The document provides details about a project to develop a vehicle monitoring system using a PIC microcontroller and Controller Area Network (CAN) protocol. The system will monitor various vehicle parameters like temperature, carbon monoxide levels, battery voltage, and light detected by an LDR. Sensors will detect the parameters which will be sent to a microcontroller via CAN protocol and displayed on an LCD near the driver's seat. The document discusses the hardware and software requirements, CAN protocol features, operation of a PIC microcontroller, and sensors to be used like temperature sensor, gas sensor, LDR.
This document outlines a bachelor project to design a color mixer. The objectives are to minimize costs, improve on existing machines, and allow for a variety of products. It will use a closed loop mechatronic system with a mixing station, discrete control via a microcontroller, and components like valves, relays, and a webcam. A Visual Basic interface will provide a fast, smart and accurate user interface. Some issues arose with the RGB analysis exceeding container ranges, but the difference will just be displayed rather than activating the machine. The conclusion is that machines with graphical user interfaces can be easily operated by most users, reducing labor costs, and allow for remote and database access.
This document provides an overview of embedded systems topics including:
1. It outlines an agenda to cover embedded system basics, processors and architectures, serial communication, real-time operating systems, and embedded programming demos.
2. It defines embedded systems as systems with dedicated software embedded in hardware to perform specific tasks as part of a larger system.
3. It discusses different processor types including microprocessors, microcontrollers, digital signal processors, and application specific integrated processors.
my presentation ,explaination of embedded system,
introduction of embedded system, embedded system application,embedded system related job opportunity of embedded system in the world . embedded system using application in the world.
embedded system is uing varies microcontroller explination in the power point presentation.
embedded sytem is best in the world compare to another another automation.
The document describes a project report on designing and developing a vehicle monitoring system using a PIC microcontroller and Controller Area Network (CAN) protocol. The system monitors various vehicle parameters like temperature, CO levels, battery voltage, and light detection using sensors. The sensors send data to the microcontroller which transfers it to a receiver section using CAN protocol. The receiver section then displays the parameters on an LCD for the driver. The project aims to implement the latest CAN technology for accurate and fast vehicle monitoring compared to traditional systems.
This document provides an overview of embedded system design, including:
1) Embedded systems combine hardware, software, and mechanics to perform specific functions like those in smartphones and other smart devices.
2) Embedded systems are designed for single tasks unlike desktops which can perform many tasks.
3) Embedded systems are used in application areas like automotive, industrial, aerospace/defense, and consumer electronics.
This document provides an introduction to embedded systems through a training program. It defines embedded systems as the integration of software and hardware to perform a specific task. It then categorizes embedded systems as stand-alone, real-time, mobile, or networked. Examples are given for each category. The document outlines the basic components and skills needed for embedded systems, including software/hardware components and coding/analysis skills. It also provides instructions for creating a first project in Eclipse to blink an LED and introduces LCD interfacing with the ATmega16 microcontroller.
introduction to Embedded System & Design.
Embedded systems overview
What are they?
Design challenge – optimizing design metrics
Technologies
Processor technologies
IC technologies
Design technologies
This document outlines a bachelor project to design a color mixer. The objectives are to minimize costs, improve on existing machines, and allow for a variety of products. It will use a closed loop mechatronic system with a mixing station, discrete control via a microcontroller, and components like valves, relays, and a webcam. A Visual Basic interface will provide a fast, smart and accurate user interface. Some issues arose with the RGB analysis exceeding container ranges, but the difference will just be displayed rather than activating the machine. The conclusion is that machines with graphical user interfaces can be easily operated by most users, reducing labor costs, and allow for remote and database access.
This document provides an overview of embedded systems topics including:
1. It outlines an agenda to cover embedded system basics, processors and architectures, serial communication, real-time operating systems, and embedded programming demos.
2. It defines embedded systems as systems with dedicated software embedded in hardware to perform specific tasks as part of a larger system.
3. It discusses different processor types including microprocessors, microcontrollers, digital signal processors, and application specific integrated processors.
my presentation ,explaination of embedded system,
introduction of embedded system, embedded system application,embedded system related job opportunity of embedded system in the world . embedded system using application in the world.
embedded system is uing varies microcontroller explination in the power point presentation.
embedded sytem is best in the world compare to another another automation.
The document describes a project report on designing and developing a vehicle monitoring system using a PIC microcontroller and Controller Area Network (CAN) protocol. The system monitors various vehicle parameters like temperature, CO levels, battery voltage, and light detection using sensors. The sensors send data to the microcontroller which transfers it to a receiver section using CAN protocol. The receiver section then displays the parameters on an LCD for the driver. The project aims to implement the latest CAN technology for accurate and fast vehicle monitoring compared to traditional systems.
This document provides an overview of embedded system design, including:
1) Embedded systems combine hardware, software, and mechanics to perform specific functions like those in smartphones and other smart devices.
2) Embedded systems are designed for single tasks unlike desktops which can perform many tasks.
3) Embedded systems are used in application areas like automotive, industrial, aerospace/defense, and consumer electronics.
This document provides an introduction to embedded systems through a training program. It defines embedded systems as the integration of software and hardware to perform a specific task. It then categorizes embedded systems as stand-alone, real-time, mobile, or networked. Examples are given for each category. The document outlines the basic components and skills needed for embedded systems, including software/hardware components and coding/analysis skills. It also provides instructions for creating a first project in Eclipse to blink an LED and introduces LCD interfacing with the ATmega16 microcontroller.
introduction to Embedded System & Design.
Embedded systems overview
What are they?
Design challenge – optimizing design metrics
Technologies
Processor technologies
IC technologies
Design technologies
Unit 1 Introduction to Embedded computing and ARM processorVenkat Ramanan C
INTRODUCTION TO EMBEDDED COMPUTING AND ARM PROCESSORS
Complex systems and microprocessors – Embedded system design process – Formalism for system design– Design example: Model train controller- ARM Processor Fundamentals- Instruction Set and Programming using ARM Processor.
The document provides an overview of microcontrollers and embedded systems. It defines an embedded system and describes their characteristics such as real-time operation, small size, low power usage, and operation in harsh environments. It discusses the hardware components of typical embedded systems including microcontrollers. It then focuses on the 8051 microcontroller, describing its architecture and pin layout.
This document provides an overview of embedded systems. It defines an embedded system as a computer system with dedicated functions within a larger mechanical or electrical system, often with real-time computing constraints. The document discusses the components of embedded systems, including microprocessors, memory, I/O ports, and interfaces. It also covers the history of embedded systems, differences from general-purpose computers, design process, applications, and disadvantages. The conclusion is that embedded systems contain programmed instructions running via processor chips to perform control, protection, and monitoring tasks.
The document summarizes topics related to an 8051 embedded system training seminar, including:
- An overview of embedded systems and their requirements for software like Keil uVision and hardware like the AT89C51 microcontroller.
- A description of the 8051 microcontroller's features like 4K ROM, 128 bytes RAM, and timers, as well as its pin diagram.
- Examples of embedded systems in daily life like digital clocks and traffic lights.
- Integrated circuits often used with microcontrollers like 78xx voltage regulators and L293D motor drivers.
- An example code and Proteus simulation of displaying "hello world" on an LCD.
