This document discusses electrostatic smoke precipitators (ESPs), which are particulate collection devices that use electrostatic charges to remove particles like dust and smoke from gas streams. ESPs work by charging the particulate matter and attracting it to oppositely charged collection plates. The collected particulate is then removed periodically from the plates. ESPs are highly efficient and minimally impede gas flow. They work on the principle of electrophoresis and are more energy efficient than wet scrubbers. The document describes the basic components and working principles of ESPs.

1. Electrostatic
Smoke
PrecipitatorKhusro Kamaluddin
B.Tech Ist Year (ME-1)
Quantum School of Technology, Roorkee

2. Introduction
● The global scenario indicates that air pollution
has become an alarming issue.
● One of the major constituents of pollutants is
suspended particulate matter(SPM).
● It’s very dangerous and causes many serious
diseases like lung cancer and
cardiopulmonary problems.
● The main source for such particles is the
emission from motor vehicles,
industrial/factory etc.

4. The methods used for controlling
the level of SPM
● Internal(cyclone) Collectors
● Fabric Filters/collectors/baghouses
● Wet Scrubber
● Electrostatic Precipitators(ESP)
ESP is the most efficient ,maintainable & cost
effective among the above listed methods.
In 1907 Dr. Frederick G. Cottrell patented the first
commercial ESP model(after it’s invention by
Hohlfeld in 1824).

5. What is an Electrostatic Smoke
Precipitator(ESP)?
● An electrostatic precipitator (ESP), or electrostatic air cleaner is a
particulate collection device that removes particles from a fluid
(like air).
● It uses the force of an induced electrostatic charge(works on the
principle of electrophoresis).
● Electrostatic precipitators are highly efficient filtration devices
that minimally impede the flow of gases through the device, and
can easily remove fine particulate matter such as dust and smoke
from the air stream.
● In contrast to wet scrubbers in which energy is directly applied to
the flowing fluid medium whereas an ESP applies energy only to
the particulate matter being collected and therefore is very
efficient in its consumption of energy (in the form of electricity).

6. What is the Principle of ESP ?
● The basic principle of ESP is Electrophoresis.
● Electrophoresis is the motion of dispersed
particles relative to a fluid under the influence
of a spatially uniform electric field.

7. Working Principle of ESP

8. Collecting Sheet
Any conducting metallic sheet which can bear
charge on outer surface.

9. Rapper
Particulate which accumulates on collecting electrode
surfaces and on discharge electrodes must periodically be
dislodged by rapping the collecting plates and discharge
electrodes.
Rapping removes particulate to the hoppers for disposal
and maintains both the discharge and collecting
electrodes in an "operationally" clean condition for
proper operation.

10. Hopper
It collects/stores the precipitated SPM in Large
amount.

11. Types of ESP
There can be may types of ESP on the basis of
● Cleaning method/fluid
● Type of air(Depending on Source)
● Working

12. Dry Type ESP
Dry type Electrostatic precipitator can be a fixed-
electrode type or a moving-electrode
type.
In the fixed-electrode type, a collecting plate rapping
device is used to remove the dust
collected on the collecting plate when the dust has
accumulated to a certain thickness.
In our moving-electrode type, the collecting plates
are divided into short strip elements that
are joined by chains, and the collecting plates are
moved slowly. The dust collected on the
collecting plate elements is completely scraped off
by rotating brushes provided in the
hoppers.

13. Wet Type ESP
In wet systems, water is passed over the collecting electrode surface of an
ESP to form a water film, and the water film collects the aerosol , which is
washed away along with the water film, or an aerosol consisting of liquid
droplets in a mist,etc.
SPM is collected and washed down off the collecting electrode surface.

14. Conclusion
Electrostatic Smoke Precipitator is a very fine technique for removing
Suspended Particulate matter from the Factory outlets etc.
SPM pollution is estimated to cause 22,000-52,000 deaths per year in the
United States(from 2000) and 200,000 deaths per year in Europe. It is
much higher in India.
It is not that the authority is not aware. The problem is that people
concerned are not serious about it even after knowing the adverse
effects.
The need of the hour is to constitute strict rules to prevent pollution of air
due to factory outlet so that to keep the environment safe.

15. Thank
You