The document discusses Controller Area Network (CAN) bus, which is a vehicle bus standard that allows microcontrollers and devices to communicate with each other within a vehicle without a host computer. Key points:
- CAN bus uses a serial communication protocol and multi-master message model to allow nodes to transmit and receive messages.
- It employs a bus topology where nodes are connected to a single cable with termination resistors at each end to eliminate signal reflections.
- CAN bus is used widely in automotive applications but also in other industries like shipping, manufacturing, etc. due to its robustness, error detection and flexibility.
overview and working of CAN protocol .
application of CAN protocol.
CAN protocol fault confinement
what can is?
why we need CAN protocol?
how CAN protocol works
CAN bus presentation covers all points in brief, at last please refer the references it really worth..
This was presented on 12-06-2017 in a Germany.
There was a 15 minutes time limit for presentation hence couldn't cover in detail
For further details please contact
overview and working of CAN protocol .
application of CAN protocol.
CAN protocol fault confinement
what can is?
why we need CAN protocol?
how CAN protocol works
CAN bus presentation covers all points in brief, at last please refer the references it really worth..
This was presented on 12-06-2017 in a Germany.
There was a 15 minutes time limit for presentation hence couldn't cover in detail
For further details please contact
This pdf is about the CAN communication protocol, which is vital for automobiles.A Brief Overview. The CAN bus protocol is defined by the ISO 11898-1 standard and can be summarized like this: The physical layer uses differential transmission on a twisted pair wire. A non-destructive bit-wise arbitration is used to control access to the bus. This is made with the help of Engineersgarage.
All the images used in my presentation are belonging to their respective owners. I do not own any copyright.
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>> One of the Best, Semester-3 M.Tech Academic Seminar Presentation on "Controller Area Network Bus" or CAN Protocol.
>> One of the Automotive based protocols from Robert Bosch
>> Comes under In-Vehicle Networking (IVN) Technology
>> Includes most of the theoretical concepts of CAN
This pdf is about the CAN communication protocol, which is vital for automobiles.A Brief Overview. The CAN bus protocol is defined by the ISO 11898-1 standard and can be summarized like this: The physical layer uses differential transmission on a twisted pair wire. A non-destructive bit-wise arbitration is used to control access to the bus. This is made with the help of Engineersgarage.
All the images used in my presentation are belonging to their respective owners. I do not own any copyright.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
>> One of the Best, Semester-3 M.Tech Academic Seminar Presentation on "Controller Area Network Bus" or CAN Protocol.
>> One of the Automotive based protocols from Robert Bosch
>> Comes under In-Vehicle Networking (IVN) Technology
>> Includes most of the theoretical concepts of CAN
This Presentation can be used by the Students of Engineering who Deals with the Subject ELECTRICAL MACHINES and use it for Refrence (Anyways you Guys will Copy Paste or Download it) ;)
Tamil Nadu, Agricultural Engineering Department, Agricultural Machinery Training Centre, Tiruchirapalli,Training on Newly Developed Agricultural Machinery & Equipments,(Past & Present) - An 'U' Turn Look by Coomarasamy. C, Formerly EE, AED
In recent years, rapid growth in the field of electronics and computer technology which makes the life simpler and faster. This development hits the automobile sector, which makes increases the systems in vehicle like infotainment system, safety system and security system. These systems are integrated to know the status of the vehicle for each and every second, this is done by means of different networking protocols. In this paper, the different network architecture and protocols are discussed and which is best suited for automobile in the current scenario.
Controller Area Network (CAN) Different TypesFebinShaji9
Controller Area Network (or CAN) is the latest communication system within the automotive world. At its simplest level, it can be thought of as a means of linking all the electronic systems within a vehicle together to allow them to communicate with each other
Wireless Controller Area Network (WCAN) PROTOCOL.
WCAN uses token frame method in
providing channel access to nodes in the system. This method
allow nodes to share a common broadcast channel by taking
turns in transmitting upon receiving the token frame that are
circulating around the network for a specified amount of time.
The token frame allows nodes to access the network one at a
time, giving ‘fair’ chance to all nodes to transmit, instead of
competing with one another. Message with highest priority has
the highest priority to transmit. The token frame method
provides high throughput in a bounded latency environment.
