The document discusses complications that can occur during the third stage of labour, which include postpartum haemorrhage, retention of placenta, uterine inversion, obstetric shock, and pulmonary embolism. Postpartum haemorrhage is defined as bleeding over 500cc after delivery and can be caused by uterine atony, trauma, retained tissues, or coagulation disorders. Retention of placenta may occur if the placenta is not fully separated or adhered to the uterus. Uterine inversion involves the uterus turning inside out, and can be caused by fundal pressure or a relaxed uterus. Obstetric shock is low blood pressure caused by blood loss, trauma, air embol
complcations of third stage of labour, includes PPH, Inversion of uterus, retained placenta, placenta accreta, increta, percreta, amniotic fluid embolism
This topic contains detail information about all abnormalities during puerperium like puerperial pyrexia, sepsis, subinvolution, breast complications, urinary complications, puerperal venous thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, obstetric palsies, puerperal emergencies, psychiatric disroders, perinatal management
complcations of third stage of labour, includes PPH, Inversion of uterus, retained placenta, placenta accreta, increta, percreta, amniotic fluid embolism
This topic contains detail information about all abnormalities during puerperium like puerperial pyrexia, sepsis, subinvolution, breast complications, urinary complications, puerperal venous thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, obstetric palsies, puerperal emergencies, psychiatric disroders, perinatal management
When fetal head is delivered, but shoulders are stuck and cannot be delivered it is known as shoulder dystocia.
The anterior shoulder becomes trapped behind on the symphysis pubis, whilst the posterior shoulder may be in the hollow of the sacrum or high above the sacral promontory.
Puerperium is the period following childbirth during which the body tissues, specially the pelvic organs revert back approximately to the pre-pregnant state both anatomically and physiologically. puerperium begins as soon as the placenta is expelled and lasts for approximately 6 weeks when the uterus becomes regressed almost to the non-pregnant size.
Cord prolapse is a frightening and life-threatening event that occurs in labor. Rapid identification and immediate appropriate response may well save the life of a neonate. Therefore, clinicians should be knowledgeable in its recognition and management.
When fetal head is delivered, but shoulders are stuck and cannot be delivered it is known as shoulder dystocia.
The anterior shoulder becomes trapped behind on the symphysis pubis, whilst the posterior shoulder may be in the hollow of the sacrum or high above the sacral promontory.
Puerperium is the period following childbirth during which the body tissues, specially the pelvic organs revert back approximately to the pre-pregnant state both anatomically and physiologically. puerperium begins as soon as the placenta is expelled and lasts for approximately 6 weeks when the uterus becomes regressed almost to the non-pregnant size.
Cord prolapse is a frightening and life-threatening event that occurs in labor. Rapid identification and immediate appropriate response may well save the life of a neonate. Therefore, clinicians should be knowledgeable in its recognition and management.
Series of events that takes place in the genital organ in an effort to expel the viable products of conception out of the womb through the vagina into the outer world is called labour.
there are four stages of labour.
Emergencies that occur in pregnancy or during or after labor and delivery.
main emergencies are
Ectopic Pregnancy
Uterine Inversion
Obstetrical Shock
Cord Prolepses
Amniotic Fluid Embolism
Postpartum Hemorrhage
Third stage complications of labour- post partum hemorrhage in obstetrics and...sreya paul
management of postpartum hemorrhage in obstetrics and gynecology,bleeding can lead to death of mother after delivery. it is a very serious problem that need immediate interventions
Uterine prolapse occurs when weakened or damaged muscles and connective tissues such as ligaments allow the uterus to drop into the vagina. Common causes include pregnancy, childbirth, hormonal changes after menopause, obesity, severe coughing and straining on the toilet.
PREVIEW OF EMT/EMR OBSTETRICS POWERPOINT TRAINING PRESENTATIONBruce Vincent
Reviews the anatomical and physiological changes that occur during pregnancy,
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Similar to Complications of 3 rd stage of labour (20)
These simplified slides by Dr. Sidra Arshad present an overview of the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract.
Learning objectives:
1. Enlist the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract
2. Briefly explain how these functions are carried out
3. Discuss the significance of dead space
4. Differentiate between minute ventilation and alveolar ventilation
5. Describe the cough and sneeze reflexes
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 39, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 34, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
3. Chapter 17, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
4. Non-respiratory functions of the lungs https://academic.oup.com/bjaed/article/13/3/98/278874
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Ethanol (CH3CH2OH), or beverage alcohol, is a two-carbon alcohol
that is rapidly distributed in the body and brain. Ethanol alters many
neurochemical systems and has rewarding and addictive properties. It
is the oldest recreational drug and likely contributes to more morbidity,
mortality, and public health costs than all illicit drugs combined. The
5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
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disorder called alcohol use disorder (AUD), with mild, moderate,
and severe subclassifications (American Psychiatric Association, 2013).
