This document discusses orthotic treatment for deformities related to cerebral palsy. It describes common deformities such as scoliosis, hip adduction/flexion, knee flexion, and foot equinus. It outlines treatments including splinting, bracing with ankle-foot orthoses, and corrective bracing to prevent deformity progression and improve function. Orthoses aim to stretch shortened muscles and resist deforming forces to help align the spine and lower extremities.
This is the presentation which was delivered to third year Bachelor of Physiotherapy students at Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences (KUSMS), Dhulikhel, Nepal. Different schools of thoughts in manual therapy are the part of curriculum for the undergraduate students at KUSMS.
This PPT describes neurological gait deviations.
It describes Hemiplegic/circumductory gait, Spastic Diplegic gait, Parkinson gait, Myopathic & Ataxic gait in detail along with its causes and management in with Physiotherapy treatment. detail
Retraining of motor control basing on understanding of normal movement & analysis of motor dysfunction.
Emphasis of MRP is on practice of specific activities, the training of cognitive control over muscles & movt. Components of activities & conscious elimination of unnecessary muscle activity.
In rehabilitation programme involve – real life activities included.
Deformities observed with Pes cavus includes :
*clawing of the toes
*posterior hind foot deformity (described as an increased calcaneal angle)
*contracture of the plantar fascia
*cock-up deformity of the great toe
Following References were used to prepare this powerpoint presentation which makes the slides accurate and relaible for studying purpose; Therapeutic Exrercise – Carolyn Kisner
Orthopaedic Physical Assessment – Magee
Orthopaedic Medicine – L. Ombregt
Campbell’s Operative Orthopaedics
Slides includes following headings;
DEFINITION
TYPES
ORTHOPAEDIC ASSESSMENT
MEDICAL MANAGGEMENT
PHYSIOTHERAPY MANAGEMENT
SURGICAL MANAGEMENT
This is the presentation which was delivered to third year Bachelor of Physiotherapy students at Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences (KUSMS), Dhulikhel, Nepal. Different schools of thoughts in manual therapy are the part of curriculum for the undergraduate students at KUSMS.
This PPT describes neurological gait deviations.
It describes Hemiplegic/circumductory gait, Spastic Diplegic gait, Parkinson gait, Myopathic & Ataxic gait in detail along with its causes and management in with Physiotherapy treatment. detail
Retraining of motor control basing on understanding of normal movement & analysis of motor dysfunction.
Emphasis of MRP is on practice of specific activities, the training of cognitive control over muscles & movt. Components of activities & conscious elimination of unnecessary muscle activity.
In rehabilitation programme involve – real life activities included.
Deformities observed with Pes cavus includes :
*clawing of the toes
*posterior hind foot deformity (described as an increased calcaneal angle)
*contracture of the plantar fascia
*cock-up deformity of the great toe
Following References were used to prepare this powerpoint presentation which makes the slides accurate and relaible for studying purpose; Therapeutic Exrercise – Carolyn Kisner
Orthopaedic Physical Assessment – Magee
Orthopaedic Medicine – L. Ombregt
Campbell’s Operative Orthopaedics
Slides includes following headings;
DEFINITION
TYPES
ORTHOPAEDIC ASSESSMENT
MEDICAL MANAGGEMENT
PHYSIOTHERAPY MANAGEMENT
SURGICAL MANAGEMENT
Presentation by Pre-Med (2013) Students of Penang Medical College. This presentation is based on a mini research paper on Multidisciplinary Management of Cerebral Palsy. Group members consist of Nurul Najihah,Daniel Koshy & Maheshwaran
A group of motor impairment syndromes resulting from disorders of early brain development and often associated with epilepsy and abnormalities of speech, vision and intellect
Bfit Nagpur is one of the leading fitness and physiotherapy centre in Khamla Nagpur. We are providing complete fitness services and wellness training to keep you and your family healthy.