This document discusses embedded systems and provides examples of embedded system applications. It can be summarized as:
Embedded systems are specialized computer systems designed to perform dedicated functions. They are found in devices ranging from smartphones and appliances to vehicles and industrial equipment. Embedded systems typically have specialized hardware optimized for the specific application and software stored in read-only memory. Microcontrollers, which integrate a processor, memory and input/output peripherals on a single chip, are commonly used as the central processing unit in embedded systems. Examples of embedded systems applications discussed include biomedical devices, industrial controls, and consumer electronics.
2. block diagram and components of embedded systemVikas Dongre
The document discusses the key hardware components of an embedded system, including:
- An embedded processor that has a control unit and execution unit to fetch and execute instructions.
- A power supply to power the system, which may be an external or internal source like a battery.
- A reset circuit that starts processor instruction execution from a default address on power up.
- A clock circuit that controls instruction execution time and machine cycles.
- An interrupt controller to handle interrupts from processes and multiple interrupts simultaneously.
- Timers to schedule tasks and provide a real-time clock function.
- Memory like ROM, RAM, and flash to store the program and data internally without a disk.
- I/
Embedded system hardware architecture iiGrace Abraham
This document discusses several topics related to embedded system hardware and software design including electrostatic discharge effects, fault tolerance techniques, hardware development tools, software development tools, thermal analysis and design considerations for battery-powered systems. It also covers processor performance metrics like instructions per second, operations per second, and benchmarks.
The document discusses key aspects of embedded system design. It describes embedded systems as single-functioned, tightly-constrained, and reactive in real-time. An example of a digital camera is provided. Key design challenges involve optimizing metrics like cost, size, performance and power. The document outlines three key embedded system technologies: processor technology including general-purpose, single-purpose and application-specific processors; integrated circuit technologies like full-custom ASICs, semi-custom ASICs and programmable logic devices; and design technologies.
EElectro8 Offering Huge List of IEEE projects in Chennai,Reach your Best Project center with Free Internship
http://embeddedprojectinchennai.in/
http://electro8.in/
It is a presentation for the Embedded System Basics. It will be very useful for the engineering students who need to know the basics of Embedded System.
This document provides a summary of a practical training seminar report on embedded systems conducted at CMC Academy in Jaipur. It discusses the company profile of CMC Academy, provides definitions and comparisons of microprocessors and microcontrollers. It also describes some common electronic components used in embedded systems like resistors, LEDs, transistors, integrated circuits. Programming concepts for 8051 microcontrollers like I/O ports, timers and interrupts are explained. The document concludes by noting the widespread use of embedded systems in appliances, vehicles, medical devices and more.
Embedded system design: a modern approach to the electronic design.Massimo Talia
Massimo Talia is an electronic engineer whose website is http://www.taliawebs.com. The document discusses different layers of embedded system design including application, middleware, operating system, firmware, system design, logic design, and PCB design layers. It also discusses embedded software design, firmware based design, system based design, logic based design, PCB based design, and verification and validation processes.
This document discusses embedded systems and compares microprocessors and microcontrollers. It defines an embedded system as a computer system designed to perform one or a few dedicated functions and are controlled by microprocessors and microcontrollers. The document notes that embedded systems are made to perform only a few tasks and cannot be used for other purposes after implementation. It lists characteristics of embedded systems like being single-functioned, tightly constrained by factors like cost and size, real-time, complex algorithms, and user interfaces. The document then explains that microprocessors contain only a CPU chip and require external additions like RAM and ROM to function, while microcontrollers integrate CPU, RAM, ROM and peripherals onto a single chip.
Embedded Systems (18EC62) – Embedded System Components (Module 3)Shrishail Bhat
Lecture Slides for Embedded Systems (18EC62) - Embedded System Components (Module 3) for VTU Students
Contents
Embedded Vs General computing system, Classification of Embedded systems, Major applications and purpose of ES. Elements of an Embedded System (Block diagram and explanation), Differences between RISC and CISC, Harvard and Princeton, Big and Little Endian formats, Memory (ROM and RAM types), Sensors, Actuators, Optocoupler, Communication Interfaces (I2C, SPI, IrDA, Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, Zigbee only)
This presentation provides an overview of embedded systems and describes a collision avoidance robot project. It discusses embedded systems concepts like microcontrollers and examples. It then describes the key components of the collision avoidance robot project including infrared sensors to detect obstacles, an 8051 microcontroller as the control unit, a DC motor as the actuator, and coding in assembly language to control the robot's movement and avoid collisions. The robot is able to move forward and backward, as well as turn, based on signals from its front and rear sensors to navigate around detected obstacles.
The document discusses different types of embedded system hardware components. It describes microcontrollers, their memory architectures, and four common types - 8051, Renesas, AVR, and PIC microcontrollers. It also discusses the differences between microcontrollers and embedded processors. Pull-up and pull-down resistors are explained as a way to prevent microcontroller GPIO pins from assuming undefined states, and their use in embedded designs. Examples of embedded systems include mobile phones, automotive electronics, RFID, wireless sensor networks, robotics, and biomedical applications.
The document discusses several topics related to embedded systems and operating systems. It defines an embedded system as a computer system dedicated to performing specific tasks and embedded into larger machinery. It provides examples of embedded systems like a washing machine or thermostat. It also discusses the characteristics of embedded systems like dedicated functions, real-time operations, and multi-rate operations. The document then discusses operating systems and defines their key functions like memory management, processor management, and device management. It also describes different types of operating systems such as batch, time-sharing, distributed, and real-time operating systems.
This document presents a mini project on designing an automated teller machine (ATM) controller. The objectives are to review literature on ATM controllers, design the architecture specifications, develop a Verilog model, and verify functionality through behavioral simulation and FPGA synthesis. Key components of the ATM controller include a card swiper, keypad, display, memory modules, and a state machine controlled transaction verification process. The controller will be modeled in Verilog and simulated using Modelsim, with the intended functionality verified through test cases.
Final Project Report on Image processing based intelligent traffic control sy...E2MATRIX
E2MATRIX Research Lab
Are you scratching your head to write your M Tech thesis?
Don’t know where to start and where to find the relevant matter on the topic?
We Provide Complete Thesis Help For M.Tech / Phd Studnets.
E2MATRIX deals with Thesis guidance and research work for M.Tech, PhD Students.
If you are looking for professional thesis guidance then of course you are at the right place. We have a best team of Technical Developers and professionals who specialize in developing and delivering best and authenticated work with an assurance of on time delivery.
Contact : +91 9041262727, 9779363902.
Email : support@e2matrix.com
Web : www.e2matrix.com
Unit 1 Introduction to Embedded computing and ARM processorVenkat Ramanan C
INTRODUCTION TO EMBEDDED COMPUTING AND ARM PROCESSORS
Complex systems and microprocessors – Embedded system design process – Formalism for system design– Design example: Model train controller- ARM Processor Fundamentals- Instruction Set and Programming using ARM Processor.
The document provides an overview of microcontrollers and embedded systems. It defines an embedded system and describes their characteristics such as real-time operation, small size, low power usage, and operation in harsh environments. It discusses the hardware components of typical embedded systems including microcontrollers. It then focuses on the 8051 microcontroller, describing its architecture and pin layout.
This document provides an overview of embedded systems. It defines an embedded system as a computer system with dedicated functions within a larger mechanical or electrical system, often with real-time computing constraints. The document discusses the components of embedded systems, including microprocessors, memory, I/O ports, and interfaces. It also covers the history of embedded systems, differences from general-purpose computers, design process, applications, and disadvantages. The conclusion is that embedded systems contain programmed instructions running via processor chips to perform control, protection, and monitoring tasks.
