Ulysses S. Grant took over as the Union commander in March 1864 and implemented a dual strategy - William Tecumseh Sherman would attack the Deep South while Grant engaged Robert E. Lee in Virginia. This led to several inconclusive battles including the Wilderness and Spotsylvania as Grant tried to flank Lee to take Richmond. Meanwhile, Sherman captured Atlanta after months of maneuvering against Joseph Johnston and John Bell Hood, and then marched to the sea, destroying infrastructure. The fighting in Virginia became entrenched around Petersburg as Grant laid siege from June 1864.