This document provides information about computing for engineering students. It discusses booting a computer, the BIOS system, computer casing components, formatting and partitioning hard disks, and checking disks for errors. The motherboard and its components are described in detail. Common peripheral ports are also outlined. Finally, there is an introduction to different versions of the Windows 7 operating system.

1. Computing for Engineering
Prepared by: Eng. Shireen Mansour
Petroleum Department
Chemical Department
Civil Department
Faculty of Engineering
12/28/2014 1

2. Contents:
1. Booting.
2. BIOS System
3. Computer Casing
4. Introduction
5. Formatting Hard-Disk
6. Check Disk
7. Partitioning Hard-Disk
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3. Booting (power-on startup)
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Loading the system files of the operation system from the disk
into the computer memory.
Types of Booting:
1. Cold Booting: turn ‘’ ON’’ the computer by pressing on
the power switch ’ ’ON’’ in front of the Case.
2. Warm Booting: if the computer is already ‘ON’ and we
restart it.

4. BIOS
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BIOS ( Basic Input Output System): It is type of Firmware that
stored in a ROM Chip (or BIOS Chip) on the motherboard contains
instructions and setup for how your system should boot (power-on
startup) and how it operates like; POST (Power-On Self Test ) and
loading operating system etc.
Firmware: It is a permanent
software programmed into
the ROM.

5. Computer Casing
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It is a box (or enclosure) that contains the most of the computer
components and connecting them with the peripherals devices.
What does it contain?
1. Power Supply
2. Hard Disk Drive
3. Diskette Drive
4. CD/ DVD– ROM Drive
5. Motherboard

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Switch Mode Power Supply: Supplying and regulating the power
that needed to all computer components to perform the required
process for the system to operate properly.
The Models of Power Supply (according to the
Motherboard Form Factor):
1. AT (Advanced Technology).
2. ATX (Advanced Technology eXtended).
1. Power Supply (or SMPS)
Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS): It is a device that stores the
electricity and automatically supports the computer component by
power when the electricity failures in order to not damage the
computer component and loss the data
UPS

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1. Power Supply (or SMPS)
A Power Supply has three types of connectors used to power the
various devices inside the Computer Casing:
1. Molex Connector: for (HDD and CD/ DVD- ROM).
2. Berg Connector: for FDD (Floppy Disk Drive).
3. System Connector: for the motherboard power supply.
The back of Power Supply contains of:
1. Exhaust Fan Port.
2. Monitor Power Connector.
3. Computer Power Connector.

8. Internal HDD
Power
Cables
SATA Cable
IDE Cable
Data Cables
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2. Hard Disk Drive
Internal Hard Disk Drive (HDD): is housed inside the Casing and is
connected directly to the motherboard across Data Cable IDE
(Integrated Drive Electronics) or SATA (Serial Advanced Technology
Attachment) cable. And it is connected to the power supply a cross the
Power Supply Cable (Molex).

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3. Diskette Drive
Diskette Drive: is housed inside the Casing and is connected directly
to the motherboard across Data Cable and to the power supply a cross
the Power Supply Cable (Berg Connector).
Power CableData Cable
FDD

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4. CD/DVD- ROM
 CD/DVD- ROM: It is a device that is used to read CDs/ DVDs, If
capable of writing to the DVD, then it is often referred to as a
CD/DVD- Burner or CD/DVD- RW.
 Connected directly to the motherboard across data cable and to the
power supply a cross the power supply cable (Molex).
DVD- RW

11. 5. Motherboard
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Motherboard: It is a printed circuit board (PCB) in form of physical
arrangement that holds the computer `s basic circuitry and
components. It is placed inside the computer Casing .

12. 5. Motherboard (Cont.)
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 The motherboard design (Form Factor) in desktop
computer are: AT, ATX etc.
The modern Motherboard include:
1. CPU Socket: used for installing the microprocessors .
2. DIMM Slots: Dual In-line Memory Module used for
installing the main memory (RAM).
3. ROM Chip(Flash Chip): used for installing ROM
ROM CPU Socket

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The modern Motherboard include:
4. AGP slot : Accelerated Graphic Port an advanced port designed for
Video cards and 3D accelerators.
5. PCI slots: Peripheral Component Interconnect, connecting
other devices such as modems, sound and graphic cards. Used to
add/improve functionality to the computer
6. CPU Fan Connector: used for installing the microprocessors` Fan
to keep the CPU cool and dissipates excess heat.
5. Motherboard (Cont.)
Fan Connector PCI Slots

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The modern Motherboard include:
7. ATX Power Connector : Connecting the power supply with the
motherboard.
8. ATX Data Connector: (IDE or SATA): Connecting (Hard disk drive,
Diskette drive, CD/ DVD- ROM) to exchange and transfer the data in
between.
5. Motherboard (Cont.)
SATA Connector Power Connector

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The modern Motherboard include:
9. CMOS battery : Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor
is powered ROM chip inside computers that stores information.
so that nothing is lost after the PC is turned off.
10. Chipsets (North Bridge and South Bridge)
North Bridge: Linked: RAM, CPU, and AGP
South Bridge: Linked: BIOS, I/O, PCI, EIDE, USB North Bridge
South BridgeCMOS
5. Motherboard (Cont.)

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11. The little parts: Capacitors –
store energy, Resistors – allows a
current through, Transistors – a
valve which allows currents to be
turned on or off.
12. The Peripheral devices ports:
is connected the peripheral devices
to the motherboard .
5. Motherboard (Cont.)