The document summarizes topics related to an 8051 embedded system training seminar, including:
- An overview of embedded systems and their requirements for software like Keil uVision and hardware like the AT89C51 microcontroller.
- A description of the 8051 microcontroller's features like 4K ROM, 128 bytes RAM, and timers, as well as its pin diagram.
- Examples of embedded systems in daily life like digital clocks and traffic lights.
- Integrated circuits often used with microcontrollers like 78xx voltage regulators and L293D motor drivers.
- An example code and Proteus simulation of displaying "hello world" on an LCD.
This document discusses embedded systems and provides examples of embedded system applications. It can be summarized as:
Embedded systems are specialized computer systems designed to perform dedicated functions. They are found in devices ranging from smartphones and appliances to vehicles and industrial equipment. Embedded systems typically have specialized hardware optimized for the specific application and software stored in read-only memory. Microcontrollers, which integrate a processor, memory and input/output peripherals on a single chip, are commonly used as the central processing unit in embedded systems. Examples of embedded systems applications discussed include biomedical devices, industrial controls, and consumer electronics.
2. block diagram and components of embedded systemVikas Dongre
The document discusses the key hardware components of an embedded system, including:
- An embedded processor that has a control unit and execution unit to fetch and execute instructions.
- A power supply to power the system, which may be an external or internal source like a battery.
- A reset circuit that starts processor instruction execution from a default address on power up.
- A clock circuit that controls instruction execution time and machine cycles.
- An interrupt controller to handle interrupts from processes and multiple interrupts simultaneously.
- Timers to schedule tasks and provide a real-time clock function.
- Memory like ROM, RAM, and flash to store the program and data internally without a disk.
- I/
Embedded system hardware architecture iiGrace Abraham
This document discusses several topics related to embedded system hardware and software design including electrostatic discharge effects, fault tolerance techniques, hardware development tools, software development tools, thermal analysis and design considerations for battery-powered systems. It also covers processor performance metrics like instructions per second, operations per second, and benchmarks.
The document discusses key aspects of embedded system design. It describes embedded systems as single-functioned, tightly-constrained, and reactive in real-time. An example of a digital camera is provided. Key design challenges involve optimizing metrics like cost, size, performance and power. The document outlines three key embedded system technologies: processor technology including general-purpose, single-purpose and application-specific processors; integrated circuit technologies like full-custom ASICs, semi-custom ASICs and programmable logic devices; and design technologies.
EElectro8 Offering Huge List of IEEE projects in Chennai,Reach your Best Project center with Free Internship
http://embeddedprojectinchennai.in/
http://electro8.in/
It is a presentation for the Embedded System Basics. It will be very useful for the engineering students who need to know the basics of Embedded System.
This document provides a summary of a practical training seminar report on embedded systems conducted at CMC Academy in Jaipur. It discusses the company profile of CMC Academy, provides definitions and comparisons of microprocessors and microcontrollers. It also describes some common electronic components used in embedded systems like resistors, LEDs, transistors, integrated circuits. Programming concepts for 8051 microcontrollers like I/O ports, timers and interrupts are explained. The document concludes by noting the widespread use of embedded systems in appliances, vehicles, medical devices and more.
Embedded system design: a modern approach to the electronic design.Massimo Talia
Massimo Talia is an electronic engineer whose website is http://www.taliawebs.com. The document discusses different layers of embedded system design including application, middleware, operating system, firmware, system design, logic design, and PCB design layers. It also discusses embedded software design, firmware based design, system based design, logic based design, PCB based design, and verification and validation processes.
This document discusses embedded systems and compares microprocessors and microcontrollers. It defines an embedded system as a computer system designed to perform one or a few dedicated functions and are controlled by microprocessors and microcontrollers. The document notes that embedded systems are made to perform only a few tasks and cannot be used for other purposes after implementation. It lists characteristics of embedded systems like being single-functioned, tightly constrained by factors like cost and size, real-time, complex algorithms, and user interfaces. The document then explains that microprocessors contain only a CPU chip and require external additions like RAM and ROM to function, while microcontrollers integrate CPU, RAM, ROM and peripherals onto a single chip.
Embedded Systems (18EC62) – Embedded System Components (Module 3)Shrishail Bhat
Lecture Slides for Embedded Systems (18EC62) - Embedded System Components (Module 3) for VTU Students
Contents
Embedded Vs General computing system, Classification of Embedded systems, Major applications and purpose of ES. Elements of an Embedded System (Block diagram and explanation), Differences between RISC and CISC, Harvard and Princeton, Big and Little Endian formats, Memory (ROM and RAM types), Sensors, Actuators, Optocoupler, Communication Interfaces (I2C, SPI, IrDA, Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, Zigbee only)
This presentation provides an overview of embedded systems and describes a collision avoidance robot project. It discusses embedded systems concepts like microcontrollers and examples. It then describes the key components of the collision avoidance robot project including infrared sensors to detect obstacles, an 8051 microcontroller as the control unit, a DC motor as the actuator, and coding in assembly language to control the robot's movement and avoid collisions. The robot is able to move forward and backward, as well as turn, based on signals from its front and rear sensors to navigate around detected obstacles.
The document discusses different types of embedded system hardware components. It describes microcontrollers, their memory architectures, and four common types - 8051, Renesas, AVR, and PIC microcontrollers. It also discusses the differences between microcontrollers and embedded processors. Pull-up and pull-down resistors are explained as a way to prevent microcontroller GPIO pins from assuming undefined states, and their use in embedded designs. Examples of embedded systems include mobile phones, automotive electronics, RFID, wireless sensor networks, robotics, and biomedical applications.
The document discusses several topics related to embedded systems and operating systems. It defines an embedded system as a computer system dedicated to performing specific tasks and embedded into larger machinery. It provides examples of embedded systems like a washing machine or thermostat. It also discusses the characteristics of embedded systems like dedicated functions, real-time operations, and multi-rate operations. The document then discusses operating systems and defines their key functions like memory management, processor management, and device management. It also describes different types of operating systems such as batch, time-sharing, distributed, and real-time operating systems.
This document presents a mini project on designing an automated teller machine (ATM) controller. The objectives are to review literature on ATM controllers, design the architecture specifications, develop a Verilog model, and verify functionality through behavioral simulation and FPGA synthesis. Key components of the ATM controller include a card swiper, keypad, display, memory modules, and a state machine controlled transaction verification process. The controller will be modeled in Verilog and simulated using Modelsim, with the intended functionality verified through test cases.
Final Project Report on Image processing based intelligent traffic control sy...E2MATRIX
E2MATRIX Research Lab
Are you scratching your head to write your M Tech thesis?
Don’t know where to start and where to find the relevant matter on the topic?
We Provide Complete Thesis Help For M.Tech / Phd Studnets.
E2MATRIX deals with Thesis guidance and research work for M.Tech, PhD Students.
If you are looking for professional thesis guidance then of course you are at the right place. We have a best team of Technical Developers and professionals who specialize in developing and delivering best and authenticated work with an assurance of on time delivery.
Contact : +91 9041262727, 9779363902.
Email : support@e2matrix.com
Web : www.e2matrix.com
This document discusses using Simulink for embedded coding of an automobile start-stop system. It describes using Simulink's graphical environment and state-flow blocks to model the system behavior, then generating C code. The start-stop system automatically shuts off the engine at stops to reduce idling time. Key aspects modeled include inputs, signal conditioning, a controller section, state transitions, and code generation to flash to an automotive controller. Relay drivers are also discussed to control the starter and fuel relays.
