COMPLETE DIET THERAPY

1. PRAMOD KUMAR
NURSING TUTOR
TMCON

2. Definition
• The term is used to describe this pattern of
diet in medical literature, regardless of where
the diet is found, and is often contrasted with
the "prudent" diet, which has higher levels of
fruits, vegetables, whole-grain foods, poultry
and fish. Other dietary patterns described in
the medical research include "drinker" and
"meat-eater" patterns.

3. Nutrition Facts:
• Overall, the Indian diet provides all of the
essential nutrients. However, the diet in Indian
orphanages is often not nutritionally
adequate, which can lead to nutrient
deficiencies and inadequate growth.

4. • The common diet in an Indian orphanage
consists mainly of cereals with small
quantities of pulses and vegetables and
limited or no provision of milk and milk
products, leafy vegetables, fats and oils, and
fruits.

5. Possible Deficiencies:
• Folate – Folate is needed for making DNA in
new cells. It is also critical for spinal cord and
brain development in embryos

6. • Iodine – Iodine is needed for production of
thyroid hormone. Deficiency of iodine can
lead to development of an enlarged thyroid
called a goiter, hypothyroidism, and mental
retardation in children whose mothers were
iodine deficient during pregnancy.

7. • Iron – Iron is necessary for oxygen delivery to
cells and regulation of cell growth. Iron
deficiency develops gradually and is
commonly seen in women of childbearing age
and children.
• More than 75% of toddlers in India are
anemic.

8. • Vitamin A - Vitamin A plays a critical role in
healthy vision, growth and development, and
immune function. Vitamin A deficiency is
common in developing countries and is often
accompanied by zinc deficiency.
• Symptoms of deficiency include blindness,
diminished ability to fight infections,
decreased growth rate, and slow bone
development.

9. • Vitamin B12 – Vitamin B12 is involved in
energy production as well as converting the
inactive form of folate to its active form.
Without adequate vitamin B12, folate
deficiency symptoms appear. Thus, vitamin
B12 deficiency can cause secondary folate
deficiency.

10. • Vitamin D – Vitamin D is needed for calcium
absorption and maintenance of calcium levels
to enable normal development of bones and
prevent muscular spasms caused by low levels
of calcium in the blood. A poor diet and lack
of exposure to sunlight can result in vitamin D
deficiency.

11. • Zinc – Zinc is involved in many important
processes in the body. Symptoms of zinc
deficiency include delayed growth, loss of
appetite, impaired immune function, hair loss,
diarrhea, delayed sexual maturation, eye and
skin lesions, delayed wound healing, taste
abnormalities, and mental fatigue.

12. Common Foods:
• Milk/Milk products – fresh cow’s, buffalo’s,
donkey’s milk; evaporated milk; fermented
milk products (yogurt); fresh curds; fresh
cheese (paneer); milk-based desserts
• Meat/Poultry/Fish – beef, goat, mutton, pork,
chicken, duck, carp, clams, crab, herring,
lobster, mackerel, mullet, pomfret, sardines,
shrimp, sole, turtle

13. • Eggs/Legumes – chicken eggs; beans (kidney,
mung, etc.), chickpeas, lentils (many varieties),
peas (black-eyed, green)
• Cereals/Grains – rice, wheat, buckwheat,
corn, millet, sorghum

14. • Fruits – apples, apricots, avocados, bananas,
coconut, dates, figs, grapes, guava, jackfruit,
limes,, strawberries, tangerines, watermelon
(there are more than 100 types of fruit
commonly used in India)

15. • Vegetables – amaranth, artichokes, bamboo
shoots, beets, bitter melon, Brussels sprouts,
cabbage, carrots, cauliflower, collard greens,
corn, cucumber, eggplant, lettuce, lotus root,
manioc, mushrooms, mustard greens, okra,
onions, parsnips, potatoes, pumpkin, radishes,
rhubarb, scallions, spinach, sweet potatoes,
tomatoes, turnips, yams, water chestnuts
(there are more than 200 types of vegetables
commonly used in India)

16. • Seasonings – ajwain, amchoor, asafetida, bay
leaf, cardamom, chiles, cinnamon, cloves,
coriander, cumin, dill, fennel, fenugreek,
garlic, kewra, lemon, mace, mint, mustard,
nutmeg, pepper, poppy seeds, rose water,
saffron, tamarind, tumeric
• Nuts/Seeds – almonds, betel nuts and leaves,
cashews, peanuts, pistachios, sunflower
seeds, walnuts

17. • Beverages – coffee, tea, water flavored with
fruit syrups, sugar cane, spices or herbs
• Fats/Oils – coconut oil, ghee, mustard oil,
peanut oil, sesame oil, sunflower oil
• Sweeteners – sugar cane, unrefined palm
sugar (jaggery), molasses

18. • Meal Patterns:
• Asian Indians typically eat two full meals with
substantial snacks. Only the right hand is used in
dining, which is done with utensils or with just
the fingers. Breakfast includes rice or bread, a
pickled fruit or vegetable, and a dal dish.
• Snacks consist of similar foods or snack items and
are consumed with coffee or tea. A meal is not
considered a true meal unless the traditional
staple is prepared in the traditional manner, such
as boiled rice in the South and roti in the North.

19. • Transition Foods
• The transition diet is one you develop to help
bridge the gap between your child’s native diet
and what eventually will become his or her
regular diet at home.
• The transition diet often includes recipes and
foods from the native diet. A good way to start
the transition process is to ask exactly what foods
your child ate in the orphanage or foster home,
using that as a base for your cooking at home.