Ch04 States of Consciousness
•
0 likes•112 views
This document discusses different states of consciousness including consciousness and biological rhythms, sleep and dreams, and psychoactive drugs. It describes how biological clocks like the circadian rhythm and melatonin regulate sleep-wake cycles. There are different stages of sleep including REM sleep where most dreams occur. Reasons for sleep include recovery, memory consolidation, and energy conservation. Psychoactive drugs like stimulants, hallucinogens, depressants, and opiates can alter consciousness by interacting with neurotransmitters in the brain. Addiction develops when drug use continues despite negative consequences.
Report
Share
Report
Share
Download to read offline
Recommended
Ch05 Sensation & Perception
The document discusses the visual system and visual perception as well as other sensory systems. It describes how vision works through the eye's ability to accommodate focus, the role of the retina's rods and cones in detecting light and color, and how visual information is transmitted through the optic nerve. It also explains several principles of visual perception like constancy and Gestalt laws of grouping. The document further examines audition, gustation, olfaction, touch, and pain as well as the structures and processes involved in these other sensory systems.
Ch06 Learning
This document provides an overview of classical and operant conditioning. It defines classical conditioning as involving the pairing of stimuli to form associations between them. Operant conditioning involves reinforcement and punishment to modify behaviors. Key concepts for both include acquisition, extinction, generalization, and discrimination. Schedules of reinforcement like fixed and variable ratio and interval are also explained. Observational learning involves learning through observing others and can occur through modeling or vicarious learning.
Ch11 Personality
The document discusses theories of personality including psychodynamic theory, defense mechanisms, Freud's psychosexual stages of development, social-cognitive perspective, person-centered approach, and five-factor theory. It also covers personality assessment through projective tests like the Rorschach inkblot test and Thematic Apperception Test as well as self-report inventories. Finally, it addresses factors in personality development including genetics, environment, temperament and the influence of family, friends and culture. Personality is described as being 40-60% genetic and both stable and changing based on life experiences and situations.
Ch03 Biopsychology
The document discusses the role of biology in psychology. It summarizes that the nervous system is made up of neurons that communicate electrically and chemically. There are two main types of neurons - sensory neurons that receive information and motor neurons that activate muscles or glands. The brain is the control center of the nervous system and is made up of the hindbrain, midbrain and forebrain. The four lobes of the cerebral cortex each specialize in different functions like vision, hearing, movement, and higher reasoning.
Ch09 Lifespan Development
1) Development across the lifespan involves biological, cognitive, and social changes from conception through old age.
2) Prenatal development proceeds through germinal, embryonic, and fetal stages, with the placenta providing nutrients and filtering substances and certain drugs/illnesses posing risks.
3) Jean Piaget's theory of cognitive development outlined four stages from sensorimotor to formal operations, with knowledge acquired through schemas and accommodation/assimilation.
Classification of sleep disorders and parasomnias
Sleep is made up of two physiological states: non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep. There are several brain regions and neurotransmitters that regulate the sleep-wake cycle, including serotonin, norepinephrine, acetylcholine, melatonin, and dopamine. Sleep disorders are classified in the DSM-5 and ICSD-2 and include insomnia, sleep-related breathing disorders, hypersomnias, circadian rhythm sleep-wake disorders, parasomnias, and other sleep-related movement disorders.
Limbic.system
The limbic system includes structures that border the hypothalamus and cerebral cortex. It is involved in emotional processing and behavior. The key structures are the hippocampus, amygdala, cingulate gyrus, and parahippocampal gyrus. These structures are interconnected and connected to the hypothalamus. Damage or abnormalities in limbic system structures have been implicated in conditions like schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, anxiety, autism, and Alzheimer's disease. The limbic system plays an important role in emotions, memory, motivation, and other cognitive functions.
Ch.2 The Biology of the Mind
The document discusses the biological school of thought and provides an overview of the nervous system and brain. It begins by explaining that neurons are the basic unit of the nervous system and how they communicate through synapses and neurotransmitters. It then describes the different parts of the nervous system including the central nervous system, peripheral nervous system, and autonomic nervous system. Finally, it briefly outlines some of the major structures and regions of the brain like the cerebral cortex, limbic system, and how genetics can influence brain development.
Recommended
Ch05 Sensation & Perception
The document discusses the visual system and visual perception as well as other sensory systems. It describes how vision works through the eye's ability to accommodate focus, the role of the retina's rods and cones in detecting light and color, and how visual information is transmitted through the optic nerve. It also explains several principles of visual perception like constancy and Gestalt laws of grouping. The document further examines audition, gustation, olfaction, touch, and pain as well as the structures and processes involved in these other sensory systems.
Ch06 Learning
This document provides an overview of classical and operant conditioning. It defines classical conditioning as involving the pairing of stimuli to form associations between them. Operant conditioning involves reinforcement and punishment to modify behaviors. Key concepts for both include acquisition, extinction, generalization, and discrimination. Schedules of reinforcement like fixed and variable ratio and interval are also explained. Observational learning involves learning through observing others and can occur through modeling or vicarious learning.
