1. Mesh analysis is a technique to analyze circuits using loops or meshes. It involves defining meshes, applying Kirchhoff's voltage law, and solving for mesh currents. 2. Once the mesh currents are solved for, they can be used to calculate the voltage across each component using Ohm's law. 3. The key steps of mesh analysis are to identify all meshes in the circuit, label currents and voltages, write KVL equations, and solve to find mesh currents and component voltages.

1. Group members:
: VOLTMETER

2.  Mesh– the smallest loop around a subset of components in
a circuit.
 Multiple meshes are defined so that every component in the
circuit belongs to one or more meshes

3. i1
i2
+
V1
_
Vin
+
V3
_
+
V5
_
+
V6
_
+ V2 - + V4 -

4.  Technique to find voltage drops around a loop using the currents
that flow within the loop, Kirchoff’s Voltage Law, and Ohm’s.
 Law First result is the calculation of the mesh currents.
 Which can be used to calculate the current flowing through each
component.
 Second result is a calculation of the voltages across the
components.
 Which can be used to calculate the voltage at the nodes.

5.  Identify all the loops in the circuit
 Label the current flowing in mesh
 In each mesh label the voltage each component in the circuit
 Use Kirchhoff's voltage law
 Use ohms law to relate the voltage drops across each components

6.  Solve the mesh currents i1 and i2.this currents are related to the
current found during the nodal analysis.
 If we know I1,I2........... we can know all components voltage

7.  Current divider rule is applicable in
parallel circuit.
 Part of total current will flow
through each of the resistance in a
parallel circuit.
 A current divider is a simple linear
circuit that produces an output
current (IX) that is a fraction of its
input current (IT).

9. 24 A
=2 Ω =3 Ω =6 Ω

11.  It is fundamental laws.
 KCL is conservation of electrical energy.
 Analysis of any circuit.

14.  The super position theorem extends the use of Ohm’s law to circuits
with multiple sources.
 Definition : The current through or voltage across and element in a
linear bilateral network equal to the algebraic sum of the current or
voltages produced independently by each source.

15.  To ascertain the contribution of each individual source all of the
other sources must be “ turned off”.
 Replacing all other independent voltage source with a short circuit.
 Replacing all other independent current sources with an open circuit
.

16.  The theorem is applicable to linear networks consisting of
independent sources, linear dependent sources, passive elements
and linear transformers.
 Another point that should be considered is that superposition only
works for voltage but not for power.

17.  A linear two terminal circuit can be replaced with an equivalent
circuit of an ideal voltage source Vth , in series with a resistor Rth.
 Vth is the equal to the open circuit voltage at the terminals.
 Rth is the equivalent or input resistance when the inpendent
sources in the linear circuits are turned off.

18. Find Rth:
 First low resistance of the circuit Rl is identified and removed.
 All independent voltage and current sources should be off.
 If there is voltage source we have to short this source.
 If there is current source we have to open current source.

19.  Now we apply Req to find Rth.
Find Vth:
 Low resistance of the circuit Rl is identified and removed.
 We measure voltage in this place and measure Vth.