17. 12. Peripheral devices ports.
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18. 12. Peripheral devices ports.
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1. PS/2 (Personal System); It is connected the mouse and keyboard
to the motherboard inside.
PS/2 MousePS/2 Keyboard
2. Serial COM ports (COM1, COM2); connecting mice, modem etc.

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3. USB2 (Universal Serial Bus): connecting
the Pen Drive, mouse, external hard disk
etc.
4. IEEE 1394 (Fire Wire) ; using to connect
the scanner, printer etc.
12. Peripheral devices ports.
IEEE 1394 Card
USB ports

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5. Parallel port ( LPT1 ); Line Printer Terminal,
connecting the printer.
6. RJ- 45 Ethernet; using to connect the
computer to the internet and network.
7. RJ14 Modem: using to connect the computer
to the internet via phone line, very slow.
12. Peripheral devices ports.
Parallel port

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8. Microphone, Headphone, and Speakers ports.
9. Game port (or Joystick port).
12. Peripheral devices ports.

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10. VGA port; Video Graphic Array connecting the monitor.
12. Peripheral devices ports.
Serial Port
 All these ports replaced
by USBs ports.

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Today windows 7 is the most used Operating system .It has a lot of
difference version :
Introduction
1. Windows 7 Starter
2. Windows 7 Home Basic
3. Windows 7 Home Premium
4. Windows 7 Professional
5. Windows 7 Enterprise
6. Windows 7 Ultimate

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What does Format mean?
Formatting Hard-Disk

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Disk Format:
Preparing the chosen partition on the drive (hard disk, flash drive,
etc.) to be used by an operating system by deleting all of the data and
setting up a file system.
Page Format: can also used to describe the page layout or style text
in a word processing document like; changing the size, underline,
bold of the font for text and changing the page size, page margin for
the page, etc.
File Format: Data saving way within a file in order to prevent using it
in another application
What does Format mean?
Formatting Hard-Disk

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1. Select the partition that
you need to format it.
2. Right click on it and choose
Format...
Formatting Hard-Disk
How to Quick Format the Partitions or
Flash disk:

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Formatting Hard-Disk
How to Quick Format the Partitions
or Flash disk:
3. Pick ‘Quick Format’, Then press
‘Start’. Wait till it be finished, after
that you can use the formatting drive
for storing.

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Check Disk
Some times your computer work slowly, can not open the files
properly, etc. All these problems can happened because the hard
disk have some errors on it. Windows 7 has a tool that can use it
to Check and test the drives then fix the errors on it
automatically.

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Check Disk
How to Check the Partitions or Flash disk :
1. Select the Start
button.

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Check Disk
How to Check the Partitions or Flash disk :
2. Right Click on Start
button. Then Choose ‘’
Open Windows
Explorer ’’.

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Check Disk
How to Check the Partitions or Flash disk :
3. Choose ‘’Computer ‘’.

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Check Disk
How to Check the Partitions or Flash disk :
4. Select the partition
that you want to check
it.

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Check Disk
How to Check the Partitions or Flash disk :
5. Right click on it and
choose Properties.

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Check Disk
How to Check the Partitions or Flash disk :
6. Choose ‘’ tool ’’.

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Check Disk
How to Check the Partitions or Flash disk :
7. Press ‘’ Check Now ‘’.

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Check Disk
How to Check the Partitions or Flash disk :
8. Pick ‘’ Automatically
fix file system errors ’’.
9. Then press ‘’ Start ’’ to
start test.

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Check Disk
How to Check the Partitions or Flash disk :
 Till this part the Check
the flash disk or any
partition(except the
partition that has
installed the operating
system on it) is finished
and the results will
display.

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Check Disk
How to Check the Partitions or Flash disk :
10. If the drive you want to
check is currently in use, a
system drive, you'll see a
dialog box with a warning
message. In this case, click ‘’
Schedule disk check ‘’.

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Check Disk
How to Check the Partitions or Flash disk :
11. Close all the opened programs and
then restart the computer.
12. Examination will automatically
start before the start of the next
Windows operating and the
results will display upon
completion.

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Partition Disk
How to partition the disk :
1. Select ‘’ Computer ‘’ and
pressing the right click on
button and choose Manage
to enter the Computer
Management

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Partition Disk
How to partition the disk :
2. Press ‘’ Disk Management’’.

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Partition Disk
How to partition the disk :
3. Choose the partition that you
want to change the size of it,
Then press Right click on it
and choose Shrink Volume…

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Partition Disk
How to partition the disk :
4. Then change the size of the partition as that you want to be,
after that press Shrink.

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Partition Disk
How to partition the disk :
5. After that the new
partition will appear in black
undefined ‘’ Unallocated ‘’.

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Partition Disk
How to partition the disk :
6. After that you can continue to
create partition by clicking
right click then choose the
command "new simple volume“.

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Partition Disk
How to partition the disk :
6. The Wizard
window will appear,
just press ‘’ Next’’.

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Partition Disk
How to partition the disk :
7. Choose the size that
you want for the new
partition between the
Minimum and Maximum
value. Then press ‘’ Next ‘’.

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Partition Disk
How to partition the disk :
8. Assign the drive
letter as you want for
the new partition then
press ‘’ Next ‘’.

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Partition Disk
How to partition the disk :
9. Pick formatting this
volume and you can
change the File System
type ‘’ NTFS or FAT’’.
Then press ‘’ Next’’.

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Partition Disk
How to partition the disk :
10. Be sure about the
information that
displayed in this
window, Then press ‘’
Next’’. Or you can press
‘’ Back ‘’ to go back and
change the information.