Ch11 Personality
The document discusses theories of personality including psychodynamic theory, defense mechanisms, Freud's psychosexual stages of development, social-cognitive perspective, person-centered approach, and five-factor theory. It also covers personality assessment through projective tests like the Rorschach inkblot test and Thematic Apperception Test as well as self-report inventories. Finally, it addresses factors in personality development including genetics, environment, temperament and the influence of family, friends and culture. Personality is described as being 40-60% genetic and both stable and changing based on life experiences and situations.
Ch03 Biopsychology
The document discusses the role of biology in psychology. It summarizes that the nervous system is made up of neurons that communicate electrically and chemically. There are two main types of neurons - sensory neurons that receive information and motor neurons that activate muscles or glands. The brain is the control center of the nervous system and is made up of the hindbrain, midbrain and forebrain. The four lobes of the cerebral cortex each specialize in different functions like vision, hearing, movement, and higher reasoning.
Ch09 Lifespan Development
1) Development across the lifespan involves biological, cognitive, and social changes from conception through old age.
2) Prenatal development proceeds through germinal, embryonic, and fetal stages, with the placenta providing nutrients and filtering substances and certain drugs/illnesses posing risks.
3) Jean Piaget's theory of cognitive development outlined four stages from sensorimotor to formal operations, with knowledge acquired through schemas and accommodation/assimilation.
Classification of sleep disorders and parasomnias
Sleep is made up of two physiological states: non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep. There are several brain regions and neurotransmitters that regulate the sleep-wake cycle, including serotonin, norepinephrine, acetylcholine, melatonin, and dopamine. Sleep disorders are classified in the DSM-5 and ICSD-2 and include insomnia, sleep-related breathing disorders, hypersomnias, circadian rhythm sleep-wake disorders, parasomnias, and other sleep-related movement disorders.
Limbic.system
The limbic system includes structures that border the hypothalamus and cerebral cortex. It is involved in emotional processing and behavior. The key structures are the hippocampus, amygdala, cingulate gyrus, and parahippocampal gyrus. These structures are interconnected and connected to the hypothalamus. Damage or abnormalities in limbic system structures have been implicated in conditions like schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, anxiety, autism, and Alzheimer's disease. The limbic system plays an important role in emotions, memory, motivation, and other cognitive functions.
Ch.2 The Biology of the Mind
The document discusses the biological school of thought and provides an overview of the nervous system and brain. It begins by explaining that neurons are the basic unit of the nervous system and how they communicate through synapses and neurotransmitters. It then describes the different parts of the nervous system including the central nervous system, peripheral nervous system, and autonomic nervous system. Finally, it briefly outlines some of the major structures and regions of the brain like the cerebral cortex, limbic system, and how genetics can influence brain development.
Frontal lobe
The document provides an overview of the neuroanatomy of the frontal and occipital lobes. It discusses the anatomy, functions, and clinical manifestations of lesions in each lobe. For the frontal lobe, it describes the major regions including the dorsolateral, medial, and orbital aspects. It outlines the functions of motor areas like the primary motor cortex and premotor cortex. It also discusses how lesions can cause syndromes like orbitofrontal syndrome. For the occipital lobe, it describes the primary and secondary visual cortices and their connections. It notes how lesions can result in visual field defects or hallucinations.
Clinical neurology for medical students
clinical neurology for undergraduate medical student including nervous system organisation and clinical examination
Insular cortex
The insular cortex is located at the center of the cerebral hemisphere. It is involved in interoceptive awareness, motor control, homeostasis, social emotions, emotions, self-awareness, perception, and cognitive functioning. Several studies examined the insular cortex's role in emotions. One study found that providing specific feedback about insular cortex activation allowed participants to voluntarily control activity in emotionally important brain systems. Another study found that desires are evaluated in brain regions including the insula. Damage to the insular cortex can cause immunosuppression, apathy, and loss of libido.
Limbic system
The limbic system is a ring of structures located deep within the brain that are involved in emotion, motivation, learning, and memory. It includes structures like the hippocampus, amygdala, hypothalamus, and cingulate gyrus. The limbic system regulates emotional responses, controls certain autonomic functions like breathing and heart rate, influences reward and punishment behaviors, and plays a role in forming memories and social cognition. Dysfunctions of the limbic system are implicated in various neurological and psychiatric conditions like epilepsy, dementia, anxiety disorders, and schizophrenia.
Sleep in psychiatry
This document provides an overview of sleep, including its definition, stages, neurobiology, and relevance to psychiatry. It describes the two main types of sleep - REM and NREM sleep - and the different stages of NREM sleep. The neurobiology of sleep and wakefulness involves separate but interacting systems in the brainstem, hypothalamus, and basal forebrain. Key structures and neurotransmitters that promote wakefulness include the ascending reticular activating system, locus ceruleus, tuberomamillary nucleus, pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus, and hypocretin. Age and circadian rhythms also influence sleep patterns.
