuel, oxygen and heat in order to burn.
In simple terms, fire extinguishers remove one of these
elements.
Fire extinguishers are filled with water or a smothering
material, such as CO2.
By pulling out the safety pin and depressing the lever at
the top of the cylinder (the body of the extinguisher), this
material is released by high amounts of pressure.
Our commitment is to focus on developing new and
innovative products which are on leading edge of quality
and technology.
17. Potable Fire Extinguisher:
Water type
Foam type
CO2 type
Dry Powder type
Fire Brigade Equipment:
Fire Pump
Fire Brigade Vehicles
Fire Hose’s
Fire Hydrant Equipment
Gas Masks
Breathing Apparatus
Branch Pipe & Nozzles
18. Fixed Installation:
Sprinkler System
Foam Injection System
Fire Hydrant System
CO2 System
P.P.E (Personal Protective Equipment)
Safety Goggles
Safety Helmet/Shoes
Rubber Gloves
Respiratory Equipment
Chemical Suits
Fire Suits
19. Fire Alarm System
Control Panel
Heat & Beam Detectors
Smoke Detectors
MCP (Manual Call Point)
Fire Bell/Sounder
Manual Fire Alarming System
Security Equipment
Metal Detector
Walk Through Gate
C.C.T.V System
Reflective Jackets
20. Before deciding to fight a fire, be certain that:
The fire is small and not spreading. A fire can double in size within
two or three minutes. You have the proper fire extinguisher for what
is burning.
The fire won't block your exit if you can't control it. A good way to
ensure this is to keep the exit at your back.
You know your fire extinguisher works. Inspect extinguishers once a
month for dents, leaks or other signs of damage. Assure the
pressure is at the recommended level. On extinguishers equipped
with a gauge, the needle should be in the green zone - not too high
and not too low.
You know how to use your fire extinguisher. There's not enough time
to read instructions when a fire occurs.
21. How to Fight a Fire Safely:
Always stand with an exit at your back.
Stand several feet away from the fire, moving closer once the fire starts to
diminish.
Use a sweeping motion and aim at the base of the fire.
If possible, use a "buddy system" to have someone back you up or call for help
if something goes wrong.
Be sure to watch the area for awhile to ensure it doesn't re-ignite.
Never Fight a fire if:
The fire is spreading rapidly. Only use a fire extinguisher when the fire is in its
early stages. If the fire is already spreading quickly, evacuate and call the FIRE
BRIGADE 16.
You don't know what is burning. Unless you know what is burning, you won't
know what type of fire extinguisher to use. Even if you have an ABC
extinguisher, there could be something that will explode or produce highly toxic
smoke
There is too much smoke or you are at risk of inhaling smoke. Seven out of ten
fire-related deaths occur from breathing poisonous gases produced by the fire.
22. Inspect fire extinguishers
at least once a month. Fire extinguisher maintenance is important
for everyone’s safety.
You must ensure that:
The extinguisher is not blocked by equipment, coats or other objects
that could interfere with access in an emergency.
The pressure is at the recommended level. On extinguishers
equipped with a gauge, the needle should be in the green zone - not
too high and not too low.
The nozzle or other parts are not hindered in any way. The pin and
tamper seal (if it has one) are intact.
There are no dents, leaks, rust, chemical deposits and/or other
signs of abuse/wear. Wipe off any corrosive chemicals, oil, gunk etc.
that may have deposited on the extinguisher.
23. Some manufacturers recommend shaking your dry chemical
extinguishers once a month to prevent the powder from
settling/packing.
If the extinguisher is damaged or needs recharging, replace it
immediately.
A typical fire extinguisher contains 10 seconds of extinguishing
power. This could be less if it has already been partially discharged.
Always read the instructions that come with the fire extinguisher
beforehand and become familiarized with its parts. It is highly
recommended by fire prevention experts that you get hands-on
training before operating a fire extinguisher. Once the fire is out,
don't walk away! Watch the area for a few minutes in case it re-
ignites.
IMPORTANT: Recharge all extinguishers immediately after use
regardless of how much they were used
24. Small business fire safety
Small businesses need to have plans to prevent fires & to help their
business recover should an unforeseen emergency occurs.