1. control of real time traffic with the help of image processingNitish Kotak
This document describes a real-time traffic control system using image processing. The system uses a camera to capture images of a four-road intersection. The images are processed to detect vehicles and calculate the area covered to determine traffic density. Based on density, different times are assigned to the traffic lights of each road. When the time for a road elapses, its light turns green while the camera moves to the next road. This allows lights to change adaptively based on real-time traffic conditions compared to traditional fixed timing systems. The approach aims to reduce congestion by allocating more time to busier roads.
water softener circuit detail and water monitoring system using Wireless Sensor Network (zigbee configuration) Arduino software coding and real time matlab plotting of arduino data.
Touch screen technology allows users to interact directly with what is displayed on the screen, such as through gestures or writing, rather than using indirect input devices such as a mouse. It emerged from research labs in the 1970s and the first touch sensor was developed in 1971. There are two main types: capacitive, which supports multi-touch and works through conductive materials on fingers, and resistive, which requires pressing more firmly but works with styli. Touch screens are now widely used in devices like phones, tablets, and ATMs due to their user-friendly interface, but they can be expensive and screens may get dirty. The market for touchscreen devices is large and growing rapidly.
The document provides an introduction to embedded systems. It defines embedded systems as systems that use a microprocessor or microcontroller to perform a dedicated function. Embedded systems are found in everyday devices like cell phones, washing machines, and traffic signals. The document discusses the characteristics of embedded systems and provides examples. It also compares embedded systems to general purpose computers and describes typical embedded system architectures.
Architecture & data acquisition by embedded systems in automobiles seminar re...Ankit Kaul
This document is a technical seminar report submitted by Ankit Kaul to the Visvesvaraya Technological University. The report discusses the architecture and data acquisition of embedded systems in automobiles. It provides an overview of the layered architecture of digital services enabled by embedded technology in vehicles. This includes modular architecture, layered architecture, and a layered modular architecture continuum. It also describes how remote diagnostic services work using embedded sensors in vehicles to collect data, which is transmitted through networks and analyzed by application programs.
Embedded system in_automobiles_seminar_report_1234Ganesh Bv
Embedded systems are computer systems that monitor, respond to, or control external environments. They are used in many applications including automobiles, medical devices, wearables, and driverless vehicles. Embedded systems are small, have minimal user interfaces, and are designed to perform specific tasks in real-time. They are found in technologies like anti-lock braking systems, pacemakers, adaptive cruise control, and smart home appliances. As embedded systems become more advanced, they will enable remote health monitoring and driverless transportation capabilities.
This document provides an overview of touch screen technology. It discusses the main components of a touch screen system including the touch sensor, controller, and software driver. It then summarizes different touch screen technologies such as resistive, capacitive, infrared, and surface acoustic wave and compares their advantages and disadvantages. The document also discusses uses of touch screens in information kiosks and provides specifications for different touch screen types.
This document describes a proposed project on multilevel inverter simulation and fault classification. It begins with an introduction on the importance of fault identification in electrical systems. A literature review is then presented covering previous work on fault detection techniques using methods like Concordia transforms and neural networks. The document outlines the proposed work, which includes simulating different types of multilevel inverters and extracting features to train a neural network for fault classification. Procedures for feature extraction, neural network training and testing are described. Future work is noted to expand the simulations and fault diagnosis to additional inverter configurations.
The document summarizes underwater wireless communication technology. It discusses how acoustic waves are used instead of radio waves to transmit information underwater over long distances. It describes some of the challenges of underwater acoustic channels including high propagation loss, severe multipath interference, and low sound speed. The document also provides an overview of acoustic modem technology, discussing modulation schemes like FSK and PSK, and the use of equalizers to address multipath interference. The goal of underwater wireless communication is to enable applications like environmental monitoring without the need for heavy cables.
The document discusses the working of touchscreen technology. It describes four main types of touchscreen technologies: resistive, capacitive, surface acoustic wave, and infrared. It provides details on resistive touchscreens, including four-wire, eight-wire, six-wire, and seven-wire variations. It also explains the basic components and working of a touchscreen, including the touch sensor, controller, and software driver.
This seminar report discusses air powered vehicles as a future trend in the automobile industry. It provides an overview of how compressed air can be used to power vehicles instead of gasoline or diesel. The report describes the working principle, which involves compressing air into high-pressure storage tanks and using the expansion of the compressed air to drive pistons in an engine, similar to how steam engines operate. It also outlines the key components of an air powered vehicle, such as the air tank, engine, valves and controls. Performance tests are discussed which show the potential of this technology.
The recent trend manufacturer’s shows keen interest in safety and pleasure riding. The seat belts and the airbags which are now a important attachment of the cars must be utilized fully for safer riding. The weakest and most harzdous part the glasses in cars are also now made to add safety with the advanced technology. If this condition persist the safety factor in cars will reach a pioneer position. With these kind of improved technology will pay way for usage of large number of passenger cars
HVDC transmission involves converting AC power to DC, transmitting it through DC lines, and converting it back to AC. It has technical advantages over AC like lower transmission losses and asynchronous operation. Economically, DC lines and cables are cheaper to build than AC, and losses during transmission are lower. HVDC is used in long distance bulk power transmission and for undersea power cables due to its advantages over high voltage AC for these applications. Major HVDC projects in India transmit power between different regions of the country.
This document describes the new compact CPUs that supplement the S7-300 small control system. It provides an overview of the different CPU models, their specifications and onboard I/O, counting, communication, and memory capabilities. The compact CPUs offer a low-cost control solution for automation applications with integral analog and digital I/O, counting, PWM, basic motion control, and MPI or PROFIBUS DP communications without additional hardware.
Project Report On Micro-controller Embedded SystemRkrishna Mishra
The document provides an overview of embedded systems and the 8051 microcontroller architecture. It discusses how embedded systems perform predefined tasks to control devices and can be optimized for size and cost. The 8051 is then introduced as a popular 8-bit microcontroller used in embedded systems. Its features include 4KB program memory, 128B data memory, 32 general purpose registers, timers, and I/O ports. Application areas of the 8051 like energy management, automobiles, and medical devices are outlined. Finally, the document describes the 8051 architecture in detail, including the pinout, programming model, and accumulator register.
The document discusses AC servo motors. It covers the principle, characteristics, types, applications and sizing of AC servo motors. Some key points include:
- AC servo motors use permanent magnets and feedback from encoders to provide high torque and precision control.
- Characteristics like speed, torque, frame size, and encoder options can be selected for the application.
- Standard and special motors are used in applications like machine tools, semiconductor equipment, medical devices and more.
- Success stories demonstrate how AC servo motors replaced hydraulic systems and improved textile machines, simulators and other special purpose machines.
- Motor sizing software is available to help customers select the optimized motor for their application.
This document describes a vehicle monitoring system that uses PIC microcontrollers and the Controller Area Network (CAN) protocol. The system monitors various vehicle parameters like temperature, carbon monoxide levels, battery voltage, and light levels. Two PIC microcontrollers are used - one on the engine side connected to sensors, and one on the dashboard side connected to a display. The PICs communicate over CAN to send sensor data from the engine to be displayed on the dashboard. The system was implemented using hardware circuits and software programmed with MPLab IDE.