Limbic system
The limbic system is a ring of gray matter located on the medial aspect of the cerebral hemispheres that controls emotional behavior and motivational drives. It includes components like the amygdala, hippocampus, cingulate gyrus, hypothalamus, and others. The limbic system is responsible for functions like emotions, autonomic functions, biological rhythms, motivation, and more. Specifically, the amygdala is involved in behavioral awareness and coordinating responses to stimuli. The hippocampus plays roles in learning, memory, and decision making. Damage to parts of the limbic system can result in conditions like Kluver-Bucy syndrome, characterized by changes in behavior.
Coma
an overview of coma &recent update on coma & concomitant cases,causes,risk,type,diagnosis,and who to management accordingly
Central nervous system
The document summarizes the structure and function of the central and peripheral nervous systems. It describes:
1. The central nervous system (CNS) consists of the brain and spinal cord and acts as the integration and command center. The peripheral nervous system (PNS) connects the CNS to effector organs and is divided into afferent and efferent divisions.
2. The brain is organized into specialized regions that control functions like sensory processing, motor control, language, memory, and homeostasis. Key regions include the cerebral cortex, basal ganglia, thalamus, hypothalamus, cerebellum, and brainstem.
3. The CNS is protected by meninges, cerebro
Neuroanatomy & Neurophysiology DCP 1105.ppt
Overview of the general anatomy & physiology
( Skeletal, Muscular, Endocrine, GIT, Urinary, CVS, & Reproductive Systems, Special senses, Physiology of the immune system)
2. Neuro anatomy (structure of the CNS, Brain, Spinal Cord, Application of Neuro anatomy)
3. Structure of the ANS, Parasympathetic & Sympathetic NS
4. Neurophysiology-Endocrine system, CNS, ANS, RAS, Limbic system, application of Neurophysiology
Nervous System
The document describes the structure and function of the nervous system. It discusses the central nervous system (CNS), which includes the brain and spinal cord, and the peripheral nervous system (PNS), which includes nerves and ganglia outside the CNS. The nervous system has sensory and motor divisions, with sensory receiving information and motor transmitting it. Neurons conduct nerve impulses while glial cells support neurons. The brain regions include the cerebrum, diencephalon, brain stem, and cerebellum. The spinal cord extends from the brain stem and is divided into sections.
Presentation NEUROMUSCULAR JUNCTION
The neuromuscular junction is the chemical synapse between a motor neuron and muscle fiber. When an action potential reaches the motor neuron terminal, calcium ions enter and cause vesicles to release acetylcholine into the synaptic cleft. Acetylcholine then binds to nicotinic receptors on the muscle fiber, opening sodium channels and causing an endplate potential that generates an action potential in the muscle fiber, leading to muscle contraction. Acetylcholinesterase breaks down acetylcholine to terminate the signal and allow muscle relaxation.
Neurofeedback
We have added neurofeedback at Challenges Treatment Center.
safe effective drug free tool to help retrain the damaged brain from alcohol and drug abuse
Antipsychiatry new (2)
The document provides an overview of antipsychiatry, beginning with its introduction and definitions. It then discusses the historical background, noting the mistreatment of mentally ill patients in the 19th century and abuses that occurred in Nazi Germany, the Soviet Union, and elsewhere. Key figures in the development of antipsychiatry are presented, including Michel Foucault, R.D. Laing, Thomas Szasz, and Franco Basaglia. Their common belief was that psychiatry imposed definitions of normalcy on personal realities. The document outlines controversies such as the Rosenhan experiment and the removal of homosexuality from the DSM. Finally, it notes the decline of antipsychiatry in the 1980s as biological
Neurological emergencies
This document provides an overview of neurological emergencies related to seizures, status epilepticus, and neuromuscular weakness. It reviews the pathophysiology of seizures and status epilepticus and approaches to treatment. Common causes of neuromuscular weakness are categorized as upper motor neuron, lower motor neuron, neuromuscular junction, muscle, or non-neuromuscular. Key diagnoses that must not be missed like Guillain-Barré syndrome, botulism, and myasthenia gravis are discussed in detail with regards to presentation, diagnosis, and management. Management of weakness focuses on localization of the lesion and treatment of underlying etiologies.
Endocrine mrmc
The document summarizes key aspects of the endocrine system, including:
1. The major endocrine glands that secrete hormones like the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, thyroid gland, adrenal glands, pancreas, ovaries, and testes.
2. How hormones function through autocrine, paracrine, and endocrine signaling to regulate processes in target cells and tissues.
3. The roles of the anterior and posterior pituitary glands in secreting hormones that regulate other endocrine glands and processes like metabolism, growth, and reproduction.