Is your small business fire safe?
The Fire Brigades recommends this simple safety check-list to assist
your small business prevent damage that could be caused by fire.
• Teach your staff about workplace fire prevention and safety.
• Avoid storing or stockpiling flammable materials such as packaging
materials or waste where they could be accessed by the public,
including areas immediately outside your business premises
25. • Make sure all machinery is serviced as recommended by
manufacturers and is kept clean. If possible, switch machinery off
when the business is unattended
• Secure all doors, windows or other access points when the business
is unattended
• Ensure your business has an adequately serviced and functional fire
alarm system that is suitable to your small business e.g. sprinkler
systems, heat or smoke alarms etc.
• If your business stores dangerous goods, ensure their storage and
use adheres to legislative requirements
26. Make sure your business has a written and practiced fire escape
plan that includes full staff lists and designated meeting points
The Fire Brigades recommends this simple safety check-list to
assist your small business to reduce damage caused from fire and
to assist in a speedy business recovery
Ensure that all of your staff has sufficient training in what they
should do if your small business is exposed to an unexpected fire.
Depending on your business, this will at least mean knowing where
to escape to and dialing 16.
Make sure you know what information is important for your business
continuity. This should include having contingency plans to protect
and/or restore all important information like supplier and client lists,
business contracts and insurance details
Consider having an off site secure location to store important
information in your contingency plan.
27. Small business fire safety tips
Remember that smoke from a fire will make you confused and that
you cannot see in smoke
Always ensure your business has sufficient fire insurance
If you see fire or smoke, do not panic or shout.
Remember R A C E
RESCUE : Rescue any people in immediate danger (only if it safe to do so).
ALARM : Raise the alarm, ring the Fire Brigades on 16, notify your
switchboard, notify the staff member in charge
CONTAIN : If practicable, close all doors and windows to contain the fire
(only if it safe to do so)
EXTINGUISH : Try to extinguish the fire using appropriate fire fighting
equipment only if you are trained & its Safe to do so
28. After carrying out RACE:
Follow the instructions of your Fire Wardens
Prepare to evacuate if necessary
Leave the lights on
Save records if possible
Evacuation :
Evacuation is the rapid removal of people in a safe and orderly
manner from immediate or threatened danger in a workplace.
Alert the Fire officer and other staff.
Ensure the emergency services have been notified
(Ring 16 and ask for Fire, Police 15 or Ambulance 115).
Assembly : Tell staff which assembly areas is to be used.
29. Evacuate : staff and visitors in the following order:
1. Out of immediate danger (e.g. out of room)
2. Out of compartment (e.g. through the fire doors or smoke doors) or
to a lower level of the building
3. Total evacuation of the building.
Check : Check all rooms, especially change rooms, toilets, behind
doors, storage areas etc.
Records : Save as many records as possible if it is safe to do so.
Head count : Do a head count of all staff, contractors and visitors.
Report : To the Fire Officer and notify emergency services of any
people unaccounted.
30. Install & Maintain Smoke Detectors
Smoke detectors warn you of fire in time to let you escape. Install them on each
level of your factory and outside of each sleeping area. Follow the
manufacturer's directions, and test once a week. Replace batteries twice a year,
or when the detector chirps to signal that the battery is dead. Don't ever take the
battery out for other uses!
Space Heaters Need space
Keep portable space heaters at least 3 feet (1 meter) from paper, curtains,
furniture, clothing, bedding, or anything else that can burn. Never leave heaters
on when you leave home or go to bed, and keep children and pets well away
from them.
A Match is a Tool for Adults
In the hands of a child, matches or lighters are extremely dangerous. Store
them up high where kids can't reach them, preferably in a locked cabinet. And
teach your children from the start that matches and lighters and lighters are
tools for adults, not toys for kids. If children find matches, they should tell an
adult immediately.
31. Cool a Burn
If someone gets burned, immediately place the wound in cool water for 10
to 15 minutes to ease the pain. Do not use butter on a burn, as this could
prolong the heat and further damage the skin. If burn blisters or chars, see
a doctor immediately.
