NATIONAL EDUCATION POLICY

1. PRESENTED BY:
PRAMOD KUMAR
NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL POLICY

2. INTRODUCTION
 The country has reached a stage in its economic and technical
development when a major effort must be made to drive the
maximum benefit and to ensure that the fruit of change reach all
sections. Education is highway to that goal. With this aim in view,
the government of India announced in 1985 that a new education
policy will be formulated which came into being in 1986 as
‘NATIONAL EDUCATION POLICY

3. NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL POLICY
 Formulated by the govt. of india.
 To promote education amongest India’s people.
 First NEP was promulgated in 1968 by the govt.PM Indira
Gandhi.
 Second by PM Rajiv Gandhi in 1986.

4. ASPECTS IN ELEMENTARY EDUCATION
 Universal access and enrolment.
 Universal retention of children up to 14 years of age .
 A substantial improvement in the quality of education to enable all
children to achieve.
 Revival of sanskrit & other classical languages for contemporary
use.

5. RECENT DEVELOPMENTS
 Sarva shiksha abhiyan (SSA)/right to education (RTE)
 National programme for education of girls at elementary level
(NPEGEL)
 Rashtriya madhyamik shiksha abhiyan (RMSA)
 Inclusive education for the disabled at secondary stage (IEDSS)
 Saakshar bharat /adult education

6. HISTORICAL OVERVIEW
 In 1947, the Indian government sponsored a variety of
programmes to address the problems of illiteracy.
 In 1948-1949. Union government established the University
Education Commission to develop proposals to modernize the
India education system.
 In 1961, National Council Of Educational Research and
Training(NCERT) was formed to advise the government on
formulating education policies.


7. HISTROCIAL OVERVIEW
 . In 1968, first National Policy on Education was formed which
called for equalising the educational opportunities to achieve
national integrity.
 In 1986, new ‘NATIONAL EDUCATION POLICY’ was
announced.

8. DEFINITION
 Education is the manifestation of divine perfection already
existing in man
_ Vivekananda
 Education is the creation of a sound mind in a sound body.
_ Vanton


9. OBJECTIVES OF NEP
 Preparation of man to face the 21st century
 Access to education irrespective of caste, creed, color etc.
 National system of education to be based on national curricular
framework
 Motivating the younger generation for international
 Cooperation and peaceful co-existence
 Encouraging the young to rediscover india,its image and perception

10. CONT…
 Establishing network arrangement between institutions in the
country to pool their resources
 Provide opportunities for continuing education of their choice
 Integrating physically and mentally handicapped with general
community to prepare them to face life with courage

11. PROGRAMMES IN NPE:-

12. EDUCATION FOR EQUALITY
 The new policy will lay
special emphasis on the
removal of disparities and to
equalize educational
opportunity by attending to
the specific needs of those
who have been denied
equality so far.

13. EDUCATION FOR WOMEN
 Education will be used as an
agent of basic change in the
status of woman. There will
be a well-conceived edge in
favor of women. The
National Education System
will play a positive,
interventionist role in the
empowerment of women.

14. CONT….
 The removal of women's illiteracy
and obstacles inhibiting their access
to and retention in, elementary
education will receive overriding
priority, through
o provision of special support
services
o setting of time targets,
o effective monitoring.

15. CONT…
 Major emphasis will be laid
on women's participation in
vocational, technical and
professional education at
different levels.

16. EDUCATION OF SCHEDULED CASTES
The central focus is their equalization
with the non SC population at all
stages and levels of education.
Measures include:-
 Incentives to families to send their
children regularly top school till the
age of 14
 Pre-metric scholarships schemes
 Recruitment of teachers from
scheduled castes

17. CONT…
 Constant innovation in
finding new methods to
increase the participation of
scheduled castes in
educational process.

18. EDUCATION OF SCHEDULED
TRIBES
 Priority will be accorded to
opening primary schools in
tribal areas.
 Educated and promising
scheduled tribes youth to take
up teaching in tribal areas

19. INCENTIVES SCHEMES
 Anganwadis, non formal and
adult education centers will be
opened on a priority basis in
areas inhabited by scheduled
tribes.
 Curriculum designed to create
an awareness of rich culture
identity of tribal people.