5 limbic system
The limbic system is a set of brain structures located deep in the brain that are involved in emotion, behavior, motivation, long-term memory, and olfaction. It includes the hippocampus, amygdala, and surrounding cortical areas. The hippocampus plays a key role in memory formation and storage. The amygdala is involved in emotional responses and regulating autonomic functions. Damage to limbic structures like the hippocampus and amygdala can result in conditions like Kluver-Bucy syndrome, anxiety, schizophrenia, and memory disorders.
Neurologic Pathophysiology
Neurons, Neurotransmitters, Impulse Conduction, Nervous System Physiology, Acute Neurologic Disorders, Chronic Neurologic Disorders, Pain, Seizures, Seizure Differential Diagnosis
Psychiatric emergencies other than suicide
anger and aggression , rape , marital crisis, child abuse , substance induced states , delirium, neuroleptic malignant syndrome
Frontotemporal dementia 2018
Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is a term used to describe a group of neurocognitive disorders that encompass progressive dysfunction in executive functioning, behavior, and language. It is considered the third most common form of dementia following Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and dementia with Lewy bodies. As per its namesake, it is a cluster of syndromes that result from degeneration of the frontal and temporal lobes, and is subdivided into two categories that are unique in respect to their predominating presentations; namely, the behavioral subtype that accounts for about half of FTD cases, and the language subtype The language subtype is further subdivided into nonfluent and semantic variants of primary progressive aphasia (PPA), which are characterized by diverging localizations and underlying cerebral dysfunction
Ch 6 consciousness
The document provides an overview of consciousness and discusses several key topics:
1) Introspection is the main way to study consciousness, but it has limitations as people lack vocabulary to describe experiences and interpret them differently.
2) Much of mental activity occurs outside of conscious awareness in the unconscious. Brain damage patients can demonstrate unconscious functioning through behaviors despite reported inability to perceive.
3) The reticular activating system regulates levels of consciousness from alert to comatose. Good consciousness requires both alertness and awareness.
4) Sleep involves cycles through stages including REM sleep for dreaming and deeper non-REM sleep for restoration. Disorders disrupt normal sleep patterns.
Ss aguiar reg psych consciousness 2013
The document discusses consciousness, sleep, dreams, and sleep disorders. It covers topics like the stages of sleep, theories of why we need sleep, common sleep disorders like insomnia and sleep apnea, and the function of dreaming. The sleep cycle involves progressing through stages of non-REM and REM sleep in a repeating cycle over night that is important for restoring the body and processing memories.
More Related Content
What's hot
Frontal lobe
The document provides an overview of the neuroanatomy of the frontal and occipital lobes. It discusses the anatomy, functions, and clinical manifestations of lesions in each lobe. For the frontal lobe, it describes the major regions including the dorsolateral, medial, and orbital aspects. It outlines the functions of motor areas like the primary motor cortex and premotor cortex. It also discusses how lesions can cause syndromes like orbitofrontal syndrome. For the occipital lobe, it describes the primary and secondary visual cortices and their connections. It notes how lesions can result in visual field defects or hallucinations.
Clinical neurology for medical students
clinical neurology for undergraduate medical student including nervous system organisation and clinical examination
Insular cortex
The insular cortex is located at the center of the cerebral hemisphere. It is involved in interoceptive awareness, motor control, homeostasis, social emotions, emotions, self-awareness, perception, and cognitive functioning. Several studies examined the insular cortex's role in emotions. One study found that providing specific feedback about insular cortex activation allowed participants to voluntarily control activity in emotionally important brain systems. Another study found that desires are evaluated in brain regions including the insula. Damage to the insular cortex can cause immunosuppression, apathy, and loss of libido.
Limbic system
The limbic system is a ring of structures located deep within the brain that are involved in emotion, motivation, learning, and memory. It includes structures like the hippocampus, amygdala, hypothalamus, and cingulate gyrus. The limbic system regulates emotional responses, controls certain autonomic functions like breathing and heart rate, influences reward and punishment behaviors, and plays a role in forming memories and social cognition. Dysfunctions of the limbic system are implicated in various neurological and psychiatric conditions like epilepsy, dementia, anxiety disorders, and schizophrenia.
Sleep in psychiatry
This document provides an overview of sleep, including its definition, stages, neurobiology, and relevance to psychiatry. It describes the two main types of sleep - REM and NREM sleep - and the different stages of NREM sleep. The neurobiology of sleep and wakefulness involves separate but interacting systems in the brainstem, hypothalamus, and basal forebrain. Key structures and neurotransmitters that promote wakefulness include the ascending reticular activating system, locus ceruleus, tuberomamillary nucleus, pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus, and hypocretin. Age and circadian rhythms also influence sleep patterns.