Crawl Low Under Smoke
If you encounter smoke using your primary exit, use your alternate route
instead. If you must exit through smoke, clean air will be several inches off
the floor. Get down on your hands and knees, and crawl to the nearest safe
exit.
Plan and Practice Your escape
If fire breaks out in your home, you must get out fast. With your family, plan
two ways out of every room. Fire escape routes must not include elevators,
which might take you right to the fire! Choose a meeting place outside
where everyone should gather. Once you are out, stay out! Have the whole
family practice the escape plan at least twice a year.
32. Be Careful Cooking
Keep cooking areas clear of combustibles & don't leave cooking
unattended. Keep your pot's handles turned inward so children won't knock
or pull them over the edge of the stove. If grease catches fire, carefully slide
a lid over the pan to smother the flames, then turn off the burner.
Use Electricity Safely
If an appliance smokes or begins to smell unusual, unplug it immediately
and have it repaired. Check all your electrical cords, and replace any that
are cracked or frayed. If you use extension cords, replace any that are
cracked or frayed; and don't overload them or run them under rugs.
Remember that fuses and circuit breakers protect you from fire: don't
tamper with the fuse box or use fuses of an improper size.
33. STOP, DROP, AND ROLL
Everyone should know this rule: if your clothes catch fire, don't run! Stop
where you are, drop to the ground, and roll over and over to smother the
flames. Cover your face with your hands to protect your face and lungs
Practice Candle Safety
The popularity of candles as home decorations in recent years, has resulted
in an increase of candle related fires. Some safe tips include: Never leave a
lit candle unattended in any room of the house; Never leave candles
burning when you go to bed; and never use candles near combustible
materials such as curtains, drapes, bedding and cabinets.
34.
35. Passive Fire Protection (PFP) is an integral component of the three components
of structural fire protection and fire safety in a building.
PFP includes compartmentalization of the overall building through the use
of fire-resistance rated walls and floors. Organization into smaller fire
compartments, consisting of one or more rooms or floors, prevents or slows the
spread of fire from the room of fire origin to other building spaces, limiting
building damage and providing more time to the building occupants
for emergency evacuation or to reach an area of refuge.
Fire prevention includes minimizing ignition sources, as well as educating the
occupants and operators of the facility, ship or structure concerning operation
and maintenance of fire-related systems for correct function, and emergency
procedures including notification for fire service response and emergency
evacuation.
36. The aim for PFP systems is typically demonstrated in fire testing the ability to
maintain the item or the side to be protected at or below either 140 °C (for walls,
floors and electrical circuits required to have a fire-resistance rating) or ca. 550
°C, which is considered the critical temperature for structural steel, above which
it is in danger of losing its strength, leading to collapse.
PFP measures are intended to contain a fire in the fire compartment of origin,
thus limiting the spread of fire and smoke for a limited period of time.
PPF measures such as fire stops, fire walls and fire doors are tested to
determine the fire resistance rating of the final assembly usually expressed in
terms of hours of fire resistance (e.g., ⅓, ¾, 1, 1½, 2, 3, 4 hour)etc.
PFP attempts to contain fires or slow the spread, through use of fire resistant
walls, floors, and doors (amongst other examples).
37. As the name suggests Passive Fire Protection (PFP) remains inactive in the
coating system until a fire occurs.
There are mainly two types of PFP: Intumescent fire protection and
vermiculite fire protection.
Ser. Intumescent fire protection Vermiculite fire protection
1 It is a layer of paint which is applied along with the
coating system on the structural steel members.
The thickness of this intumescent coating is
dependent on the steel section used.
Structural steel members are covered with
vermiculite materials, mostly a very thick layer. This
is a cheaper option as compared to an intumescent
one, but is very crude and aesthetically unpleasant.
2 Intumescent coatings are applied as an
intermediate coat in a coating system (primer,
intermediate, and top/finish coat). Because of the
relatively low thickness of this intumescent coating
(usually in the 350- to 700-micrometer range), nice
finish and anti-corrosive nature. Intumescent
coatings are preferred on the basis of aesthetics
If the environment is corrosive in nature, then the
vermiculite option is not advisable, as there is the
possibility of water seeping into it (because of the
porous nature of vermiculite), and there it is difficult
to monitor for corrosion.