IRJET- CAN based Data Acquisition and Data Logging System for Vehicular Commu...IRJET Journal
This document describes a CAN bus-based data acquisition and data logging system for vehicular communication. The system is built on an ARM-based 32-bit RISC platform and uses embedded software and CAN communication to acquire data from various sensors. The data is sampled at 500 Hz from 32 analog channels and transmitted over the CAN bus. The data can then be examined and sent to a cloud via WiFi for peer-to-peer or device-to-peer communication. The system provides reliable, customizable and cost-effective acquisition of sensor data for applications like engine monitoring and providing a safe driving environment.
Can based collision aviodance system for automobilesPurnima Kurella
This document describes a collision avoidance system for automobiles that uses a CAN bus network. The system includes two nodes, each with an ATmega16 microcontroller, MCP2515 CAN controller, MCP2551 transceiver, and LCD. Node 1 interfaces with a GP2D12 obstacle sensor, while Node 2 controls a DC motor. The system is intended to warn drivers of dangers ahead by stopping the motor in Node 2 if an object is detected by Node 1, communicating over the CAN network. The document discusses the components, software, operation, advantages of increased safety, and applications for collision avoidance systems.
Implementation of the can bus in the vehicle based on arm 7eSAT Journals
Abstract
A controller area network (CAN) is mostly used to the many high level industrial protocol , due to it reducing wiring harness , tremendous flexibility, high performance ,low cost .This paper represent the CAN used in the motor car , which show different parameter by using different sensors , the different types of sensors to measure the different parameter like temperature , humidity ,gas detection & fuel level based on ARM (LPC 2129). Microcontroller ARM (LPC 2129) has inbuilt CAN controller.
Keywords: CAN bus, ARM7 (LPC2129) , MCP2551 ,MQ6 LPG gas detector , SY-HS 220 humidity detector, LM 35 temperature sensor.
IRJET- Power Line Carrier CommunicationIRJET Journal
This document describes power line carrier communication (PLCC), which uses power lines as a communication medium. It discusses using PLCC to transmit electricity billing data from individual homes to the electricity company without site visits. Key components of the system include a real-time clock, energy meter, microcontroller, LCD display, and FSK transmitter and receiver. Data transmission is done by modulating a signal onto the power line using FSK modulation. The system is intended to reduce the burden on electricity companies by allowing remote transmission of billing data without the need for site visits.
Prepaid energy meter using GSM is used to record consumed units and send an alert to user via GSM. It is used to reduce power theft in commercial areas.
Controller Area Network (Basic Level Presentation)Vikas Kumar
The document discusses Controller Area Network (CAN) bus, which is a vehicle bus standard that allows microcontrollers and devices to communicate with each other within a vehicle without a host computer. Key points:
- CAN bus uses a serial communication protocol and multi-master message model to allow nodes to transmit and receive messages.
- It employs a bus topology where nodes are connected to a single cable with termination resistors at each end to eliminate signal reflections.
- CAN bus is used widely in automotive applications but also in other industries like shipping, manufacturing, etc. due to its robustness, error detection and flexibility.
The document describes the design and development of a vehicle monitoring system using a PIC microcontroller and CAN protocol. The system monitors various vehicle parameters like temperature, CO levels, battery voltage, and light detection through CAN communication between sensor nodes and a display node. It aims to provide real-time monitoring of these factors as an improvement over traditional peer-to-peer electronic control unit connections. Key hardware includes PIC microcontrollers, sensors, an LCD display, and CAN controller and transceiver chips. The system is programmed using embedded C and can potentially be applied to monitor vehicles.
IRJET- Multiple Load Controller for Industry using ARM CortexIRJET Journal
This document describes a multiple load controller system for industrial automation that uses an ARM cortex processor. The system allows for synchronized control and speed of multiple motors to ensure smooth automation processes. An ARM processor constantly supplies PWM signals to operate motors at desired speeds while maintaining synchronization between motors. The system was developed to address issues where synchronization errors in automation lines can damage manufacturing processes. It demonstrates synchronized movement of multiple motors and could enable fast and precise output from automation lines using large industrial motors.
This document describes a wireless fuel level sensor system using radio frequency. The system consists of a transmission section and receiver section connected by an RF module. The transmission section uses liquid level probes connected to a microcontroller to detect the fuel level and encode the data. The encoded data is transmitted via an RF transmitter. The receiver section receives the data via an RF receiver, decodes it using a decoder, and sends it to another microcontroller connected to an LCD to display the fuel level. The system provides automated and wireless fuel level detection with low power consumption.
Navigation of Robot Vehicle using RF with Landmine DetectionVeena Rani
This document describes the design of a navigation system for a robot that uses RF signals to control the robot and detect landmines. It includes a block diagram of the system that has transmitter and receiver sections. The receiver section on the robot contains components like a microcontroller, LCD display, motors, landmine detector, and other sensors. The transmitter section is used to control the robot remotely. The document provides details of the various hardware components used and how the system works to navigate the robot while detecting landmines using RF signals and sensors.
Our research paper is aimed for developing an industrial oriented Embedded Serial Data for protocol conversion. At present, many industrial establishments face the problem of protocol compatibility with the external monitoring devices. This problem has been solved by this paper. We have successfully deployed it for monitoring parameters of AC drive by GSM module.
Here, PIC18F4550 Microcontroller works as Master and AC Drive works as slave. RTU Master Command message transmits from the PIC microcontroller and from AC Drive RTU Slave response message will come as current Frequency. The data which receives from Drive will display on LCD display and the same data will send to user by GSM Module.
Controller Area Network (CAN) Different TypesFebinShaji9
Controller Area Network (or CAN) is the latest communication system within the automotive world. At its simplest level, it can be thought of as a means of linking all the electronic systems within a vehicle together to allow them to communicate with each other
As many of the industries use induction motors. So, controlling of induction motor plays a very vital role. So,
our project concentrates on controlling the speed of induction motor using Android phone remotely by the help of the
Bluetooth technology. We use Android application which uses Bluetooth to connect to the Bluetooth modem of
control circuit which is connected to the motor. Bluetooth modem is interfaced with microcontroller. The Bluetooth
slave modem receives the command from the mobile phone. The Bluetooth modem sends the signal to the
Microcontroller. The Microcontroller decodes the signal and sends to the relays. Then, respective relay operates to
change the speed of Induction motor from 0% to 100%.
We are not only controlling the speed of the Induction motor, using feedback network we can also detect the
over temperature, high voltage, low voltage, MCB tripping on account of any faults. And we are also adding an extra
application which is very important in industries. That is, monitoring of phase lines. Because these types of
uncertainties like over temperature, high voltage, low voltage etc are likely to happen in Industries. So, this project
will be very helpful in industries, house hold, shopping malls etc.
IRJET- Patient Health Monitoring System using Can ProtocolIRJET Journal
This document describes a patient health monitoring system that uses CAN protocol to measure the heart rate and body temperature of one or more patients in real-time. The system includes sensors to detect heart rate and temperature, microcontrollers, and CAN transceivers to transmit the sensor data via CAN bus to a display. This allows doctors to monitor multiple patients' vital signs from a single display. The system aims to reduce monitoring time and increase flexibility compared to only being able to measure one patient at a time.
Wireless energy meter monitoring with automated tariff calculationUdayalakshmi JK
Electricity billing has become a difficult task. The board has to make regular visit to the consumers house to make the reading. Also it can cause manual error. Now here we are monitoring the energy meter with modern techniques. The total energy consumed by the consumer and the consumption cost is known to the consumer and to the board by means of a hand held device.