Limbic system
The limbic system is a ring of gray matter located on the medial aspect of the cerebral hemispheres that controls emotional behavior and motivational drives. It includes components like the amygdala, hippocampus, cingulate gyrus, hypothalamus, and others. The limbic system is responsible for functions like emotions, autonomic functions, biological rhythms, motivation, and more. Specifically, the amygdala is involved in behavioral awareness and coordinating responses to stimuli. The hippocampus plays roles in learning, memory, and decision making. Damage to parts of the limbic system can result in conditions like Kluver-Bucy syndrome, characterized by changes in behavior.
Coma
an overview of coma &recent update on coma & concomitant cases,causes,risk,type,diagnosis,and who to management accordingly
Central nervous system
The document summarizes the structure and function of the central and peripheral nervous systems. It describes:
1. The central nervous system (CNS) consists of the brain and spinal cord and acts as the integration and command center. The peripheral nervous system (PNS) connects the CNS to effector organs and is divided into afferent and efferent divisions.
2. The brain is organized into specialized regions that control functions like sensory processing, motor control, language, memory, and homeostasis. Key regions include the cerebral cortex, basal ganglia, thalamus, hypothalamus, cerebellum, and brainstem.
3. The CNS is protected by meninges, cerebro
Neuroanatomy & Neurophysiology DCP 1105.ppt
Overview of the general anatomy & physiology
( Skeletal, Muscular, Endocrine, GIT, Urinary, CVS, & Reproductive Systems, Special senses, Physiology of the immune system)
2. Neuro anatomy (structure of the CNS, Brain, Spinal Cord, Application of Neuro anatomy)
3. Structure of the ANS, Parasympathetic & Sympathetic NS
4. Neurophysiology-Endocrine system, CNS, ANS, RAS, Limbic system, application of Neurophysiology
Nervous System
The document describes the structure and function of the nervous system. It discusses the central nervous system (CNS), which includes the brain and spinal cord, and the peripheral nervous system (PNS), which includes nerves and ganglia outside the CNS. The nervous system has sensory and motor divisions, with sensory receiving information and motor transmitting it. Neurons conduct nerve impulses while glial cells support neurons. The brain regions include the cerebrum, diencephalon, brain stem, and cerebellum. The spinal cord extends from the brain stem and is divided into sections.
Presentation NEUROMUSCULAR JUNCTION
The neuromuscular junction is the chemical synapse between a motor neuron and muscle fiber. When an action potential reaches the motor neuron terminal, calcium ions enter and cause vesicles to release acetylcholine into the synaptic cleft. Acetylcholine then binds to nicotinic receptors on the muscle fiber, opening sodium channels and causing an endplate potential that generates an action potential in the muscle fiber, leading to muscle contraction. Acetylcholinesterase breaks down acetylcholine to terminate the signal and allow muscle relaxation.
Neurofeedback
We have added neurofeedback at Challenges Treatment Center.
safe effective drug free tool to help retrain the damaged brain from alcohol and drug abuse
Antipsychiatry new (2)
The document provides an overview of antipsychiatry, beginning with its introduction and definitions. It then discusses the historical background, noting the mistreatment of mentally ill patients in the 19th century and abuses that occurred in Nazi Germany, the Soviet Union, and elsewhere. Key figures in the development of antipsychiatry are presented, including Michel Foucault, R.D. Laing, Thomas Szasz, and Franco Basaglia. Their common belief was that psychiatry imposed definitions of normalcy on personal realities. The document outlines controversies such as the Rosenhan experiment and the removal of homosexuality from the DSM. Finally, it notes the decline of antipsychiatry in the 1980s as biological
Neurological emergencies
This document provides an overview of neurological emergencies related to seizures, status epilepticus, and neuromuscular weakness. It reviews the pathophysiology of seizures and status epilepticus and approaches to treatment. Common causes of neuromuscular weakness are categorized as upper motor neuron, lower motor neuron, neuromuscular junction, muscle, or non-neuromuscular. Key diagnoses that must not be missed like Guillain-Barré syndrome, botulism, and myasthenia gravis are discussed in detail with regards to presentation, diagnosis, and management. Management of weakness focuses on localization of the lesion and treatment of underlying etiologies.
Endocrine mrmc
The document summarizes key aspects of the endocrine system, including:
1. The major endocrine glands that secrete hormones like the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, thyroid gland, adrenal glands, pancreas, ovaries, and testes.
2. How hormones function through autocrine, paracrine, and endocrine signaling to regulate processes in target cells and tissues.
3. The roles of the anterior and posterior pituitary glands in secreting hormones that regulate other endocrine glands and processes like metabolism, growth, and reproduction.
5 limbic system
The limbic system is a set of brain structures located deep in the brain that are involved in emotion, behavior, motivation, long-term memory, and olfaction. It includes the hippocampus, amygdala, and surrounding cortical areas. The hippocampus plays a key role in memory formation and storage. The amygdala is involved in emotional responses and regulating autonomic functions. Damage to limbic structures like the hippocampus and amygdala can result in conditions like Kluver-Bucy syndrome, anxiety, schizophrenia, and memory disorders.