38. It should be noted that in the possibility of a fire, the steel structure will
eventually collapse once the steel attains the critical core temperature
(around 550 degrees Celsius or 850 degrees Fahrenheit).
PFP system will only delay this by creating a layer of char between the steel
and fire. Depending upon the requirement, PFP systems can provide fire
ratings in excess of 120 minutes. PFP systems are highly recommended in
infrastructure projects as they can save lives and property.
Such protection is either provided by the materials from which the building
is constructed, or is added to the construction materials to enhance their fire
resistance. It is vital that these protection measures are correctly designed,
specified and installed if the building is to behave as expected should fire
break out.
39. PFP is vital to the stability and integrity of a building or structure in case of
fire. These are designed to restrict the growth and spread of fire allowing
the occupants to escape or the fire fighters to do their job.
By their nature they are ‘passive’ until there is a fire and only then will their
fire performance be demonstrated. The occupants of a building will attend
to their daily business, visitors will shop, be entertained, or enjoy recreation
without any knowledge of the PFP measures that will protect them in fire.
However, it is essential that these measure will work if an emergency
occurs.
40. PFP includes:
Cavity barriers
Ceiling systems
Compartment walls
Fire doors and furniture (e.g. self-closing devices, latches etc.)
Fire fighting shafts and stairwells
Fire-resisting air transfer grilles (mechanical or intumescent)
Fire-resisting dampers (mechanical or intumescent) used in horizontal or
vertical air distribution ducts
Fire-resisting ductwork
Fire-resisting glazing
Fire-resisting service ducts and shafts
41. Fire-resisting walls and partitions
Hinged or pivoted fire door sets (timber or steel)
Industrial fire shutters (rolling or folding)
Linear gap seals
Penetration seals for pipes, cables and other services
Structural frame fire protection
Suspended ceilings
Membrane ceilings (horizontal partitions)
The building envelope, e.g. fire-resisting external walls, curtain walls etc.
Other elements of the building may also have a role in PFP.
42. Air transfer grille: A device which allows the passage of ventilation air in
normal conditions through a fire door, wall or partition but closes automatically
to prevent the passage of fire in a fire condition for stipulated time period.
Automatic fire and smoke damper: A device which allows the passage of
ventilation air in normal conditions through a duct, fire wall or partition but closes
automatically to prevent the passage of smoke and fire in a fire condition for a
stipulated period of time. Response to smoke is typically achieved by linking to
the automatic fire detection system.
Building hardware: Fittings designed for incorporation in a fire-resisting door
set and which contribute to ensure that the fire-resisting door (when closed)
resists the passage of fire and/or gaseous products of combustion. Such fittings
include hinges, pivots, door closing devices, latches, locks, and door furniture
(lever handles, knobs).
43. Cavity barrier: A construction provided to close a concealed space against
the penetration of smoke and flame or to restrict the movement of smoke or
flame within such a space for a stipulated time period.
Combustibility: This assesses whether a material will burn and add to a
fire when subjected to an existing fire. Spread of flame this assesses
whether the fire will spread over the surface of the material (especially wall
linings).
Compartment(fire): A building or part of a building, comprising one or more
rooms, spaces or floors constructed to prevent the spread of fire to or from
another part of the same building, or an adjoining building. The basis is to
provide adequate means of escape, and to provide fire separation for
adjoining buildings.
44. Fire door(assembly): A door or shutter provided for the passage of
persons, air or objects which together with its frame and furniture as
installed in a building is intended when closed, to resist the passage of fire
and/or gaseous products of combustion and is capable of meeting
specified performance criteria to those ends.
Fire-resisting door set: A complete installed door assembly comprising
door frame, door leaves, building hardware, seals and any glazing that,
when closed, is intended to resist the passage of fire and smoke in
accordance with specified performance criteria.
Fire-resisting glazed screen: Glazed structure or window incorporating
fire-resisting glass and designed to resist the spread of fire and the
gaseous products of combustion for a stipulated period of time.