This meta-analysis was performed to increase knowledge and understanding on prosthetics and to research what works better for these amputees. This should be used to inform us as clinicians as to what we need to focus on with our amputee patients and what to not overlook throughout the rehabilitation process.
Banyak pasien neuro dengan keluhan gangguan motorik, terutama kelemahan anggota badan. Tapi ternyata gangguan motorik tu nggak cuma "parese" aja.. ada banyak macemnya! (Ada yg pernah bikin stats-nya??)
File ini cuma menceritakan sekelumit tentang gangguan motorik, dan si desainer ppt ini pun cuma sempet baca sedikit. Tapi dari yang sedikit ini, rasanya bikin pengen belajar lebih banyak lagi! (karena itu dikasi subtitle "Appetizer"..)
Menarik banget cerita tentang jenis2 gangguan motorik ini, lokasi lesi-nya, ciri2 khususnya, n penyebabnya..
Oia, insyaAllah ppt ini akan selalu dilengkapi & diupdate sesuai referensi yg sanggup dibaca si desainer^^v
(Tugas modul ini pun digarap dengan sangat senang hati, hehehehe..)
Early Physiotherapy and Management of Deformities.pptxICDDelhi
Dr. Mansoor Alam is a child developmental specialist from ICD, New Delhi. He is a medicine graduate with specialization in Developmental Disability Management. After his graduation, he joined Spastic Society of Northern India, New Delhi to have a Post-Graduation Diploma in Developmental Therapy under RCI. Later, he went to Bobath Centre in London, (United Kingdom) to have specialized training in Bobath Approach to the treatment of Children with Cerebral Palsy, which is popularly known as Neurodevelopment Treatment (NDT). While, he was in Sydney, Australia, he did an advance course on the Use of Botox in Spasticity Management. He is one of the few professionals in India who attended Gait Analysis Course in Australia. To have in-depth knowledge to work with children neurodevelopmental disabilities, he pursued specialized training programs on GMA (General Movements Assessment), Constrained Induced Manual Therapy (CIMT), Early Intervention, Sensory Integration Therapy, Clinical Pathology and Acupuncture.
He joined SSNI as an associate professional in 1993 and worked for 8 continuous years. He became the technical director of “Udaan for the Disabled, New Delhi” to manage the India’s first Multimode Therapy Project in 2001. The MMT Project was the first project in India which conducted studies on the efficacy of Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy (HBOT) along with other medical therapies including pediatric Therapy in children with neurodevelopmental disabilities ( Cerebral Palsy and Autism).On completion, the MMT Project, he joined Prerna Welfare Society as the Chief Consultant and Executive Director. In 2013, he started an organization named “Institute for Child Development, New Delhi”. Presently, he is the Executive Director of ICD, New Delhi and associated consultant to many organizations.
what is crouch gait and its Physiotherapy rehabilitation
this type gait mostly seen in spastic diaplegic Cerebral palsy child least common in quadriplegic C P , and hemiplegic C P
Hip and Thigh injuries in sports such as- Perthes Disease, Osteitis Pubis, Avascular Necrosis of The Femoral Head, Hip Pointer, Classic Groin Strain, ‘Pull’ Or Adductor Tendinopathy, Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis, Trochanteric Bursitis/Gluteus Medius Tendinopathy, Iliopsoas strain, Quadriceps strain, Irritable Hip etc.
Recurrent posterior shoulder instability is an uncommon condition. It is often unrecognized, leading to incorrect diagnoses, delays in diagnosis, and even missed diagnoses. Posterior instability encompasses a wide spectrum of pathology, ranging from unidirectional posterior subluxation to multidirectional instability to locked posterior dislocations. Nonsurgical treatment of posterior shoulder instability is successful in most cases; however, surgical intervention is indicated when conservative treatment fails. For optimal results, the surgeon must accurately define the pattern of instability and address all soft-tissue and bony injuries present at the time of surgery. Arthroscopic treatment of posterior shoulder instability has increased application, and a variety of techniques has been described to manage posterior glenohumeral instability related to posterior capsulolabral injury. For more shoulder surgery and shoulder instability studies, visit Dr. Millett, The Steadman Clinic, Vail Colorado http://drmillett.com/shoulder-studies
ELBOW JOINT PATHOLOGY AND REHABILITATION 1.pptxSrishti Mahadik
Elbow joint pathomechanics and rehabilitation in physiotherapy explained in detailed manner.Each and every point from reference books mentiuoned above is included.