Neurologic Pathophysiology
Neurons, Neurotransmitters, Impulse Conduction, Nervous System Physiology, Acute Neurologic Disorders, Chronic Neurologic Disorders, Pain, Seizures, Seizure Differential Diagnosis
Psychiatric emergencies other than suicide
anger and aggression , rape , marital crisis, child abuse , substance induced states , delirium, neuroleptic malignant syndrome
Frontotemporal dementia 2018
Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is a term used to describe a group of neurocognitive disorders that encompass progressive dysfunction in executive functioning, behavior, and language. It is considered the third most common form of dementia following Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and dementia with Lewy bodies. As per its namesake, it is a cluster of syndromes that result from degeneration of the frontal and temporal lobes, and is subdivided into two categories that are unique in respect to their predominating presentations; namely, the behavioral subtype that accounts for about half of FTD cases, and the language subtype The language subtype is further subdivided into nonfluent and semantic variants of primary progressive aphasia (PPA), which are characterized by diverging localizations and underlying cerebral dysfunction
What's hot (20)
Similar to Ch04 States of Consciousness
Ch 6 consciousness
The document provides an overview of consciousness and discusses several key topics:
1) Introspection is the main way to study consciousness, but it has limitations as people lack vocabulary to describe experiences and interpret them differently.
2) Much of mental activity occurs outside of conscious awareness in the unconscious. Brain damage patients can demonstrate unconscious functioning through behaviors despite reported inability to perceive.
3) The reticular activating system regulates levels of consciousness from alert to comatose. Good consciousness requires both alertness and awareness.
4) Sleep involves cycles through stages including REM sleep for dreaming and deeper non-REM sleep for restoration. Disorders disrupt normal sleep patterns.
Ss aguiar reg psych consciousness 2013
The document discusses consciousness, sleep, dreams, and sleep disorders. It covers topics like the stages of sleep, theories of why we need sleep, common sleep disorders like insomnia and sleep apnea, and the function of dreaming. The sleep cycle involves progressing through stages of non-REM and REM sleep in a repeating cycle over night that is important for restoring the body and processing memories.
Sleep pattern disturbance copy
This document discusses sleep patterns and sleep disorders. It begins by defining sleep and describing the physiology and stages of the sleep-wake cycle, which is regulated by circadian rhythms. It then discusses factors that can influence sleep such as age, medical/psychiatric conditions, lifestyle, and environment. Common sleep disorders are classified and symptoms of sleep deprivation and sleep pattern disturbances are outlined. Treatment approaches include behavioral changes, medication, and somatic therapies. Nursing measures to promote sleep in hospital settings are also mentioned.
Unit 3 consciousness power point
This document provides information about sleep and sleep disorders. It discusses biological clocks that regulate sleep-wake cycles on a daily, monthly, and yearly basis. Typical nightly sleep includes REM and NREM sleep cycles that last around 90 minutes each. Common sleep disorders are also outlined, including insomnia, sleep apnea, narcolepsy, nightmares, night terrors, sleepwalking, and restless leg syndrome. Theories of dreaming are presented, such as the activation-synthesis theory which suggests dreams interpret random electrical brain activity during sleep, and the information-processing theory that dreams help deal with daily stresses. Freud's theory of dreams accessing the unconscious is also briefly mentioned.
Sleep AP Psych
The document discusses consciousness and the sleep cycle. It describes three levels of consciousness: conscious, preconscious, and unconscious. The sleep cycle involves passing through stages of non-REM sleep (stages 1-4) and REM sleep in a repeating 90 minute cycle throughout the night. Stage 3 and 4 non-REM sleep involves slow wave brain activity that is important for restoration. REM sleep involves dreaming and brain activity similar to being awake but the body is paralyzed. Biological rhythms like the circadian rhythm influence sleep patterns on a daily cycle.
Sleep well
Sleep is a must. Do you sleep well? If not go through this presentation. You will not only get sleep but peace as well. Presentation by Dr. Balasandilyan CEO www.visionunlimited.in.
Mobile 9840027810
Aguiar ap consciousness sleep and dreams 2014 2015
Biological rhythms influence our daily functioning through circadian rhythms and the sleep-wake cycle. The circadian rhythm is regulated by the suprachiasmatic nucleus which influences hormones like melatonin to make us feel sleepy. The sleep cycle consists of REM (rapid eye movement) and non-REM sleep stages that repeat about every 90 minutes. Sleep is important for restoration, recovery of the body, and processing memories from the previous day.
6. states of consciousness
The document discusses various states of consciousness including characteristics of consciousness, levels of consciousness, unconscious perception and influence, and theories on the neural basis of consciousness. It also covers circadian rhythms and our biological clocks, stages of sleep, theories on dreams, drug-induced states of consciousness including how drugs facilitate or inhibit synaptic transmission and risks of drug use. Hypnosis is also briefly discussed.
