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Controller Area Network (CAN) Protocol || Automotive Electronics || Hariharan K
The document provides a comprehensive overview of Controller Area Network (CAN), including its introduction, evolution, characteristics, applications, and associated advantages and disadvantages. Developed by Bosch, CAN is an effective communication protocol for in-vehicle networking that interconnects various electronic control units in modern automobiles. It covers technical specifications such as data formats, speeds, error control mechanisms, and its significance in automotive technology.
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Overview of Controller Area Network (CAN), presentation outline including key topics like evolution, characteristics, and application areas.
Challenges with conventional methods in automobile technology that led to the need for CAN, including poor error control and excessive connectors.
Introduction to CAN as a protocol to address increasing system complexity in vehicles; definition of In-Vehicle Networking.
Timeline of CAN development from 1983 to 2012 highlighting key milestones including standard releases and implementations.
Key characteristics of CAN such as asynchronous communication, message prioritization, and its role in On-Board Diagnostics.
Technical configuration details of CAN including termination resistances and systematic wiring.
Different types of CAN including CAN FD and variations based on message identifiers.
Data rates of different CAN versions highlighting how speed affects distance and error susceptibility.
Overview of CAN data format and signaling structure, parameters involved in data transmission.
In-depth analysis of the CAN data format, including functionality and types of each data element.
Benefits of using CAN bus, such as data rate capacity, system topology advantages, and cost-effectiveness.
Drawbacks of CAN bus implementation including high costs for software development and distance limitations.
Various fields utilizing CAN technology including automotive, aviation, industrial automation, and medical equipment.
Mention of additional CAN standards and a list of references used to compile the presentation content.
Closing remarks encouraging understanding that simplicity in usage often correlates with complexity in design.
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Controller Area Network (CAN) Protocol || Automotive Electronics || Hariharan K
- 1. EVERYTHING YOU NEEDTO KNOW ABOUT CONTROLLER AREA NETWORK (CAN) Prepared & Presented by: HARIHARAN K UCC18ECED08, M. Tech Scholar Dept. of Electronics Design Technology, NIELIT – Calicut. web.hariharan@gmail.com 09EC7563 - SEMINAR M.TECH PROGRAM Semester - 3 NIELIT, CALICUT 16.07.2019 Tuesday
- 2. OUTLINE Introduction toCAN Evolution Characteristics Wired Configuration Categories & Speeds CAN Data Format CAN Controllers Pros & Cons Application Areas References 09EC7563 - SEMINAR | HARIHARAN K16-07-2019 #1
- 3. 09EC7563 - SEMINAR| HARIHARAN K 16-07-2019 #2
- 4. So as theuser-features…. 09EC7563 - SEMINAR | HARIHARAN K16-07-2019 Automobile Technology evolves… #3
- 5. 09EC7563 - SEMINAR| HARIHARAN K16-07-2019 EXISTED METHOD - PROBLEMS Snags in Existed Design before CAN: - Conventional, Not Application Specific - Needs more number of TX, RX connectors - Poor Error control and ACK Mechanisms #4
- 6. 09EC7563 - SEMINAR| HARIHARAN K16-07-2019 CAN - INTRODUCTION - Increasing Automobile Features = Increases System Complexity & reduced throughput rate. - Need: A new specific protocol to connect & communicate all the automotive embedded systems. - Controller Area Network (CAN Bus) developed by Bosch and it’s a kind of effective wiring topology. - Allows Microcontrollers and other devices talk to each other without a Host Computer #5
- 7. 09EC7563 - SEMINAR| HARIHARAN K16-07-2019 IN-VEHICLE NETWORKING (IVN) “A Specialized Internal Communication Network that interconnects components inside a Vehicle” CAN is one of the IVN Standard #6
- 8. EVOLUTION OF CAN 1983 1986 1987 1991 Developmentof CAN Bus Started by Bosch Officially released in SAE* Conference At Michigan First CAN-based multiplex wiring system Car Mercedes Benz W140 First CAN Controller by Intel and Philips *SAE - Society of Automotive Engineers, *OBD - On-Board Diagnostics 1993 ISO released CAN Standard ISO 11898 with versions 1, 2 and 3 2012 CAN Flexible Data Rate/ CAN-FD 1.0 by Bosch 1996 OBD* uses CAN as one of it’s Five Protocols CAN 2.0 with Part-A and Part-B 1991 09EC7563 - SEMINAR | HARIHARAN K16-07-2019 #7
- 9. 09EC7563 - SEMINAR| HARIHARAN K16-07-2019 - Asynchronous Half-Duplex Serial Communication Protocol - Broadcast type of Bus and Twisted pair wires with better EMC - Differential Signalling with 120Ω Termination Impedance - Message based Protocol with Message Identifiers - Uses the Physical and Data Link Layer in the OSI Model - One of the Five Protocols used in On-Board Diagnostics (OBD) CAN - CHARACTERSTICS #8
- 10. 09EC7563 - SEMINAR| HARIHARAN K16-07-2019 CAN - CONFIGURATION 120Ω Termination Resistance 120Ω Termination Resistance CAN DEVICE ‘A’ CAN DEVICE ‘B’ CAN DEVICE ‘C’ CAN LOW CAN HIGH #9