IRJET- Monitoring and Protection of Distribution Transformer using GSM ModuleIRJET Journal
This document presents a monitoring and protection system for distribution transformers using GSM technology. The system continuously monitors transformer parameters like load current, voltage, oil level, and ambient temperature using sensors. If any abnormalities are detected, an alert message with the parameter values and location is sent to the monitoring center via GSM and GPS modules integrated with a microcontroller. This real-time monitoring system can help identify problems early to prevent failures and save costs compared to manual monitoring. The system design includes components like a power supply, microcontroller, LCD display, fault indicator, MAX232 for RS232 conversion, relay, and GSM modem to send SMS alerts.
Mobile robotic platform to gathering real time sensory data in wireless perso...Alexander Decker
This document describes a mobile robotic platform that uses wireless communication to gather real-time sensory data. The robots use Zigbee transceivers to transmit data like temperature and gas content to a control room over a wireless personal area network. A graphical user interface in MATLAB is used to monitor and control the robots. The system allows for low-cost wireless monitoring in applications like home security, mining, and hazardous environment monitoring where robots can gather data that may be dangerous for humans. Hardware and software components of the transmitting robot nodes and receiving coordinator node are discussed, including microcontrollers, sensors, wireless modules and the MATLAB GUI interface.
IRJET - Monitoring and Protection of Distribution Transformer using GSM ModuleIRJET Journal
This document presents a monitoring and protection system for distribution transformers using GSM and GPS technology. The system continuously monitors transformer parameters like load current, voltage, oil level, and ambient temperature using sensors. If any abnormalities are detected, an alert message with the parameter values and location is sent to the monitoring center via GSM and GPS modules. This allows problems to be identified early to prevent failures and save costs compared to manual monitoring. The system includes components like a power supply, microcontroller, LCD display, fault indicator, MAX232, relay, and GSM modem to monitor and send alerts on transformer faults.
Infrastructure Challenges in Scaling RAG with Custom AI modelsZilliz
Building Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems with open-source and custom AI models is a complex task. This talk explores the challenges in productionizing RAG systems, including retrieval performance, response synthesis, and evaluation. We’ll discuss how to leverage open-source models like text embeddings, language models, and custom fine-tuned models to enhance RAG performance. Additionally, we’ll cover how BentoML can help orchestrate and scale these AI components efficiently, ensuring seamless deployment and management of RAG systems in the cloud.
Maruthi Prithivirajan, Head of ASEAN & IN Solution Architecture, Neo4j
Get an inside look at the latest Neo4j innovations that enable relationship-driven intelligence at scale. Learn more about the newest cloud integrations and product enhancements that make Neo4j an essential choice for developers building apps with interconnected data and generative AI.
Unlock the Future of Search with MongoDB Atlas_ Vector Search Unleashed.pdfMalak Abu Hammad
Discover how MongoDB Atlas and vector search technology can revolutionize your application's search capabilities. This comprehensive presentation covers:
* What is Vector Search?
* Importance and benefits of vector search
* Practical use cases across various industries
* Step-by-step implementation guide
* Live demos with code snippets
* Enhancing LLM capabilities with vector search
* Best practices and optimization strategies
Perfect for developers, AI enthusiasts, and tech leaders. Learn how to leverage MongoDB Atlas to deliver highly relevant, context-aware search results, transforming your data retrieval process. Stay ahead in tech innovation and maximize the potential of your applications.
#MongoDB #VectorSearch #AI #SemanticSearch #TechInnovation #DataScience #LLM #MachineLearning #SearchTechnology
How to Get CNIC Information System with Paksim Ga.pptxdanishmna97
Pakdata Cf is a groundbreaking system designed to streamline and facilitate access to CNIC information. This innovative platform leverages advanced technology to provide users with efficient and secure access to their CNIC details.
Programming Foundation Models with DSPy - Meetup SlidesZilliz
Prompting language models is hard, while programming language models is easy. In this talk, I will discuss the state-of-the-art framework DSPy for programming foundation models with its powerful optimizers and runtime constraint system.
GraphRAG for Life Science to increase LLM accuracyTomaz Bratanic
GraphRAG for life science domain, where you retriever information from biomedical knowledge graphs using LLMs to increase the accuracy and performance of generated answers
For the full video of this presentation, please visit: https://www.edge-ai-vision.com/2024/06/building-and-scaling-ai-applications-with-the-nx-ai-manager-a-presentation-from-network-optix/
Robin van Emden, Senior Director of Data Science at Network Optix, presents the “Building and Scaling AI Applications with the Nx AI Manager,” tutorial at the May 2024 Embedded Vision Summit.
In this presentation, van Emden covers the basics of scaling edge AI solutions using the Nx tool kit. He emphasizes the process of developing AI models and deploying them globally. He also showcases the conversion of AI models and the creation of effective edge AI pipelines, with a focus on pre-processing, model conversion, selecting the appropriate inference engine for the target hardware and post-processing.
van Emden shows how Nx can simplify the developer’s life and facilitate a rapid transition from concept to production-ready applications.He provides valuable insights into developing scalable and efficient edge AI solutions, with a strong focus on practical implementation.
In the rapidly evolving landscape of technologies, XML continues to play a vital role in structuring, storing, and transporting data across diverse systems. The recent advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) present new methodologies for enhancing XML development workflows, introducing efficiency, automation, and intelligent capabilities. This presentation will outline the scope and perspective of utilizing AI in XML development. The potential benefits and the possible pitfalls will be highlighted, providing a balanced view of the subject.
We will explore the capabilities of AI in understanding XML markup languages and autonomously creating structured XML content. Additionally, we will examine the capacity of AI to enrich plain text with appropriate XML markup. Practical examples and methodological guidelines will be provided to elucidate how AI can be effectively prompted to interpret and generate accurate XML markup.
Further emphasis will be placed on the role of AI in developing XSLT, or schemas such as XSD and Schematron. We will address the techniques and strategies adopted to create prompts for generating code, explaining code, or refactoring the code, and the results achieved.
The discussion will extend to how AI can be used to transform XML content. In particular, the focus will be on the use of AI XPath extension functions in XSLT, Schematron, Schematron Quick Fixes, or for XML content refactoring.
The presentation aims to deliver a comprehensive overview of AI usage in XML development, providing attendees with the necessary knowledge to make informed decisions. Whether you’re at the early stages of adopting AI or considering integrating it in advanced XML development, this presentation will cover all levels of expertise.
By highlighting the potential advantages and challenges of integrating AI with XML development tools and languages, the presentation seeks to inspire thoughtful conversation around the future of XML development. We’ll not only delve into the technical aspects of AI-powered XML development but also discuss practical implications and possible future directions.
HCL Notes und Domino Lizenzkostenreduzierung in der Welt von DLAUpanagenda
Webinar Recording: https://www.panagenda.com/webinars/hcl-notes-und-domino-lizenzkostenreduzierung-in-der-welt-von-dlau/
DLAU und die Lizenzen nach dem CCB- und CCX-Modell sind für viele in der HCL-Community seit letztem Jahr ein heißes Thema. Als Notes- oder Domino-Kunde haben Sie vielleicht mit unerwartet hohen Benutzerzahlen und Lizenzgebühren zu kämpfen. Sie fragen sich vielleicht, wie diese neue Art der Lizenzierung funktioniert und welchen Nutzen sie Ihnen bringt. Vor allem wollen Sie sicherlich Ihr Budget einhalten und Kosten sparen, wo immer möglich. Das verstehen wir und wir möchten Ihnen dabei helfen!