PSYC 1113 Chapter 4
This document summarizes key topics related to consciousness and its variations, including circadian rhythms, sleep stages, dreams, and psychoactive drugs. It discusses how consciousness can be characterized and describes the body's biological clock and various brain wave patterns associated with different states of awareness. The stages of sleep are outlined as well as theories about the functions of sleep and dreams. Finally, it covers various sleep and dream disorders and how psychoactive drugs can alter consciousness.
Brainscience4peakperformance
This document provides an overview of a workshop on using brain science to improve performance. It discusses topics like neuroplasticity, mindfulness, mindful exercises, hormones and their relationship to stress and mood. Key concepts covered include the neuroplasticity of the brain, mindfulness and how it relates to reducing thoughts and connecting to primal intelligence, and hormones like cortisol and how stress affects the body. The document emphasizes practices like meditation, exercise, spending time in nature and accepting present realities as ways to enhance physical, mental and spiritual health.
CONSIOUSNESS-SLEEP-DREAMS.ppt
The document discusses various aspects of consciousness, sleep, and dreams. It begins by defining consciousness and describing different levels of consciousness such as waking, subconscious, and unconscious states. It then discusses sleep stages and brain wave patterns associated with each stage. REM sleep is specifically called out as the stage where most vivid dreams occur. The document also covers sleep disorders, the effects of sleep deprivation, and theories about the purpose and meaning of dreams.
Ap consciousness ss
This document provides an overview of key topics related to consciousness, including biological rhythms and sleep cycles, modern levels of consciousness, hypnosis, and the effects of drugs on consciousness. Some key points:
- Biological rhythms like circadian rhythms and sleep-wake cycles influence daily functioning and are regulated by structures like the pineal gland and melatonin. Disrupting these rhythms can cause issues like jet lag.
- There are different levels of consciousness including conscious awareness, the preconscious which stores memories not currently in thought, and the unconscious which controls automatic processes.
- Sleep cycles through stages including light, deep, and REM sleep, each characterized by different brain wave patterns. Sleep allows
Chapter 4 Sleep P Pt2
The document discusses sleep, dreaming, and circadian rhythms. It covers the stages of sleep including non-REM and REM sleep. The four stages of non-REM sleep progress from light to deep sleep. REM sleep is characterized by rapid eye movements and dreaming. A typical night's sleep involves cycling through the stages approximately every 90 minutes, spending less time in deep sleep and more in REM sleep later in the night. Theories on dreaming function include expressing unconscious desires, rehearsing threatening situations, consolidating memories, and resolving daily problems and concerns.
Chapter 4
This document provides an overview of states of consciousness and related topics. It defines consciousness and describes Freud's theory of the conscious vs. unconscious mind. It discusses higher-level and lower-level consciousness and examples of each. Altered states of consciousness like those from drugs, trauma or hypnosis are explained. The roles of sleep stages, dreams, circadian rhythms, and diseases like insomnia are outlined. Finally, the effects of psychoactive drugs like stimulants, depressants, and hallucinogens are summarized.
Semantic, Cognitive and Perceptual Computing -Cognitive theory of dreaming
Semantic, Cognitive and Perceptual Computing -Cognitive theory of dreamingArtificial Intelligence Institute at UofSC
The document discusses cognitive theory of dreaming, which interprets dreams based on quantitative analysis of thoughts, images, and sensations occurring during sleep. According to cognitive theory, dreams reveal conceptions of self, others, the world, penalties, and conflicts that shape behavior when awake. The theory proposed by Calvin Hall is that dreams help shape ideas about the world. Additional sections discuss how sleep processes memories by extracting rules and insights, integrating new and old memories, and imagining possible futures to create meaning. Analyzing dreams may help understand conditions like coma and mental illness.CCSN's Remarkable Cancer Survivor's Guide to Healing at the Level of the Body
CCSN's Remarkable Cancer Survivor's Guide to Healing at the Level of the BodyCanadian Cancer Survivor Network
Don't miss our upcoming webinars. Subscribe today!
In part 3 of our 8-part Empowerment Series: Dr. Rutledge will provide practical ways to unleash the body's healing potential through physical habits and techniques - done with an attitude of peace, love and gratitude.
View the video: https://youtu.be/CUyAxMpKe8o
To learn more about CCSN, visit us at survivornet.ca
Follow CCSN on social media:
Twitter - https://twitter.com/survivornetca
Facebook - https://www.facebook.com/CanadianSurvivorNet
Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/survivornet_ca/
Pinterest - https://www.pinterest.com/survivornetwork PoP wk 4
This document discusses different levels and states of consciousness. It covers topics like sleep stages and cycles, dreaming, sleep disorders, and psychoactive drugs and their effects on consciousness. Regarding sleep, it describes the stages of non-REM and REM sleep and factors that influence sleep patterns across one's lifespan. It also outlines common sleep disorders like insomnia, narcolepsy, sleep apnea, and night terrors. The document then explores theories of dreaming and how psychoactive drugs can alter consciousness by interacting with neurotransmitter systems in the brain. Main categories of drugs are described like depressants, stimulants, opiates, and hallucinogens.