45. Fire-resisting glass: A glass that demonstrates its ability to meet the
defined heating and pressure conditions specified in Fire resistance Test (or
any other National or International fire resistance test method). Typically,
the glass will be clear, textured, toughened, laminated or wired and may
incorporate special features such as coatings or laminations that enable the
glass to achieve a particular fire performance in terms of integrity and
insulation.
Fire-resisting ductwork: Ventilation or extraction ductwork designed to
contain fire and the products of combustion in a manner that does not allow
passage to other parts of the building from the compartment of origin for a
stipulated time period.
46. Fire-resisting partition: An internal non load bearing vertical dividing
structure designed to resist the spread of fire, heat, and the products of
combustion for a stipulated period of time. Such a partition can include a
glazed section or a fire door.
Fire-resisting suspended ceiling: A suspended ceiling designed to
contribute to the overall fire resistance of a floor assembly or to prevent the
collapse of steel beams supporting a floor or roof, for a stipulated period of
time. It may also provide fire resistance as a membrane in the same way as
a partition.
47. Fire-stopping: Sealing products that take up imperfections of fit or design
tolerance between the fire resisting fixed elements of a building to restrict
the passage of fire and smoke. They continue to take up the imperfections
of fit at all times and have the same fire rating as the fixed elements of
which they form a part. In reaction to a fire condition they swell, spread or
deform to achieve their performance.
Fire-resisting luminaire: Lighting structure or fitting for suspended ceilings
designed to resist the spread of fire and the products of combustion for a
stipulated period of time. It is required to be tested for integrity when fitted
to an individual manufacturer’s suspended ceiling.
.
48.
49.
50.
51.
52. Aspirated smoke detection (ASD) is a method of smoke detection where the air
from the protected area is actively drawn through a network of air sampling
pipes, passed through a central detection unit and sampled for the presence of
smoke.
The sampling chamber is based on a nephelometer that detects the presence of
smoke particles suspended in air by detecting the light scattered by them in the
chamber.
In most cases aspirating smoke detectors require a fan unit to draw in a sample
of air from the protected area through its network of pipes, such as is the case
for Wagner, Safe Fire Detection's ProSeries and Xtralis ASD systems.
Aspirating smoke detectors can detect smoke before it is visible to the human
eye.
53. ASD design corrects shortcomings of conventional smoke detectors by
using sampling pipe with multiple holes.
The air samples are captured and filtered removing any contaminants or
dust to avoid false alarms and then processed by a centralized highly
sensitive laser detection unit.
If smoke is detected, the systems alarm is triggered, and signals then are
processed through centralized monitoring stations within a few seconds.
Unlike passive smoke detection systems including spot detectors, ASD
systems actively draw smoke to the detector through bore holes within a
piping system that runs throughout the protected area.
54. ASD systems incorporate integrity monitoring to ensure an alert is raised at
any time the ASD’s ability to detect smoke is compromised. This is not the
case with passive devices that are generally only electrically monitored with
no ability to determine if smoke can actually reach the detection element.
ASD systems incorporate more than one level of alarm. This allows an ASD
system to provide very early warning of an event, prompting investigation at
the earliest shouldering stage of a fire when it is easily addressed.
Other alarm levels may be configured to provide fire alarm inputs to fire
systems as well as releasing suppression systems.
55. ASD alarm sensitivities are configurable and can be programmed to levels
ranging from thousands of times more sensitive than a conventional
detector, to much less sensitive.
The detectors work best in non-volatile environments. They can also be
used in computer cabinets to alert users to the overheating of computer
cables or individual computer components.
ASDs are suitable for environments where a highly sensitive rapid smoke
detection capability is required.
56. This makes them suitable in clean rooms; areas which contain goods easily
damaged by fire, such as tobacco, electronic rooms and highly flammable
liquid and gases. Often, normal point detectors will recognize the danger
too late, as smoke often does not reach the ceiling quick enough for a fire to
be detected in a timely fashion.
As they can be easily hidden, pipe networks are suitable in environments
where point detectors can be considered aesthetically displeasing, such as
offices, apartments and hotel rooms.