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/lK81BzxMqdo
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/Ve4P0COk9OI
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
- Link to NephroTube website: www.NephroTube.com
- Link to NephroTube social media accounts: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/join-nephrotube-on-social-media.html
micro teaching on communication m.sc nursing.pdfAnurag Sharma
Microteaching is a unique model of practice teaching. It is a viable instrument for the. desired change in the teaching behavior or the behavior potential which, in specified types of real. classroom situations, tends to facilitate the achievement of specified types of objectives.
Flu Vaccine Alert in Bangalore Karnatakaaddon Scans
As flu season approaches, health officials in Bangalore, Karnataka, are urging residents to get their flu vaccinations. The seasonal flu, while common, can lead to severe health complications, particularly for vulnerable populations such as young children, the elderly, and those with underlying health conditions.
Dr. Vidisha Kumari, a leading epidemiologist in Bangalore, emphasizes the importance of getting vaccinated. "The flu vaccine is our best defense against the influenza virus. It not only protects individuals but also helps prevent the spread of the virus in our communities," he says.
This year, the flu season is expected to coincide with a potential increase in other respiratory illnesses. The Karnataka Health Department has launched an awareness campaign highlighting the significance of flu vaccinations. They have set up multiple vaccination centers across Bangalore, making it convenient for residents to receive their shots.
To encourage widespread vaccination, the government is also collaborating with local schools, workplaces, and community centers to facilitate vaccination drives. Special attention is being given to ensuring that the vaccine is accessible to all, including marginalized communities who may have limited access to healthcare.
Residents are reminded that the flu vaccine is safe and effective. Common side effects are mild and may include soreness at the injection site, mild fever, or muscle aches. These side effects are generally short-lived and far less severe than the flu itself.
Healthcare providers are also stressing the importance of continuing COVID-19 precautions. Wearing masks, practicing good hand hygiene, and maintaining social distancing are still crucial, especially in crowded places.
Protect yourself and your loved ones by getting vaccinated. Together, we can help keep Bangalore healthy and safe this flu season. For more information on vaccination centers and schedules, residents can visit the Karnataka Health Department’s official website or follow their social media pages.
Stay informed, stay safe, and get your flu shot today!
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Ve...kevinkariuki227
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
MANAGEMENT OF ATRIOVENTRICULAR CONDUCTION BLOCK.pdfJim Jacob Roy
Cardiac conduction defects can occur due to various causes.
Atrioventricular conduction blocks ( AV blocks ) are classified into 3 types.
This document describes the acute management of AV block.
Knee anatomy and clinical tests 2024.pdfvimalpl1234
This includes all relevant anatomy and clinical tests compiled from standard textbooks, Campbell,netter etc..It is comprehensive and best suited for orthopaedicians and orthopaedic residents.
Recomendações da OMS sobre cuidados maternos e neonatais para uma experiência pós-natal positiva.
Em consonância com os ODS – Objetivos do Desenvolvimento Sustentável e a Estratégia Global para a Saúde das Mulheres, Crianças e Adolescentes, e aplicando uma abordagem baseada nos direitos humanos, os esforços de cuidados pós-natais devem expandir-se para além da cobertura e da simples sobrevivência, de modo a incluir cuidados de qualidade.
Estas diretrizes visam melhorar a qualidade dos cuidados pós-natais essenciais e de rotina prestados às mulheres e aos recém-nascidos, com o objetivo final de melhorar a saúde e o bem-estar materno e neonatal.