WCAN is tested in a simulation environment and is found
outperforms IEEE 802.11 in a ring network environment in
terms of network scalability and high data rate.
Response time analysis of mixed messages in CANIJERA Editor
Controller Area Network (CAN) is a network protocol that allows multiple processors in a system to
communicate efficiently with each other. Microprocessors became small enough and powerful enough to start
appearing everywhere, not just inside personal computers. A CAN system sends messages using a serial bus
network, with the individual nodes (processors) in the network linked together in a daisy chain. Every node in
the system is equal to every other node. Any processor can send a message to any other processor, and if any
processor fails, the other systems in the machine will continue to work properly and communicate with each
other.In modern vehicle technology CAN is used to reduce point to point wiring harness for vehicle automation
and for data communication. To overcome the drawbacks of analog vehicle driving interface, this paper presents
the development and implementation of a digital driving system for a semi-autonomous vehicle to improve the
driver-vehicle interface. This offers increased flexibility and expandability. This system uses sensors to
measure temperature, distance from the other car, presence of alcohol in car, position monitoring, theft
monitoring and etc., and sends a warning signal to the driver if any of the parameter goes out of range to avoid
accidents. In addition to this if accident occurs in any remote area then using vibration sensor, accident is
detected and SMS is send immediately using GSM and preventing him from potentially getting into a serious
problems.
Similar to Controller Area Network (Basic Level Presentation) (20)
Symptoms like intermittent starting and key recognition errors signal potential problems with your Mercedes’ EIS. Use diagnostic steps like error code checks and spare key tests. Professional diagnosis and solutions like EIS replacement ensure safe driving. Consult a qualified technician for accurate diagnosis and repair.
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Fleet management these days is next to impossible without connected vehicle solutions. Why? Well, fleet trackers and accompanying connected vehicle management solutions tend to offer quite a few hard-to-ignore benefits to fleet managers and businesses alike. Let’s check them out!
In this presentation, we have discussed a very important feature of BMW X5 cars… the Comfort Access. Things that can significantly limit its functionality. And things that you can try to restore the functionality of such a convenient feature of your vehicle.
What Exactly Is The Common Rail Direct Injection System & How Does It WorkMotor Cars International
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2. Slide No 2
Vehicle Components
Components for functioning of a Vehicle?
Engine
Body
Chassis
Music System
Brakes
Lighting System
Battery
Sensors
Doors
Windows
Gauges
Climate Control
Meters
3. Slide No 3
Components Communication
If all the mentioned components communicate in this fashion, would be a
mess, more no of cables would require, etc.
Also if a new node is to be introduced, it will be very difficult and complex
components
ECM/BCM
4. Slide No 4
Topology for communication
What is a Topology
In general, it is a study of Shapes and Spaces, such as
Connectedness
Continuity
Boundary
Branches
5. Slide No 5
CAN – “Bus Topology”
What is a Network Topology
It is the arrangement of various elements [Links, Nodes, Etc.]
for a Network [a telecommunication n/w] to exchange Data
So CAN is a BUS Topology
6. Slide No 6
Vehicle Bus Topology
What is a Vehicle Bus
An internal communications network that interconnects components inside a
vehicle [e.g. automobile, bus, train, industrial or agricultural vehicle, etc.]
components
Internal Communication
Network
7. Slide No 7
Protocol
Now we have the Vehicle Bus for communication,
What if there is
NO Format on how it should be routed / communicated or passed to others
NO Syntax on how to understand the communication
NO Identification to track the communication
8. Slide No 8
Protocol
What is a Protocol
Protocol is a set of rules for exchanging messages within or between
components/system
Basic requirements of protocols
Data formats for data exchange
Address formats for data exchange
Address mapping
Routing
Acknowledgment
9. Slide No 9
Types of Protocol
What are the types of Protocol?
In general, protocols differ in so many ways that it's not
possible to give an answer
Why you need different varieties of Protocols:
Because it depends on who, where, how, whom
10. Slide No 10
CAN
CAN (Controller Area Network)
Development of Controller Area Network bus
started originally in 1983 at Robert Bosch GmbH.