20. EDUCATION FOR HANDICAPPED
 The objective should be to
integrate the physically and
mentally handicapped with the
general community as equal
partners, to prepare them for
normal growth and to enable
them to face life with courage
and confidence. The following
measures will be taken in this
regard :

21. CONT….
 Wherever feasible, the education
of children with motor handicaps
be common with that of others.
 Special schools with hostels will
be provided, for the severely
handicapped children.
 Adequate arrangements to give
vocational training to the disabled.

22. CONT…
 Teachers' training
programmes to deal with the
special difficulties of the
handicapped children
 Voluntary effort for the
education of the disabled,
will be encouraged in every
possible manner

23. OTHER EDUCATIONALLY
BACKWARD SECTIONS AND
AREAS

24. CONT…
 Suitable incentives will be
provided to all educationally
backward sections of society,
particularly in the rural areas.
Hill and desert districts, remote
and inaccessible areas and
islands will be provided
adequate institutional
infrastructure.

25. MINORITIES
 Some minority groups are educationally deprived or backward.
Greater attention will be paid to the education of these groups in
the interests of equality and social justice. Comprehensive
programmers of post-literacy and continuing education will be
provided for youth who have received primary education with a
view to enabling them to retain and upgrade their literacy skills, &
for the improvement of their living and working condition

26. MINORITIES :PROGRAMMERS
 (a) Establishment of continuing
education centers of diverse kind to
enable adults to continue their
education of their choice;
 (b) Workers' education through the
employers, trade unions and
government;

27. CONT…
 (c) Wider promotion of books,
libraries and reading rooms;
 (d) Use of radio, TV and films ~
as mass as well as group
learning media;
 (e) Creation of learners' groups
and organizations; and
 (f) Programmers of distance
learning.

28. ADULT EDUCATION
Programme of adult education
includes:
 establishment of centres in rural
areas for continuing education;
 workers' education through the
employers, trade unions and
concerned agencies of
government;

29. CONT…..
 post-secondary education
institutions;
 wider promotion of books,
libraries and reading rooms;
 use of radio, TV and films,
as mass and group learning
media;

30. CONT…
 Creation of learners group & organization.
 Programmes of distance learning

31. REORGANIZATION OF
EDUCATION AT DIFFERENT
STAGES

32. EARLY CHILDHOOD CARE &
EDUCATION
 the national policy on children
specially emphasizes investment in
the development of the young child.
Recognizing the holistic nature of
child development, early childhood
care and education (ECCE) receive
high priority and integrated with
the integrated child development.
services programmed.

33. CONT…..
 Programmers of ECCE will be child-oriented, focused around play
and the individuality of the child. A full integration of child care
and pre-primary education will be brought about strengthening
factor for primary education and for human resource development
in general. In continuation of this stage, the school health
programmed will be strengthened.


34. ELEMENTARY EDUCATION
The new thrust in elementary
education will emphasize two
aspects :
 universal enrolment and
universal retention of
children up to 14 years of age
 a substantial improvement in
the quality of education

35. CHILD CENTERED
 A warm, welcoming and
encouraging approach, in
which all concerned share a
solicitude for the needs of the
child, is the best motivation
for the child to attend school
and learn.

36. CHILD CENTERED
 First generation learners
should be allowed to set their
own pace and be given
supplementary remedial
instruction. As the child
grows, the component of
cognitive learning will be
increased and skills organised
through practice

37. SCHOOL FACILITIES
Provision made for essential facilities
in primary schools, including
 at least two reasonably large rooms
that are usable in all weather,
 the necessary toys, blackboards,
maps, charts, and other learning
material.
 At least two teachers, one of whom
a woman, should work in every
school.

38. NON - FORMAL EDUCATION
 A large and systematic
programmed of non-formal
education will be launched
for school drop-outs, for
children from habitations
without schools, working
children and girls who cannot
attend whole- day schools

39. CONT….
 .Modern technological aids to
be used to improve the learning
environment of new centres.
 Talented and dedicated young
men and women from the local
community will be chosen to
serve as instructors, and
particular attention paid to their
training.