Uma “experiência pós-natal positiva” é um resultado importante para todas as mulheres que dão à luz e para os seus recém-nascidos, estabelecendo as bases para a melhoria da saúde e do bem-estar a curto e longo prazo. Uma experiência pós-natal positiva é definida como aquela em que as mulheres, pessoas que gestam, os recém-nascidos, os casais, os pais, os cuidadores e as famílias recebem informação consistente, garantia e apoio de profissionais de saúde motivados; e onde um sistema de saúde flexível e com recursos reconheça as necessidades das mulheres e dos bebês e respeite o seu contexto cultural.
Estas diretrizes consolidadas apresentam algumas recomendações novas e já bem fundamentadas sobre cuidados pós-natais de rotina para mulheres e neonatos que recebem cuidados no pós-parto em unidades de saúde ou na comunidade, independentemente dos recursos disponíveis.
É fornecido um conjunto abrangente de recomendações para cuidados durante o período puerperal, com ênfase nos cuidados essenciais que todas as mulheres e recém-nascidos devem receber, e com a devida atenção à qualidade dos cuidados; isto é, a entrega e a experiência do cuidado recebido. Estas diretrizes atualizam e ampliam as recomendações da OMS de 2014 sobre cuidados pós-natais da mãe e do recém-nascido e complementam as atuais diretrizes da OMS sobre a gestão de complicações pós-natais.
O estabelecimento da amamentação e o manejo das principais intercorrências é contemplada.
Recomendamos muito.
Vamos discutir essas recomendações no nosso curso de pós-graduação em Aleitamento no Instituto Ciclos.
Esta publicação só está disponível em inglês até o momento.
Prof. Marcus Renato de Carvalho
www.agostodourado.com
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3. In Bone and joint changes cerebral palsy
result from muscle spasticity and contracture.
The spine and the joints of the lower
extremity are most commonly affected.
Scoliosis may progress rapidly and may
continue after skeletal maturity.
Increased thoracic hypnosis and lumbar
lordosis, spondylolisthesis, spondylolysis, and
pelvic obliquity may accompany the scoliosis.
Progressive hip flexion and adduction lead to
windswept deformity, increased femoral
anteversion, apparent coxa valga,
subluxation, deformity of the femoral head,
hip dislocation, and formation of a
pseudoacetabulum.
4. In the knee, flexion contracture,, and
patellar fragmentation are the most
commonly seen abnormalities.
Recurvatum deformity can also
develop in the knee secondary to
contracture of the rectus femoris
muscle.
Progressive equinovalgus and
equinovarus of the foot and ankle are
associated with rocker-bottom
deformity and subluxation of the
talonavicular joint.
6. Spasticity
Spasticity is increase in tonic reflexes
Exaggerated tendon jerks
Spasticity is one part of the upper motor neuron
syndrome, but it is a widespread problem in
cerebral palsy; it is debilitating, affects function
and can lead to musculoskeletal complications.
Significant advances have occurred in
antispasticity management (and related
musculoskeletal problems) in children with
cerebral palsy during the past 5-10 years the
potential for combination treatment with other
modalities.
There is a role of biomechanical assessment and
providing mobility aids/casting/orthoses and
motor training/stretching exercises
7.
8. Thoracolumbar spine
The prevalence of scoliosis in patients with spastic
cerebral palsy ranges from 15% to 61% .Males are
more commonly affected .This is in contrast to
idiopathic scoliosis, which has an 8:1 female
predominance. Curves are typically less than 40° but
can range from 10° to 146°.
The incidence of scoliosis increases with age and
decreased ambulation. Most scoliotic curves progress
from postural to fixed deformities . Body braces
showed benefit in a randomised controlled trial.
The Milwaukee brace is one particular body brace that
is often used. Modern CAD / CAM braces are used in
Europe
9.