12. Slide No 12
Development of CAN
The development of CAN began:
when more and more electronic devices were implemented
into modern motor vehicles
It was designed specifically for automotive applications but now also used in other areas
To improve the behavior of the vehicle even further,
it was necessary for the different control systems (and their sensors) to exchange information
13. Slide No 13
After CAN
After CAN
One of the advantages of this topology is:
that nodes can easily be added or removed with minimal software impact
14. Slide No 14
CAN
What are the Characteristics of a CAN
It is a Vehicle BUS with:
Serial communication Protocol
Multi-Master Message Model
System flexibility
Communication speed
15. Slide No 15
CAN
CAN bus is a Serial Communication Protocol
What is Serial Communication?
Serial communication is the process of sending data one bit at a time,
sequentially, over a communication channel
Serial Communication is used for all long-haul communication
16. Slide No 16
CAN
Why Serial Communication?
Basic differences:
Serial Communication Parallel Communication
One data bit is transceived at a
time
Multiple data bits are transceived
at a time
Less number of cables required to
transmit data
Higher number of cables required
Long Distance Short Distance
17. Slide No 17
CAN
Why Serial Communication
A few advantages
A serial connection requires fewer interconnecting cables (e.g., wires/ fibers) and
hence occupies less space.
The extra space allows for better isolation of the channel from its surroundings.
Serial is a better option because it is cheaper to implement
In general, Common Serial Communication Protocol are:
SPI, I2C, FireWire, Ethernet, USB, RS232, etc.
18. Slide No 18
Vehicle Bus Protocol
Protocol Abbreviation Nature
CAN Controlled Area Network
an inexpensive low-speed serial bus for
interconnecting automotive components
D2B Domestic Digital Bus a high-speed multimedia interface
FlexRay -
a general purpose high-speed protocol with
safety-critical features
I²C Inter-Integrated Circuit for attaching low-speed peripherals
KWP 2000 Keyword Protocol 2000
– a protocol for automotive diagnostic devices
(runs either on a serial line or over CAN)
LIN
Local Interconnect Network
a very low cost in-vehicle sub-network
MOST
Media Oriented Systems
Transport
a high-speed multimedia interface
SPI Serial Peripheral Interface
for communication with slow peripheral
devices, which are accessed infrequently
Common Vehicle Bus Protocols include:
19. Slide No 19
CAN
CAN bus is a Multi Master Message Model
What is Multi Master
Any Node* can Transmit or Receive any message
What is Message Model
Data transmitted from any node on a CAN bus, does not contain ADDRESSES of
either the transmitting node, or of any intended receiving node.
Instead it contains MESSAGE which will be labelled by an identifier
20. Slide No 20
CAN, Multi Master Message Model
Basic working Principle
Data that are transmitted from any Node, contains MESSAGE labelled with
IDENTIFIER, which is unique throughout the network
All other nodes receive the message and each performs an acceptance test on the
identifier to determine if the message, and thus its content, is relevant to that
particular node.
If the message is relevant, it will be processed; otherwise it is ignored.
Tx
Rx
Rx
Rx
RxRx
Tx
Rx
21. Slide No 21
CAN, Multi Master Message Model
What if two or more nodes start sending a message at
same time?
Answer:
A node with message having a highest priority will be granted to send first
Advantage:
It guarantees that messages are sent in order of priority
In addition it also ensures that No message are lost
22. Slide No 22
CAN Node Requirement
Each node requires a
Host Processor
The host processor decides: what received messages mean and which messages it wants to transmit itself
Sensors, actuators and control devices can be connected to the host processor.
CAN Controller
Receiving: the CAN controller stores received bits serially from the bus until an entire message is available, which can then
be fetched by the host processor (usually after the CAN controller has triggered an interrupt)
Sending: the host processor stores its transmit messages to a CAN controller, which transmits the bits serially onto the bus.
CAN Transceiver
Receiving: it adapts signal levels from the bus to levels that the CAN controller expects and has protective circuitry that
protects the CAN controller
Transmitting: it converts the transmit-bit signal received from the CAN controller into a signal that is sent onto the bus.
