Chromosomal aberrations disrupt the normal chromosomal content of cells and are a major cause of genetic conditions in humans. Some examples described are Cri du chat syndrome which is caused by a deletion on chromosome 5 and is characterized by a cat-like cry in infants. Down syndrome is caused by an extra copy of chromosome 21 and includes developmental delays. Edward's syndrome involves an extra chromosome 18 and causes serious health issues. Several other syndromes are described that involve deletions or additions of sex chromosomes and can cause developmental delays, physical abnormalities and fertility issues.

1. CHROMOSOMAL
ABERRATIONS

2. disruptions in the
normal chromosomal
content of a cell and
are a major cause of
genetic conditions in
humans

3. Cri du chat

4. Deletion of part of the short arm of
chromosome 5. "Cri du chat" means
"cry of the cat" in French; the
condition was so-named because
affected babies make high-pitched
cries that sound like those of a cat.
Affected individuals have wide-set
eyes, a small head and jaw,
moderate to severe mental health
issues, and are very short.

6. DOWN SYNDROME

8. Extra copy of chromosome
21 (trisomy 21).
Characteristics include
decreased muscle tone,
stockier build, asymmetrical
skull, slanting eyes and mild
to moderate developmental
disability

10. Edward’s syndrome

11. extra presence of trisomy-18, the
second-most-common trisomy.
Symptoms include motor
retardation, developmental
disability and numerous
congenital anomalies causing
serious health problems. They
have characteristic clenched hands
and overlapping fingers.

13. Jacobsen syndrome

14. terminal 11q deletion
disorder. Those affected
have normal intelligence
or mild developmental
disability, with poor
expressive language skills.

15. Klinefelter’s syndrome

16. usually sterile, and tend to
be taller and have longer
arms and legs than their
peers. Boys with the
syndrome are often shy and
quiet, and have a higher
incidence of speech
delay and dyslexia.

17. Patau syndrome

20. Triple x syndrome

21. XXX girls tend to be tall
and thin and have a
higher incidence of
dyslexia

23. XYY SYNDROME

26. Females with Turner
syndrome often have a short
stature, low hairline,
abnormal eye features and
bone development and a
"caved-in" appearance to
the chest