In the DSM-5, all types of substance abuse and dependence have been
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The four main behavioral effects of AUD are impaired control over
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Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists like Ozempic and Semiglutide
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These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar leads (limb II)
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Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
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Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex System Analysis, S...Oleg Kshivets
RESULTS: Overall life span (LS) was 2252.1±1742.5 days and cumulative 5-year survival (5YS) reached 73.2%, 10 years – 64.8%, 20 years – 42.5%. 513 LCP lived more than 5 years (LS=3124.6±1525.6 days), 148 LCP – more than 10 years (LS=5054.4±1504.1 days).199 LCP died because of LC (LS=562.7±374.5 days). 5YS of LCP after bi/lobectomies was significantly superior in comparison with LCP after pneumonectomies (78.1% vs.63.7%, P=0.00001 by log-rank test). AT significantly improved 5YS (66.3% vs. 34.8%) (P=0.00000 by log-rank test) only for LCP with N1-2. Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: phase transition (PT) early-invasive LC in terms of synergetics, PT N0—N12, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells- CC and blood cells subpopulations), G1-3, histology, glucose, AT, blood cell circuit, prothrombin index, heparin tolerance, recalcification time (P=0.000-0.038). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and PT early-invasive LC (rank=1), PT N0—N12 (rank=2), thrombocytes/CC (3), erythrocytes/CC (4), eosinophils/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), segmented neutrophils/CC (8), stick neutrophils/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10); leucocytes/CC (11). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (area under ROC curve=1.0; error=0.0).
CONCLUSIONS: 5YS of LCP after radical procedures significantly depended on: 1) PT early-invasive cancer; 2) PT N0--N12; 3) cell ratio factors; 4) blood cell circuit; 5) biochemical factors; 6) hemostasis system; 7) AT; 8) LC characteristics; 9) LC cell dynamics; 10) surgery type: lobectomy/pneumonectomy; 11) anthropometric data. Optimal diagnosis and treatment strategies for LC are: 1) screening and early detection of LC; 2) availability of experienced thoracic surgeons because of complexity of radical procedures; 3) aggressive en block surgery and adequate lymph node dissection for completeness; 4) precise prediction; 5) adjuvant chemoimmunoradiotherapy for LCP with unfavorable prognosis.
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||Scope: Overview of various classes of anti-ulcer drugs, their mechanisms of action, indications, side effects, and clinical considerations.
Explore natural remedies for syphilis treatment in Singapore. Discover alternative therapies, herbal remedies, and lifestyle changes that may complement conventional treatments. Learn about holistic approaches to managing syphilis symptoms and supporting overall health.
4. Bleeding from genital tract more than
500cc after the delivery of fetus
Types
Primary-Haemorrhage occurs within
24hrs following the birth of the baby
-Third Stage Bleeding
-True Postpartum Haemorrhage
Secondary-Haemorrhage occurs
beyond 24hrs and within puerperium
7. Management
-Third Stage Bleeding
Massage the uterus
Inj Methergin 0.2 mg IV
Oxytocin drip with crystalloid solution
Bladder catheterization
Antibiotics
Express placenta by Controlled cord
traction or by Manual removal under
general anaesthesia
8. -True Postpartum Haemorrhage
Same as third stage bleeding plus
Inj Misoprostol 1mg per rectum
Bimanual compression of
uterus
Tight uterine packing
Balloon tamponade
Ligation of uterine artery
Hysterectomy
10. Management
IV Fluids
Blood transfusion
Antibiotics
Removal of retained parts
11. Complications of PPH
Shock
Maternal death
Acute renal failure
Sheehan’s syndrome
Puerperal sepsis
12. RETENTION OF
PLACENTA
Causes
1.
2.
Retained seperated placenta
Atony of uterus
Contraction ring
Premature attempts to deliver
placenta before it is seperated
Retained non-seperated
placenta
Simple adherance- Due to
uterine atony
Morbid adherance- Placenta
15. The body of uterus is partially or
completely turned inside out.
Types
First degree- Dimpling of fundus which
still remains above the level of internal
os
Second degree- Fundus passes
through cervix but lies inside the
vagina
Third degree(Complete)- Endometrium
is visible outside the vulva
16. Causes
1.
Iatrogenic
Pulling the cord when the uterus is
atonic
specially when combined
with fundal pressure
2. Spontaneous
Sharp rise of intra abdominal pressure
when the uterus is lax
17. Management
Replacement of uterus
-Manual replacement
-Hydrostatic replacement
-Surgical replacement
Antibiotics to control sepsis
21. Management
Ensure patent airway & give 100% Oxygen
Control active bleeding
IV Fluids- Crystalloids, Colloids, Blood
IV Sodium bicarbonate (For acidosis)
Antibiotics (For sepsis)
Others- Steroids, Morphine, Ranitidine
Monitor
BP, ECG, Pulse oximetry, Urine output,
Serum electrolytes, CVP, ABG
22. PULMONARY
EMBOLISM
Emboli can be thrombus, amniotic fluid or
air
Clinical features
Sudden chest discomfort
Air hunger
Hypotension
Haemorrhage (due to DIC)
Collapse
Management
Similar to shock