This document discusses different types of educational objectives: 1) Behavioral objectives aim to clearly define specific learner outcomes but can be limiting and reductionist. 2) Problem-solving objectives present learners with problems to solve rather than predefined behaviors. This allows for more creative thinking. 3) Expressive outcomes focus on learners expressing themselves through means such as art, music, and creative writing rather than demonstrated behaviors or problem-solving. The document examines the benefits and limitations of each approach to setting educational objectives.

1. Assessment and Evaluation in VAE
EDUCATIONAL AIMS,
OBJECTIVES AND
OTHER ASPIRATIONS
Behavioral Objectives
The Roots of the Objectives
Movement
Limitations of Behavioral Objectives
Problem Solving Objectives
Expressive Outcomes

2. BEHAVIORAL OBJECTIVES
 Objectives are the specific goals that one hopes to
achieve through the educational program.
 In order for educational planning to be meaningful
not only goals be formulated, but they must also be
formulated with precision and ‘clarity’.
 Words such as
understanding insight appreciation interest
 Refer to qualities that cannot be observed directly;
they require one to make inferences…

3. BEHAVIORAL OBJECTIVES
 Useful objectives should be stated in behavioral terms
or in current performance terms.
 A further condition for formulation of meaningful
behavioral objectives is that both the behavior and the
content be identified.
 An objective is an intent communicated by a statement
describing a proposed change in a learner
(a statement of what the learner is to be like when he has
successfully completed a learning experience)
Example: ‘The student will be able to identify the major causes
that contribute to the progression of Dadaism Art Movement’

4. LIMITATIONS OF BEHAVIORAL OBJECTIVES
Limits of the discourse itself
They educational planning need to be realistic and avoid reductionist thinking
that impoverish our view from what is possible
2nd problem is the use of specific behavioral objectives is that those who evaluate
them often fail to distinguish between the application of a standard and the
making of a judgment
3rd problem with the demand that all objectives be behavioral and defined in
advance deals with the assumption that the specification of goals is the rational
way in which one must proceed in curriculum planning

5. PROBLEM-SOLVING OBJECTIVES (PSO)
 The problem-solving objectives differs in a
significant way from the behavioral objective
 In PSO, the students formulate or are given a
problem to solve.
 E.g. ‘How to design a paper
structure that will hold two bricks
16” above a table?’
Idea 1 Idea 2
Idea 3
Solution

6. PROBLEM-SOLVING OBJECTIVES
 The Educational Imagination
• Behavioral Activity
Behavioral
Objectives
• Problem-Solving Activity
Problem-Solving
Objectives
Expressive Activity • Expressive Outcome

7. PROBLEM-SOLVING OBJECTIVES

8. EXPRESSIVE OUTCOMES

9. EXPRESSIVE OUTCOMES