This document discusses advances in genetics, including genetic engineering, gene therapy, genetically engineered plants, and selective breeding. Genetic engineering involves changing DNA arrangements to alter genes. Gene therapy places a normal gene into a virus to replace defective genes in target cells. More than 2,000 people have participated in gene therapy experiments. Genetically engineered plants are created by inserting genes from one plant into another, allowing traits to transfer between different plant types. Selective breeding has been used for thousands of years to encourage desired traits, while genetic engineering allows direct introduction of traits between different organisms.

1. Chapter 5: Heredity
Section 3: Advances in
Genetics
Minersville Area School District
Mr. Motuk
Room 124

2. A. Genetic Engineering: changing the
arrangement of DNA that makes up a gene.
1. Recombinant DNA
a. Insertion of a useful segment of DNA
into a bacterium.
b. Example:
1. Insulin is made for humans by genetically
engineered organism.

4. 2. Gene Therapy
a. A normal allele is placed into a virus,
which delivers the normal allele when it
infects its target cell.
b. The normal allele replaces the defective
allele.
c. More than 2,000 people have already
taken part in gene therapy experiments.
d. May be used to control cystic fibrosis or
other genetic disorders in the future.

5. Gene Therapy

6. B. Genetically Engineered Plants
1. Created by inserting the genes that
produce desired traits in one plant into a
different plant.
a. Could take a trait from one type of
plant and place it into a completely
different type of plant!!!

7. C. Selective Breeding
1. Selective Breeding has been done for thousands of
years.
a. People did not have knowledge of genotype or
phenotype, they just would keep breeding the
plants/animals that had the traits they wanted
with each other.
2. Selective breeding is a natural reproductive process.
a. Genetic Engineering is different because they are
taking traits from one organism and introducing them
to a new type of organism.