This factor also makes them suitable in locations where point detectors can
be easily tampered with, such as in correctional facilities.
57. Despite their high sensitivity ASDs can be used in dusty or dirty
environments as long as correct design, installation and maintenance
processes are followed.
Most ASD products can accommodate a broad range of environments and
applications from both confined and open spaces to the cleanest or dirtiest
environment, including telecomm, control rooms, waste treatment, mining
and more.
58.
59.
60.
61. VESDA (an abbreviation of Very Early Smoke Detection Apparatus) is a
laser based smoke detection system.
The name VESDA has become a generic name for most air sampling
applications. The name VESDA is a trade mark of Xtralis.
VESDA system has a proven track record and has been developed beyond
traditional fire alarms, to the point where it is recognized as the most
advanced aspirating smoke detection system within the fire industry, holding
more certifications than any other aspirating smoke detector in the world.
VESDA can be installed anywhere that a conventional smoke detector
system can but with greater flexibility.
62. A VESDA detector is much like a vacuum cleaner. It sucks air from the
protected environment via purpose built aspirating pipe and fittings and
samples the quality of air passing through the VESDA detection laser
chamber.
63. Where conventional systems have to be strategically placed to provide
maximum protection, VESDA systems can be installed in easily accessible
positions as the system is complimented by a network of high grade pipe
work.
Additional benefits of using VESDA over conventional detectors are greater
reliability and efficiency with features which include entire airflow analysis
and ignition point targeting, with the ability to work alongside existing smoke
detection and air conditioning systems symbiotically.
VESDA installations are in the widest variety of environments thanks to the
ingenuity of the design, these including ceiling voids, cold rooms, computer
rooms, and warehousing.
64. The aspirating smoke detection market has change over recent years.
VESDA smoke detection was traditionally used for specialist smoke
detection environments
VESDA smoke detection is now used more extensively in non specialist fire
detection application and of course the traditional specialist market
VESDA detectors are normally used where high smoke sensitivity is
required
VESDA detection works far more efficiently in area where there is high air
flow, such as computer rooms, Telecoms etc.
65. VESDA detection for warehouses:
VESDA smoke detection is a suitable replacement for conventional smoke
detection where accessibility is limited.
For example, VESDA detection will be better suited to a warehouse with smoke
detectors situated at high levels. Conventional smoke detectors can become
faulty and access equipment will need to be deployed, this can be extremely
disruptive to operation and it is also dangerous.
VESDA smoke detection eliminates this issue as the aspirating pipe work will be
located at high levels and the VESDA detector will be located at accessible
levels.
Aspirating pipe will replace the smoke detectors at high level, with holes in the
aspirating pipe replacing the smoke detectors. VESDA smoke detectors have
18000 events log memory. Smoke levels can be tracked and identified against
time and density.
66. VESDA detection for office rooms:
VESDA smoke detection is commonly used where temperatures are not suitable
for other types of smoke detection. For example, a cold room operating
temperatures is an ideal environment for VESDA smoke detection.
Cold temperatures will ice up the optical chambers of conventional smoke
detectors rendering the system useless.
VESDA detectors are located outside the cold environment, with aspirating
pipe work located within the risk or outside the risk with capillary smoke
sampling heads located within the risk! The cold air is then drawn to the VESDA
smoke detector and is naturally heated before it arrives at the VESDA laser
chamber. The condensation is collected at a condensate water trap and dry air
arrives for sampling by the VESDA detector.
67. VESDA detection for computer rooms:
VESDA detection is ideal for area that have high airflow. Conventional
smoke detectors struggle to activate with bulk of air passing through their
chambers.
VESDA detectors draw smoke from the aspirating pipe and the holes in the
pipe collectively capture the air and draw it back to the VESDA detector.
Fire Suppression Limited have conducted test which conclusively prove that
VESDA smoke detection is far more responsive than conventional smoke
detectors
68. VESDA detection for Fire Suppression environments:
VESDA detection with Fire Suppression is a fantastic combination. With
ever increasing environmental responsibilities, it is essential that a fire
suppression system should deploy unnecessarily.
