Gregor Johann Mendel (1822-1884) was an Augustinian monk and scientist who conducted breeding experiments with pea plants between 1856-1863. He cultivated and tested over 28,000 pea plants, finding that their offspring retained traits from their parents. Mendel's experiments led him to propose the laws of inheritance and hypothesize that traits are transmitted by "particles" (now known as genes). Although his work was largely ignored during his lifetime, it formed the foundation of modern genetics when it was rediscovered in 1900.

1. Presented by – VARSHA JAIN

4. Gregor Johann Mendel (1822-
1884)
He
proposed
law of
inheritance

5. Mendelian Genetics:
Gregor Johann Mendel (1822-1884)
 Augustinian monk, Czech Republic.
 Foundation of modern genetics.
 Studied of the garden pea (Pisum
sativum) beginning in 1854.
 Published his theory of inheritance in
1865 - “Experiments in Plant
Hybridization”
 Mendel was “rediscovered” in 1902.

6. Gregor Johann Mendel
Between 1856 and
1863, Mendel
cultivated and tested
some 28,000 pea
plants
He found that the
plants' offspring
retained traits of the
parents
Called the “Father
of Genetics"
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7. Mendel’s Hypotheses
 Mendel analyzed that something had to
be transmitted across the generations
of an organism that allowed observable
characteristics to carry on to next
generation.
 He developed a simple theory to explain
the transmission of hereditary trait.

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Mendel stated that
physical traits are
inherited as “particles”
Mendel did not know
that the “particles”
were actually
Chromosomes & DNA
Particulate Inheritance

9. Mendel’s Pea Plant
Experiments
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10. MENDEL
EXPERIMENT
 Mendel was the first biologist to use
Mathematics – to explain his results
quantitatively.
 Mendel predicted
The concept of genes
that occur in pairs and
one gene of each pair is
present in the gametes

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16. Punnet square
 first used by reginald c. punnet.
 A chart that allow us to determine
that different genotype that offspring can
inherit from their parent.

19. Mendel’s Hybridization
Experiments
2010 Pearson Education, Inc.

20. Main Reason Behind Mendel
Success
 Any one trait at a time.
 Specific aim.
 Maintain records in crosses
 Use statistical and mathematical
principle

22. Law of dominance-
 In a cross of parents that are pure
contrasting traits, only one form
of the trait will appear in the next
generation.
 All the offspring will be
heterozygous and express only
the dominant trait.

23. .

26. Law of segregation-
The two members of a gene pair (allele)
segregate (separate) from each other in
the formation of gamete , half the
gamete carry one allele, and the other
half carry the other allele.

31. Law of independent
assortment-
“When the two pair of traits are
combined in hybrid, segregation
of one pair of character is
independent of the other pair of
characters.”

34. Rediscovery of Mendel’s Work
Three botanists, Hugo de Vries, Erich von
Tschermak, and Carl Correns, independently
rediscovered Mendel and his work in other
plant species in 1900.