Wir erklären Ihnen, wie Sie häufige Konfigurationsprobleme lösen können, die dazu führen können, dass mehr Benutzer gezählt werden als nötig, und wie Sie überflüssige oder ungenutzte Konten identifizieren und entfernen können, um Geld zu sparen. Es gibt auch einige Ansätze, die zu unnötigen Ausgaben führen können, z. B. wenn ein Personendokument anstelle eines Mail-Ins für geteilte Mailboxen verwendet wird. Wir zeigen Ihnen solche Fälle und deren Lösungen. Und natürlich erklären wir Ihnen das neue Lizenzmodell.
Nehmen Sie an diesem Webinar teil, bei dem HCL-Ambassador Marc Thomas und Gastredner Franz Walder Ihnen diese neue Welt näherbringen. Es vermittelt Ihnen die Tools und das Know-how, um den Überblick zu bewahren. Sie werden in der Lage sein, Ihre Kosten durch eine optimierte Domino-Konfiguration zu reduzieren und auch in Zukunft gering zu halten.
Diese Themen werden behandelt
- Reduzierung der Lizenzkosten durch Auffinden und Beheben von Fehlkonfigurationen und überflüssigen Konten
- Wie funktionieren CCB- und CCX-Lizenzen wirklich?
- Verstehen des DLAU-Tools und wie man es am besten nutzt
- Tipps für häufige Problembereiche, wie z. B. Team-Postfächer, Funktions-/Testbenutzer usw.
- Praxisbeispiele und Best Practices zum sofortigen Umsetzen
Dr. Sean Tan, Head of Data Science, Changi Airport Group
Discover how Changi Airport Group (CAG) leverages graph technologies and generative AI to revolutionize their search capabilities. This session delves into the unique search needs of CAG’s diverse passengers and customers, showcasing how graph data structures enhance the accuracy and relevance of AI-generated search results, mitigating the risk of “hallucinations” and improving the overall customer journey.
Cosa hanno in comune un mattoncino Lego e la backdoor XZ?Speck&Tech
ABSTRACT: A prima vista, un mattoncino Lego e la backdoor XZ potrebbero avere in comune il fatto di essere entrambi blocchi di costruzione, o dipendenze di progetti creativi e software. La realtà è che un mattoncino Lego e il caso della backdoor XZ hanno molto di più di tutto ciò in comune.
Partecipate alla presentazione per immergervi in una storia di interoperabilità, standard e formati aperti, per poi discutere del ruolo importante che i contributori hanno in una comunità open source sostenibile.
BIO: Sostenitrice del software libero e dei formati standard e aperti. È stata un membro attivo dei progetti Fedora e openSUSE e ha co-fondato l'Associazione LibreItalia dove è stata coinvolta in diversi eventi, migrazioni e formazione relativi a LibreOffice. In precedenza ha lavorato a migrazioni e corsi di formazione su LibreOffice per diverse amministrazioni pubbliche e privati. Da gennaio 2020 lavora in SUSE come Software Release Engineer per Uyuni e SUSE Manager e quando non segue la sua passione per i computer e per Geeko coltiva la sua curiosità per l'astronomia (da cui deriva il suo nickname deneb_alpha).
GraphSummit Singapore | The Art of the Possible with Graph - Q2 2024Neo4j
Neha Bajwa, Vice President of Product Marketing, Neo4j
Join us as we explore breakthrough innovations enabled by interconnected data and AI. Discover firsthand how organizations use relationships in data to uncover contextual insights and solve our most pressing challenges – from optimizing supply chains, detecting fraud, and improving customer experiences to accelerating drug discoveries.
GraphSummit Singapore | The Art of the Possible with Graph - Q2 2024
Embedded system Basic
1. Project Report on
Design and Development of PIC microcontroller
Based vehicle monitoring system using
Controller Area Network(CAN) protocol,
By
Md. Abdullah Ahamad
Regd.No-12K31D5506
Embedded system(2012-014)
2. INTRODUCTION:-
. Controller Area Network (CAN) is an attractive alternative in the automotive
and automation industries due to its ease in use, low cost and provided reduction
in wiring complexity. It was developed by Robert Bosch for communication
between various digital devices inside an automobile where heavy electrical
interferences and mechanical vibrations are present. This project is aimed at the
implementation of CAN protocol using PIC for vehicle monitoring system. The
main feature of the system includes monitoring of various vehicle parameters
such as Temperature, presence of CO level in the exhaust, Battery Voltage and
Light due to spark or fire.
3. Aims & objectives:-
The main objective of the project is to provide
the latest technology for the vehicle monitoring
system.The system uses the sensors to sense
the various parameters like temprature,CO,and
battery voltage with LDR.These parameter are
then given to the Microcontroller which transfers
the parameters to the receiver section by using
the Control Area Network (CAN) protocol. In the
receiver section the parameters are received by
CAN receiver and are then given to the
microcontroller which displays on the LCD. The
LCD located near the driver seat. By
implementing this system we are implementing
the CAN protocol which is fast and accurate
when compared to any other system.
4. Existing system:-
The traditional forms of peer-to-peer connect
between electronic control units and electronic
devices cannot meet the need of real time
control control of distributed system in
automobile. Meanwhile,
The continuing increase of electronice devices
results in geometric growth of lead number
and wiring becomes hard in limited space in
automobile, restricts the expention internal
control of functions.
5. Advantages & Disadvantages
Advantages of Proposed
system:-
Disadvantage of Existing
system:-
The system uses the letest
technology Which is CAN
protocol which is
implemented with the
microcontroller.
Proposed system uses
fewer wires than any other
traditional system can use
and the system is more
accurate and fast in
response.
The existing uses the peer-
to-peer connection which
takes more wires to transfer
the information from the
electronics devices to the
display unit which is their
main disadvantage.
This system is slow and
less accurate if more the
number of electronic
devices are added and the
more time is consumed.
6. 2. Project Description:-
Introduction to Embedded system:-An
embedded sysytem can be defined as a computing device
that does a specific focused job. Appliances such as the air-
conditioner, VCD player, printer, fax machine, mobile phone
etc. are examples of embedded systems. Each of these
appliances will have a processor and special hardware to
meet the specific requirement of the application along with the
embedded software that is executed by the processor for
meeting that specific requirement. The embedded software is
also called “firm ware”.
Embeded system have to work against some deadlines. A
specific job has to be completed within a specific time.if the
missing a deadline may cause a catastrophe-loss of life or
damage to property. Mostly embedded system operate
through a battery, and the power comsumption has to be very
low.
7. Hardware & software requirement:-
Hardware Requirements:
Power Supply
PIC16F877A Microcontroller
9V Battery
Temperature Sensor
GAS Sensor
LDR
CAN Controller and Transceiver
16x2 LCD
MAX232
Software Requirements:
Embedded C
CCS Compiler
.net
8. Application Areas of Emb,
system:-Approx 99 percent processors manufactured end up in
embedded system.Now a day the embedded system market is
one of the highest growth areas as these system are used in
very market segment like consumer electronics, office
automation, industrial automation, biomedical engineer,
wireless communication, data communication,
transportation,military and so on,,,,,,,
10. Control Area network(CAN):-
Controller Area Network (CAN) was initially created by
German automotive system supplier Robert Bosch in the
mid-1980s for automotive applications as a method for
enabling robust serial communication. The goal was to
make automobiles more reliable, safe and fuel-efficient
while decreasing wiring harness weight and complexity.