VESDA smoke detection use in conjunction with conventional smoke
detection is a perfect match.
VESDA detection samples the air across the return plenums of the air
conditioning systems which provide primary smoke detection. An alert alarm
can be raised and human intervention can prevent the gas from
discharging.
VESDA can also be used as a double knock system, which provides the
most suitable fire detection model for any automatic fire suppression
system.
69.
70. FM200 fire suppression is also known as HFC227. It is a waterless fire
protection system, it is discharged into the risk within 10 seconds and
suppresses the fire immediately.
FM200 fire suppression is found as an active compound as a propellant in
medical inhalers. This goes without saying that FM200 gas is extremely
safe for occupied spaces with the correct fire suppression design.
There is a common misconception that FM200 gas reduces oxygen this is
not true.
FM200 is a synthetic/chemical fire suppression gas and extinguishes a fire
by removing the free radicals or heat elements from the fire
triangle. (Oxygen, Heat and Fuel)
71. The main advantage of FM200 fire suppression, is the small amount of
agent required to suppress a fire. This means fewer cylinders, therefore
less wasted space for storage of FM200 cylinders.
FM200 systems reach extinguishing levels in 10 seconds or less, stopping
ordinary combustible, electrical, and flammable liquid fires before they
cause significant damage.
FM200 extinguishes the fire quickly, which means less damage, lower
repair costs. perfection
Like any other fire suppression system, FM200 systems are designed with
an extra margin of safety for people. Refilling FM200 is simple and cost
effective, therefore, it also means less downtime and disruption to your
business.
72. In addition to the fire protection benefits of using FM200, the environment
will benefit as well.
FM200 fire suppressant does not deplete stratospheric ozone, and
has minimal impact on the environment relative to the impact a
catastrophic fire would have.
73. Water-based fire suppression systems (sprinklers) are designed to protect
people and structures. But when it comes to protecting high value
machinery, computers and other electronic equipment, water can be more
damaging than the fire itself.
ECARO-25 clean agent fire suppression system is the superior, cost-
effective choice for protecting electronics and high-value assets reducing
the threat of needless downtime and business interruption.
ECARO-25 clean agent fire protection system requires 20% less clean
agent per cubic foot/meter than HFC-227 or FM-200 fire suppression
systems.
74. ECARO-25 is the easiest and most cost effective replacement for existing
Halon 1301 fire protection systems.
For decades, Halon was the preferred clean agent in automatic fire
suppression systems for the protection of critical business assets because
Halon 1301 has been discountinued, many companies need to find an
efficient, environmentally-friendly replacement for an existing Halon system
Due to the physical properties Halon, ECARO-25 can work with your
existing Halon pipe network just replace the nozzles and containers with
ECARO-25, you can easily transform your old Halon 1301 fire suppression
system into an effective environmentally-sound clean agent system
75. Ecoro-25 suppresses fire by absorbing heat energy at its molecular level
faster than the heat can be generated, so the fire cannot sustain itself.
It also forms free radicals to chemically interfere with the chain reaction of
the combustion process. This makes it a highly effective fire fighting agent
that is safe for people and causes no damage to equipment.
76. Novec 1230 fluid is a low global warming potential Halon replacement for
use as a gaseous fire suppression agent.
Novec 1230 is manufactured by 3M. It is generally used in situations where
water from a fire sprinkler would damage expensive equipment or where
water-based fire protection is impractical, such as museums, banks, clean
rooms and hospitals.
Novec 1230 fluid does not deplete ozone and has a global warming
potential of 1 over 100 years, equivalent to that of carbon dioxide.
Novec 1230 fluid is a high molecular weight material, compared with the
first generation halocarbon clean agents.
Although it is a liquid at room temperature it gasifies immediately after being
discharged in a total flooding system.
77. The product is ideal for use in total flooding applications, localized flooding
systems, directional spray type applications and may be used in portable
extinguishers for specialized applications.
In addition to the conventional methods of super-pressurization using
nitrogen, Novec 1230 fluid also lends itself for use in pump applications
because it is a liquid.
It has been used as a full-immersion fluid in a proof of concept data center
cooling systems.