40. CONT…
 Steps will be taken to facilitate
their entry into the formal
system in deserving cases.
 All necessary measures will be
taken to ensure that the quality
of non-formal education is
comparable with formal
education.

41. CONT….
 NEP programmers will
provide participatory learning
environment, and activities
such as games and sports,
cultural programmes, etc.

42. SECONDARY EDUCATION
 Secondary education begins
to expose students to the
differentiated roles of
science, the humanities and
social sciences and give them
opportunities to understand
their constitutional duties and
rights as citizens

43. CONT….
 Conscious internalisation of a
healthy work ethos and of the
values of a humane and
composite culture will be
brought about through
appropriately formulated
curricula.

44. CONT….
 Access to secondary
education will be widened to
cover areas unserved by it at
present. In other areas, the
main emphasis will be on
consolidation.

45. VOCATIONALIZATION
These elements are meant to
 enhance individual
employability
 to reduce the miss-match
between the demand and supply
of skilled manpower
 to provide an alternative for
those pursuing higher education
without particular interest or
purpose.

46. CONT…..
 Vocational education will be a
distinct stream, intended to
prepare students for identified
occupations
 These courses will ordinarily be
provided after the secondary
stage, but may also be made
available after Class VIII

47. CONT….
 The establishment of
vocational courses or
institutions will be the
responsibility of the
Government as well as
employers in the public and
private sector

48. CONT…..
 Graduates of vocational
courses- will be given
opportunities, under
predetermined conditions, for
professional growth, career
improvement and lateral entry
into courses of general,
technical and professional
education through appropriate
bridge courses.

49. HIGHER EDUCATION
 Courses and programmes will
be redesigned to meet the
demands of specialisation better.
 Special emphasis will be laid
on linguistic competence.
 There will be increasing
flexibility in the combination of
courses.

50. CONT….
 Provision will be made for
minimum facilities and
admission will be regulated
according to capacity.
 Audio-visual aids and
electronic equipment will be
introduced as effective
teaching method

51. CONT….
 teacher orientation will receive
attention. This will require
preparation of teachers at the
beginning of the service as well
as continuing education
thereafter. Teachers'
performance will be
systematically assessed. All
posts will be filled on the basis
of merit.

52. CONT….
 Research in the universities will
be provided enhanced support
 Suitable mechanisms will be set
up by the UGC for coordinating
research in the universities,
particularly in thrust areas of
science and technology

53. OPEN UNIVERSITY
 The Open University system
has been initiated in order to
augment opportunities for
higher education and as an
instrument of democratizing
education

54. OPEN UNIVERSITY
 The Indira Gandhi National
Open University, established
in 1985 in fulfillment of
these objectives, will be
strengthened. This powerful
instrument will have to be
developed with care and
extended with caution

55. DELINKING JOBS FROM DEGREE
 The proposal cannot be applied
to occupation-specific courses
like Engineering, Medicine,
Law, Teaching, etc.
 De-linking will be applied in
services for which a university
degree need not be a necessary
qualification.

56. CONT…
 Its implementation will lead
to a re-fashioning of job-
specific courses and afford
greater justice to those
candidates who, despite being
equipped for a given job, are
unable to get it because of an
unnecessary preference for
graduate candidates.

57. RURAL UNIVERSITY
 The new pattern of the Rural University
will be consolidated and developed on
the lines of Mahatma Gandhi's
revolutionary ideas on education so as
to take up the challenges of micro-
planning at grassroot levels for the
transformation of rural areas.
Institutions and programmes of
Gandhian basic education will be
supported.

