This document discusses various types of textile fastness testing, including procedures and importance. It covers color fastness to light, heat pressing, chlorinated water, and wash. Color fastness to light determines how color fades under light exposure. Tests involve exposing samples to light and comparing color change. Color fastness to heat and chlorinated water involve applying heat or chlorine solutions to samples and assessing color change. Color fastness to wash determines color change and staining when samples are laundered using standard detergent solutions and procedures. Proper fastness testing is important for the textile industry before bulk production to ensure colorfastness under relevant conditions.

1. FASTNESSES BEHAVIOUR
OF TEXTILE MATERIAL

2. SUBMITTED TO
RAJIA SULTANA
Lecturer
Department of Textile Engineering
Port City International University.
MD SOHEL KHAN
Department of Textile Engineering
PORT CITY INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY

3. Contents
Introduction
Color fastness to light
Color fastness to heat Pressing
Colorfastness to Chlorinated Water
Color fastness to Wash
Conclusion

4. Introduction
Fastness
Fastness
Fastness is the resistance of textile
material to resist a load or destructive
factors such a heat light, perspiration,
wearing acidic and alkaline condition.

5. Continued
Different types of fastness testing
• Color fastness to wash.
• Color fastness to light.
• Color fastness to rubbing (dry + wet).
• Color fastness to perspiration (acidic and alkaline).
• Strength to color produced color.
• Color fastness to chlorine.
• Color fastness to acids.
• Color fastness to alkalis.
• Color fastness to sea water.
• Color fastness to weathering.
• Color fastness to bleaching agents

6. Color fastness to light
The purpose of color
fastness to light test
is to determine how
much the color will
fade when exposed
to a known light
source.

7. Working procedure of color fastness to light
The sample is cut and should be exposed
(½ covered and ½ exposed) together with
standard dyed wool samples (1-8). The
standard and the specimen mounted in a
frame. The composite sample must be
protected from rain.
The test sample is exposed to light for a
certain time (24 hrs, 36 hrs, 48 hrs, 72hrs)
or by customer demand and compare the
change with original unexposed sample.
The changes are assessed by blue scales
(1-8).

9. Color fastness to heat Pressing

10. Color fastness to heat pressing
Apparatus and Materials:
 Heating device that can put a pressure on the specimen of 4
k.pa.
 A smooth asbestos sheet ( 3-6 mm thickness)
 Wool flannel ( approx.260 g/m2
, 3 mm thickness )
 A piece of undyed ,bleached and mercerized cotton cloth
 Grey scales
 Standard color matching cabinet
 Distilled water

11. Working procedure

12. Continued
Damp Pressing:
The adjacent fabric in dimensions of 10 cm×4 cm is
immersed into the water and, squeezed as 100% pick
up. Dry specimen is placed onto the undyed cotton fabric
on the filler and, the wet adjacent fabric is placed onto
them. The top layer of the device is pulled down and, dry
specimen is pressed for 15 seconds at the determined
temperature.

13. Continued
Wet Pressing:
 Soak the test specimen and a piece of cotton adjacent
fabric in distilled water and squeeze it to maintain 100%
pick up.
 Place the wet test specimen on top of the dry cotton
cloth covering the wool flannel pad and repeat

15. Colorfastness to Chlorinated Water

16. Continued
Sample Preparation:
A textile material (Dyed Goods) sample
should be cut at 10 cm into 4 cm.
Procedure:
 Put the specimen into the steel containers and added in the
sodium hydrochloride solution with liquor ratio 1:100 based
on the appropriate concentration of active chlorine used.
 Close the container and put it into the mechanical device
(Gyrowash) and agitate at 27±20C for 1 hour in darkness.
 Remove the specimen from the container and squeeze it.
 Dry the specimen by hanging it in air at room temperature in
quiet light.

17. Color fastness to wash
Apparatus:
 Suitable mechanical device which rotating speed(40±2)
 Stainless steel ball ( 6mm dia & wt 1gm)
 Stainless steel container
 Adjacent fabric or multi-fiber fabric
D.W: Di-acetate, Cotton, Nylon, Polyester, Acrylic, Wool
for 40-50º C and certain test 60ºC.
T.V: Tri-acetate, Cotton, Nylon , Polyester, Acrylic,
Viscose for certain test at 60ºC and all test at 70ºC and
95ºC
Non - dyeable fabric (e.g poly propylene)
 ISO type gray scale for color changing

18. continued
 ISO type gray scale for color staining
 Color matching cabinet
Reagent:
 ECE reference detergent ( 4gm/l )
 Sodium Perborate terahydrate ( 1gm/l )
 Distilled water.(grade 3 water )

19. Color fastness to wash
 Collecting the sample from bulk and then conditioning
for 04 hours
 Making a specimen of 04 cm*10 cm in size.
 Sewing the specimen with multi-fibre fabric of same size
at one corner.
 Making the solution of 4gm/litre ECE detergent & 1
gm/litre sodium perborate, (If required SKFL use 0.15
gm/litre TAED).
 Putting the specimen with multi-fibre fabric into the
solution in Rotawash m/c
Prog.: C2S Temp.: 60OC/ 40OC Time: 30 min Still ball:
25 pcs

20. Continued
 Rinsing with hot water respectively.
 Squeezing with cold water of the sample is done (Hand
Wash).
 Then drying is done at a temperature in the air not
exceeding 60OC
 The stitching is then broken out except on one of the shorter
end.
 Measuring the staining and color change by grey scale &
make a test report.

21. Conclusion
In Textile industry fastness is very important
factor. Before Bulk production all required
fastness test is very essential. so we should
know about all fastness.

22. THANK YOU