10. Treatment
Treatment is primarily aimed at improving sitting
balance and halting curve progression. Severe
deformities may be prevented by external
bracing if scoliosis is detected early .
The patients' wheelchair needs to be assessed
and modified in order to accommodate for their
corrected spinal posture and seating balance
after surgery.
A reclining wheelchair can be used initially to
provide better sitting comfort during the
immediate postoperative period and while a
patient who has been fused distally to the
sacrum and the pelvis has difficulties to sit to
90°.
11.
12.
13. hip
Hip subluxation and dislocation are the second most
common deformities in patients with spastic cerebral palsy,
with a reported prevalence of up to 28%.
The spastic adductors and iliopsoas muscles overpower
the weaker hip abductors and extensors . This may result
in scissor gait (bilateral adduction hip contracture) or
windswept deformity.
Windswept deformity (adduction contracture of one hip and
abduction contracture of the other hip) occurs in up to 23%
of patients . Impaired ambulation and sitting balance,
greater trochanteric decubiti, and pain may also be present
14. treatment
Treatment is aimed at preventing adduction and
flexion deformity and progression to subluxation
or dislocation . Nonsurgical management
involves stretching the spastic agonist muscles
and strengthening the weaker antagonist
muscles. Abduction splinting may also be used .
Hkfo is recommended in case of hip deformity
Since 1992 following orthosis has been used for
thousands of CP children in many countries
15.
16. knee
Knee flexion deformity (crouch knee) is the most
common knee abnormality in spastic cerebral
palsy .
This deformity is associated with hip and ankle
flexion contractures and is due to spasticity of
the hamstrings .
As flexion progresses, more force is placed on
the quadriceps muscles, leading to
overstretching of the quadriceps muscle fibers
and the infrapatellar tendon, causing patella alta,
patellar fragmentation, chondromalacia, joint
instability, muscle weakness, and pain.
17.
18. treatment
Treatment of knee flexion deformity is aimed at
progression
ground reaction ankle foot orthosis (GRAFO) is
use .
GRAFO locks ankle and resist ankle dorsi flexion
Help to correct crouch from plantar flexion
KAFO is used to correct the deformity
19.
20. Foot
Equinus deformity (plantar-flexed calcaneus)
is the most common musculoskeletal
abnormality in patients with spastic cerebral
palsy . A fixed or spastic contracture of the
gastrocnemius and soleus causes the
characteristic tiptoe or toe-heel gait with an
inability to keep the heel in the shoe. Equinus
is commonly associated with knee flexion and
valgus or varus deformity of the hind foot
and forefoot.
21.
22. treatment
The goal of treatment is to prevent and
correct deformities to increase function.
braces attempt to stretch shortened
muscles
Floor reaction orthosis
Ankle foot orthosis is given in case of foot
deformity
25. Gait disorders
Stiff knee gait
characterized by limited knee flexion in swing
phase due to rectus femoris firing out of phase
Crouch gait
hamstring contracture - most common cause(results in a
combination of hip flexion, knee flexion, and ankle
equinus)
Toe-walking gait
common in hemiplegics
• Treatment:
Ankle foot orthosis
26. Upper extremity deformities
Most pts w/ hemiplegic cerebral palsy have
functionless hand marked by:
- flexion of the elbow with pronation of the
forearm
- flexion of the wrist and fingers: spasticity,
weakness, flexion deformity of the wrist &
fingers
- thumb in palm deformity
- loss of sensation and proprioception.
27. Deformities in upper extrimty
Shoulder internal rotational contracture
Fore arm pronation
Wrist flexion deformity
Thumb in palm deformity
Finger flexion deformity
28.
29. Conclusion
Cerebral palsy is a central nervous system
disorder characterized by muscle
spasticity and contracture. Scoliosis and
flexion deformities of the hips, knees, and
feet occur. Early recognition of
progressive deformity allows timely
treatment and prevention of irreversible
change.