- 11. A ‘CAN’ SYSTEM 09EC7563- SEMINAR | HARIHARAN K 16-07-2019 #10
- 12. 09EC7563 - SEMINAR| HARIHARAN K16-07-2019 CAN BUS - TYPES CAN FD or CAN Flexible Data Rate with high data payload Arbitration Logic is decided on the basis of Message Identifier Value! #11 CAN 2.0A with 11 bit Message Identifier /Standard CAN CAN 2.0B with 29 bit Message Identifier /Extended CAN
- 13. 09EC7563 - SEMINAR| HARIHARAN K16-07-2019 CAN - SPEEDS TYPE DATA RATE DISTANCE CAN 2.0A - Low Speed CAN 125 Kbps ~ 500m CAN 2.0A - High Speed CAN 1 Mbps ~ 40m CAN-FD 15 Mbps ~ 10m Ideal CAN Rates: CAN Bus Data Rate is inversely proportional to the Distance between the devices REASON: At Higher Data Rates, Signals are more prone to errors #12
- 14. 09EC7563 - SEMINAR| HARIHARAN K16-07-2019 CAN - SIGNALLING #13
- 15. CAN DATA FORMAT 09EC7563- SEMINAR | HARIHARAN K16-07-2019 #14
- 16. CAN DATA FORMAT- Contd., NAME OF THE ELEMENT BIT VALUE FUNCTIONALITY TYPE (Dominant/Recessive) Start of Frame 1 Bit Begins the frame and initiates arbitration Dominant ‘0’ Arbitration Field 11 or 29 Bits Identifies messages and indicates message priority Ex: Failure of AC and Engine Varies from Message to Message Request Transfer Request (RTR) 1 Bit To distinguish a Remote Frame from a Data Frame Dominant ‘0’ for Data Frame & Recessive ‘1’ for Remote Frame ID Extension Bit and Reserved bit 1 Bit each Reserved for future use - 09EC7563 - SEMINAR | HARIHARAN K16-07-2019 #15
- 17. CAN DATA FORMAT- Contd., NAME OF THE ELEMENT BIT VALUE FUNCTIONALITY TYPE (Dominant/Recessive) Control Field 0 to 8 Bytes for CAN 2.0A Specifies the length of the data to be transmitted Varies from Message to Message Data Field or Payload Upto 64 Bytes for CAN FD Data to be Transmitted Varies from Message to Message Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) Field 15 Bits Error Detection and Correction - Acknowledge (ACK) Bit Field 1 Bit ACK = 1, Next set of data ACK = Retransmission of Data - End of Frame (EOF) 7 Bits Makes the end of data and remote frames All Recessive ‘1’s 09EC7563 - SEMINAR | HARIHARAN K 16-07-2019 #16
- 18. CAN CONTROLLERS 09EC7563 -SEMINAR | HARIHARAN K16-07-2019 #17
- 19. ADVANTAGES OF CANBUS - Data Rate: 1 Mbps in CAN and up to 2+ Mbps in CAN-FD and - Topology: Reduced Wiring, Distributed & Less Complex Interfacing - Scope: Wide scope in All Industries and cost-effective too! - Data Field width: CAN supports 8 bytes and CAN-FD supports 64 bytes - Error Control: Bit Error, Ack Error, CRC Error control mechanisms etc., 09EC7563 - SEMINAR | HARIHARAN K16-07-2019 #18
- 20. DISADVANTAGES OF CANBUS - Expenditure: High for Software Dev. and maintenance. - Likely to have undesirable interactions between nodes - Signal TX Distance Limitation too! 09EC7563 - SEMINAR | HARIHARAN K16-07-2019 #19
- 21. • Passenger vehicles,trucks, buses (gasoline & electric vehicles) • Aviation & Navigation Electronic Equipment • Industrial automation and machinery • Building automation • Medical instruments and equipment APPLICATION AREAS 09EC7563 - SEMINAR | HARIHARAN K16-07-2019 #20
- 22. APPLICATION AREAS -Automobile 50+ electronic control units (ECU) are present in Modern day automobiles Ex: Transmission, Airbags, ABS, Cruise Control, Electric power steering, Audio systems, Power windows, Doors, Mirror adjustment etc., Imagine the role of CAN in Parking Assistants, Auto Start/Stop etc., 09EC7563 - SEMINAR | HARIHARAN K16-07-2019 #21 *RKE - Remote Keyless Entry System, *TPMS - Tire Pressure Monitoring Systems
- 23. 09EC7563 - SEMINAR| HARIHARAN K16-07-2019 OTHER CAN STANDARDS #22
- 24. 09EC7563 - SEMINAR| HARIHARAN K16-07-2019 REFERENCES 1. Bosch Automotive Electrics and Automotive Electronics: Systems and Components, Networking and Hybrid Drive https://b-ok.cc/book/2172624/376722 2. Automobile Design and Implementation of CAN bus Protocol- A Review https://www.ijrdo.org/index.php/eee/article/view/1528 3. Design and implementation of CAN bus protocol for monitoring vehicle parameters https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/7807831 4. The Decoding Technical Research of CAN Bus Data Frame Based on Physical Wave https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8729083 All Logos and Images used in this presentation belongs to their respective owners. #23
- 25. 09EC7563 - SEMINAR| HARIHARAN K16-07-2019 Simple to Use is Complex to Design Intuitive Universal Fact for Engineers, stating that any product/service which is easy to use would be more difficult to design! For your valuable time and patience! - Hariharan K #24
Editor's Notes
- #6 Tell about the real example of ABS being a Hard Real Time System
- #7 Tell about the real example of ABS being a Hard Real Time System
- #8 Tell about the real example of ABS being a Hard Real Time System
- #23 One key advantage is that interconnection between different vehicle systems can allow a wide range of safety, economy and convenience features to be implemented using software alone - functionality which would add cost and complexity if such features were "hard wired" using traditional automotive electrics.