23. Slide No 23
CAN
CAN Message are Transmitted/Received:
Periodically
On Request
On a State change
At a uniform and
fixed bit rate
within a CAN Bus or
Network
24. Slide No 24
CAN
Error Free Communication
Low Wiring Cost
Low Hardware Cost
Easy expandability
Low Node-Connection Cost
Safety critical equipment Real-time System
“Twisted Pair Wire”, wiring cost is low
Connectivity with MCU doesn’t occupy much Chip area,
which keeps the MCU’s cost Low
Simple to add Nodes to the network;
Just lap in two wires at any point on the bus
Only two pins are needed on MCU and in Bus connectors
More Chips with CAN Hardware
More and more MCUs with CAN functionality are becoming available
25. Slide No 25
CAN
Quantity of CAN Nodes:
Theoretically it is unlimited
But practically it is limited to certain number, because higher the nodes will
impact on the Delay of the response, will increase the electrical load
26. Slide No 26
CAN
CAN Bus implementation
A Common way to implement using Two-Twisted wires with two termination
Resistors of 120 ohms
Twisted Pair Connection – for bi-directional data
Terminators
27. Slide No 27
CAN – Twisted Pair Wire
Reason for Twisted Pair Wires
To Cancel out Noise generated by external fields across Wires
Current flowing in each wire in Opposite direction, their magnetic field cancels,
so the cable radiates less
What is a Terminator
A device connected to one end of a bus or cable that absorbs signals
Terminators can be passive (simple resistors) or active (more complex electronics)
depending on the type of bus being terminated
28. Slide No 28
CAN Termination
CAN Bus is terminated with 120 ohms?
The terminator is placed at the end of a transmission line to
Eliminate reflections at the ends of bus wire
Thus to Match Impedance*
29. Slide No 29
CAN
CAN Bus is terminated with 120 ohms?
Source Destination
Source Destination
Termination
30. Slide No 30
CAN
Why only 120Ω been used?
120 Ω is going to be close most of the time for the relatively large wires
commonly used for CAN.
31. Slide No 31
CAN
Non-Automotive CAN Applications:
Ships
Locomotives, Railway Systems
HVAC Systems
Elevators
Industrial Freezers, High Speed Printing Machines
Many Others
33. Slide No 33
CAN
CAN Standard Specification
CAN Protocol is Standardized by ISO
ISO11898 and ISO11519-2, with no much difference except at the Physical Layer
ISO11898 is a standard for high-speed CAN communication
ISO11519 is a standard for low-speed CAN communication
34. Slide No 34
CAN
What is Matching Impedance?
When sending power down a transmission line, it is usually desirable that as much
power as possible will be absorbed by the load and as little as possible will be
reflected back to the source.
Editor's Notes
The automotive industry quickly realized the complexity of wiring each module to every other module. Such a wiring design would not only be complex, it would have to be altered depending on which modules were included in the specific vehicle. For example, a car without the anti-lock brake module would have to be wired differently than one that included anti-lock brakes.
What is a Bus
In General, Bus is an electrical pathway
In other words, the bus is the channel, that connects components and transfers information
For example,
a general scenario, its your birthday
You bring sweets and send mail to everybody
You want to go out for dinner, to mail to selected people
Multicast is the delivery of data to a group simultaneously in a single transmission from the source.
If two or more units start sending a message at the same time, the unit whose message has highest priority is granted the rights to send, and all other units perform a receive operation.
In situations where two or more nodes attempt to transmit at the same time, a non-destructive arbitration technique guarantees that messages are sent in order of priority and that no messages are lost.
If two or more units start sending a message at the same time, the unit whose message has highest priority is granted the rights to send, and all other units perform a receive operation.
In situations where two or more nodes attempt to transmit at the same time, a non-destructive arbitration technique guarantees that messages are sent in order of priority and that no messages are lost.
The CAN protocol has been standardized by ISO, so that there are several ISO standards for CAN such as
ISO11898 and ISO11519-2. In the ISO11898 and ISO11519-2 standards, there are no differences in the
definition of the data link layer, but differences exist for the physical layer.
In electronics, impedance matching is the practice of designing the input impedance of an electrical load (or the output impedance of its corresponding signal source) to maximize the power transfer or minimize reflections from the load.
>> http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impedance_matching
>> http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transmission_line
>> http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrical_termination