58. INNOVATION, RESEARCH AND
DEVELOPMENT

59. CONT…..
 Research as a means of renovation and renewal of educational
processes will be undertaken
 By all higher technical institutions. It will primarily aim at
producing quality manpower capable of taking up r&d functions.
Research for development will focus on improving present
technologies, developing new indigenous ones and enhancing
production and productivity. A suitable system for watching and
forecasting technology will be set up

60. CONT…
 . Importantly, to become catalysts of a nation-wide programme of school
improvement.
 The scope for co-operation, collaboration and networking relationships
between institutions
 At various levels and with the user systems will be utilised. Proper
maintenance and an attitude of innovation and improvement will be
promoted systematically

61. PROMOTING EFFICIENCY AND
EFFECTIVENESS AT ALL
LEVELS

62. CONT….
 As technical and management education is expensive, the
following major steps will be taken for cost-effectiveness and to
promote excellence:
 I) high priority will be given to modernisation. However,
Modernization will be undertaken to enhance functional efficiency
and not for its own sake or as a status symbol.

63. CONT…
 Ii) institutions will be encouraged to generate resources using their
capacities to provide services to the community and industry. They
will be equipped with up-to-date learning resources, library and
computer facilities.

64. CONT…
 Iii) Adequate hostel accommodation will be provided, specially for
girls. Facilities for sports , creative work and cultural activities
will be expanded.
 Iv) More effective procedures will be adopted in the recruitment
of staff. Career Opportunities, service conditions, consultancy
norms and other perquisites will be improved.

65. CONT…..
 V) The curricula of technical and management programmes will
be targeted on current as well as the projected needs of industry or
user systems. Active interaction between technical or management
institutions and industry will be promoted in programme
 Planning and implementation, exchange of personnel, training
facilities and resources, Research and consultancy and other areas
of mutual interest

66. CONT…
 Vi) Excellence in performance of institutions and individuals will
be recognised and rewarded. The emergence of substandard and
mediocre institutions will be checked. A climate conducive to
excellence and innovation will be promoted with full involvement
of the faculty.

67. CONT…
 Vii) Select institutions will be awarded academic, administrative
and financial autonomy of varying degrees, building in safeguards
with respect to accountability.
 viii) Networking systems will have to be established between
technical education and industry, r&d organisations , programmes
of rural and community development, and with other sectors of
education with complementary characteristics

68. BOOKS AND LIBRARIES
 The availability of books at low
prices is indispensable for
people's education. Effort will
be made to secure easy
accessibility to books for all
segments of the population. .
Measures will be taken to
improve the quality of books,
promote the reading habit and
encourage creative writing

69. MEDIA AND EDUCATIONAL
TECHNOLOGY

70. CONT……….
 Educational technology will be employed in the spread of useful
information, the training and re-training of teachers, to improve
quality, sharpen awareness of art and culture, etc., both in the
formal and non-formal sectors. Maximum use will be made of
the available infrastructure. In villages without electricity, batteries
or solar packs will be used to run the programme.

71. CONT…
 The media have a profound influence on the minds of children as
well as adults.
 An active movement will be started to promote the production of
children's films of high quality and usefulness.

72. WORK EXPERIENCE
 Work experience, viewed as purposive and meaningful manual
work, organised as an integral part of the learning process and
resulting in either goods or services useful to the community, is
considered as an essential component at all stages of education, to
be provided through well-structured and graded programmes.

73. REVIEW
 The implementations of the various parameters of the new policy
must be reviewed every five years, appraisal at short intervals will
also be made to ascertain the progress of implementation and
trends emerging from time to time.

74. MERITS
 1.Deep concern had been
shown by the prime
minister in formulation of
NPE.
 2.The nation wide debate
was conducted for the
formulation of the policy.

75. MERITS
 3.The program of action
was checked out
 4.The ministry of education
was renamed as ministry of
Human Resource
Development.
 5.The policy is
decentralization.

76. MERITS
 6.Equality of educational
opportunity.
 7.Vocational & Techincal
education has received a
very high priority.
 8.The policy emphasizes
recruitment of teachers of
on merit improvement.

77. LIMITATIONS
 1.Neglecting the
neighborhood school’s
concept.
 2.Multiplication of
authorities.
 3.No place for basic
education.

78. CONT…
 4.Silence over the existence
of public schools & their
commercilation.
 5.Financial implication of
the implementation of
educational reforms
haven’t been worked out.

79. SUMMARIZATION
 Today,we discuss about the national educational policy :its
 Introduction,recent developments,definition,objectives,programs,
 ,Merits &limitations.