Since its inception, the CAN protocol has gained
widespread popularity in industrial automation and
automotive truck applications. Other markets where
networked solutions can bring attractive benefits like
medical equipment, test equipment and mobile machines
are also starting to utilize the benefits of CAN. The goal of
this application note is to explain some of the basics of
CAN and show the benefits of choosing CAN for embedded
systems networked applications.
11. Features of CAN:-
Supports 1 Mb/s operation
Implements ISO-11898 standard physical layer requirements
Suitable for 12V and 24V systems
Externally-controlled slope for reduced RFI emissions
Detection of ground fault (permanent dominant) on TXD input
Power-on reset and voltage brown-out protection
An unpowered node or brown-out event will not disturb the CAN bus
Low current standby operation
Protection against damage due to short-circuit conditions (positive or
negative battery voltage)
Protection against high-voltage transients
Automatic thermal shutdown protection
Up to 112 nodes can be connected
High noise immunity due to differential bus Implementation
12. Block diagram of CAN:-
Pin Descriptions
The 8-pin pinout is listed in Table below:
Pin
Number
Pin Name Pin Function
1 TXD Transmit Data Input
2 VSS Ground
3 VDD Supply Voltage
4 RXD Receive Data Output
5 VREF Reference Output Voltage
6 CANL CAN Low-level Voltage I/O
7 CANH CAN High-level Voltage I/O
8 RS Slope-Control Input
13. The CAN protocol was optimized for systems that need to transmit and receive relatively
small amounts of information (as compared to Ethernet or USB, which are designed to
move much larger blocks of data) reliably to any or all other nodes on the network.
Transmitter Function
The CAN bus has two states: Dominant and Recessive. A dominant state occurs when the
differential voltage between CANH and CANL is greater than a defined voltage
(e.g.,1.2V). A recessive state occurs when the differential voltage is less than a defined
voltage (typically 0V). The dominant and recessive states correspond to the low and high
state of the TXD input pin, respectively. However, a dominant state initiated by another
CAN node will override a recessive state on the CAN bus.
Receiver Function
The RXD output pin reflects the differential bus voltage between CANH and CANL. The
low and high states of the RXD output pin correspond to the dominant and recessive
states of the CAN bus, respectively.
18. Adventages of CAN:-
High throughput under light loads
Local and global prioritization possible
Arbitration is part of the message - low overhead.
19. PIC microcontroller:-
PIC 16F877 is one of the most advanced microcontroller
from Microchip. This controller is widely used for
experimental and modern applications because of its low
price, wide range of applications, high quality, and ease of
availability. It is ideal for applications such as machine
control applications, measurement devices, study purpose,
and so on. The PIC 16F877 features all the components
which modern microcontrollers normally have. The figure
of a PIC16F877 chip is shown below
21. INPUT/OUTPUT PORT:-
PIC16F877 has 5 basic input/output ports. They are
usually denoted by PORT A (R A), PORT B (RB), PORT C
(RC), PORT D (RD), and PORT E (RE). These ports are
used for input/ output interfacing. In this controller,
“PORT A” is only 6 bits wide (RA-0 to RA-7), ”PORT B” ,
“PORT C”,”PORT D” are only 8 bits wide (RB-0 to RB-
7,RC-0 to RC-7,RD-0 to RD-7), ”PORT E” has only 3 bit
wide (RE-0 to RE-7).
PORT-A RA-0 to RA-5….6 bit wide
PORT-B RB-0 to RB-7….8 bit wide
PORT-C RC-0 to RC-7…,8 bit wide
PORT-D RD-0 to RD-7..8 bit wide
PORT-E RE-0 to RE-2..3 bit wid
Table: Ports of PIC Microcontroller
22. Adventages:-
Small instruction set to learn
Inexpensive microcontrollers
It is a RISC (Reduced Instruction Set Computer)
design
Only thirty seven instructions to remember
Its code is extremely efficient, allowing the PIC to
run with typically less program memory than its
larger competitors.
It is low cost, high clock speed
24. LDR symbol & Application:-
Light Dependent Resistor Symbol Used In Circuit Diagrams
Application
The photo-resistor or light dependent resistor is attractive in many electronic circuit
designs because of its low cost, simple structure and rugged features. While it may not
have some of the features of the photo-diode and photo-transistor, it is ideal for many
applications. As a result the photo-resistor is widely used in circuits such as photographic
meters, flame or smoke detectors, burglar alarms, card readers, controls for street lighting
and many others.
25. Gas sensor:-
A gas detector is a device which detects the presence of
various gases within an area, usually as part of a safety
system. This type of equipment is used to detect a gas leak
and interface with a control system so a process can be
automatically shut down. A gas detector can also sound an
alarm to operators in the area where the leak is occurring,
giving them the opportunity to leave the area. This type of
device is important because there are many gases that can
be harmful to organic life, such as humans or animals.
26. Features & Application:-
FEATURES :-
High sensitivity to LPG, natural gas, town gas.
Small sensitivity to alcohol, smoke.
Fast response.
Stable and long life.
Simple drive circuit.
APPLICATION :-
They are used in gas leakage detecting equipments family
and industry, These are,
suitable for detecting of LPG, natural gas, town gas, avoid
the noise of alcohol and cooking fumes and cigarette
smoke.
27. Software specification:-
MATLAB
GENERAL:-
The term digital image refers to processing of a
two dimensional picture by a digital computer. In a
broader context, it implies digital processing of any
two dimensional data. A digital image is an array of
real or complex numbers represented by a finite
number of bits. An image given in the form of a
transparency, slide, photograph or an X-ray is first
digitized and stored as a matrix of binary digits in
computer memory. This digitized image can then be
processed and/or displayed on a high-resolution
television monitor. For display, the image is stored in
a rapid-access buffer memory, which refreshes the
monitor at a rate of 25 frames per second to produce
a visually continuous display.
29. MP LAB:-
Introduction :-
MPLAB® X IDE is a software program that runs on a PC (Windows®,
Mac OS®, Linux®) to develop applications for Microchip
microcontrollers and digital signal controllers. It is called an
Integrated Development Environment (IDE), because it provides a
single integrated “environment” to develop code for embedded
microcontrollers.
MPLAB® X Integrated Development Environment brings many
changes to the PIC® microcontroller development tool chain. Unlike
previous versions of MPLAB® which were developed completely in-
house, MPLAB® X is based on the open source NetBeans IDE from
Oracle. Taking this path has allowed us to add many frequently
requested features very quickly and easily while also providing us
with a much more extensible architecture to bring you even more
new features in the future.
32. Working principle:-
This is mainly implemented for monitoring parameter of vehicle
using the help of Control Area Network (CAN) protocol. The
monitoring parameters are temperature, battery voltage, light
due to due to spark or fire and CO level n exhaust engine. For
monitoring the above parameters, LM 35 sensor, gas sensor,
12V battery, LDR, are used. For implementing this, the
programming of LED, ADC and LCD interfacing with PIC
microcontroller is done using Embedded C. Then the
simulation results are obtained using PROTEUS professional
schematic software. The programming of PIC microcontroller
interfacing using CAN Protocol is verified using a general
purpose board. Hardware schematic is drawn using orCAD.
Implemented hardware and software is ported to it.
33. Future scope:-
1. This project is implemented for a two
node. But according to users
requirement this can be extended to 4-
nodes, 8-nodes, 16-nodes etc for vehicle
monitoring applications.
2.. Response time analysis can be done.
Since response time analysis for CAN
aims to provide a method of calculating
the worst-case response time of each
message.
3. Cost analysis can be done.