Sleep Hygiene
Sleep is a naturally recurring state of reduced consciousness that is essential for restoration and repair of the body and brain. It occurs in distinct sleep cycles including light, deep, and REM sleep. Getting sufficient quality sleep provides many benefits like strengthening the immune system, improving mood and memory, and allowing the brain and body to repair damage. Disruptions to healthy sleep habits and practices can negatively impact physical and mental health. Maintaining a regular sleep schedule, relaxing before bed, and avoiding stimulants can promote better quality sleep.
Psyc 111 study unit 3.1
The document discusses different states of consciousness including conscious awareness, levels of consciousness, sleep cycles, dreaming, hypnosis, meditation, and effects of psychoactive drugs. It describes how consciousness changes through biological rhythms and circadian cycles. Key points include the 5 phases of sleep, REM sleep and dream phenomena, theories of dreaming and hypnosis, benefits of meditation, and risks of psychoactive drug use and overdose.
Brain and Memory.ppt
The document discusses the relationship between vibration, consciousness, and the brain/memory. It states that vibration and consciousness are intimately connected on all levels of manifestation, from the highest to the physical. Particular vibrations produce corresponding perceptions or states of consciousness. Consciousness can also influence matter by initiating particular vibrations. The human brain has six hierarchical levels that have emerged, and the brain and universe are inseparable. Memory formation depends on changes in synaptic functioning and connectivity at different levels.
Similar to Ch04 States of Consciousness (20)
Aguiar ap consciousness sleep and dreams 2014 2015
Aguiar ap consciousness sleep and dreams 2014 2015
Semantic, Cognitive and Perceptual Computing -Cognitive theory of dreaming
Semantic, Cognitive and Perceptual Computing -Cognitive theory of dreaming
CCSN's Remarkable Cancer Survivor's Guide to Healing at the Level of the Body
CCSN's Remarkable Cancer Survivor's Guide to Healing at the Level of the Body
More from LauraAdamsPhD
Ch12 Social Psychology
Social psychology is the scientific study of how mental processes and behavior are influenced by other people. The document discusses several topics in social psychology including groups, harming and helping behaviors, attitudes, social cognition, and close relationships. It provides information on key theories and findings related to conformity, obedience, bystander effect, cognitive dissonance, stereotypes and relationships.
Ch08 Memory
The document summarizes the three-stage model of memory, which includes sensory memory, short-term memory, and long-term memory. It describes key aspects of each stage, such as capacity and duration. Encoding strategies are discussed that can improve long-term memory storage, like levels of processing, mnemonics, spacing effects, and testing. Retrieval cues and ways to measure long-term memory like recall and recognition are also summarized. Common memory failures and how to improve memory accuracy are outlined.
Ch14 Stress & Health
The document discusses stress and its effects on both the body and mind. It describes the general adaptation syndrome, which outlines the body's physiological response to stressors. This involves an alarm phase, resistance phase, and exhaustion phase. Stress can impact the body through the HPA axis and immune system. It affects the mind through cognition and learned helplessness. The document also discusses ways to manage stress, such as problem-focused and emotion-focused coping strategies, social support, exercise, relaxation techniques, and mindfulness meditation. Finally, it covers factors related to happiness, such as resilience, subjective well-being, and predictors like genes, personal history, and culture.
Ch15 Psychological Disorders
Psychological disorders are patterns of affect, behavior, and cognition that are deviant, distressful, dysfunctional, dangerous, or a combination. They can be diagnosed through assessment of a person's affect, behavior, and cognition. Disorders have biological, psychological, and socio-cultural factors. There are several main types of disorders including mood disorders like depression and bipolar disorder, anxiety disorders, schizophrenia, and personality disorders.
Ch02 Psychological Research
This document summarizes different types of psychological research methods: descriptive research simply observes and measures behaviors; correlational research tests relationships between variables but cannot prove causation; experimental research tests causal hypotheses by manipulating an independent variable and measuring its effects on a dependent variable with a control group for comparison. Biases that can influence results are also discussed.
Ch01 Psychological Foundations
This document provides an overview of the key figures and perspectives in the field of psychology. It discusses influential early philosophers and scientists such as Aristotle, Hippocrates, and Leonardo Da Vinci. Some of the major modern perspectives mentioned include biological psychology, cognitive psychology, developmental psychology, and social psychology. The document also outlines some of the major careers one can pursue with a background in psychology, such as clinical psychology, counseling psychology, and industrial-organizational psychology.
PSY-2 Ch13: Memory & Learning
The document discusses types of learning and memory as well as neural mechanisms of memory. It describes different types of learning such as skill learning, priming, and associative learning. It also discusses different types of memory including declarative and non-declarative memory. The document then covers neural mechanisms of memory such as neuroplasticity, long-term potentiation, and Hebbian theory which proposes that neurons wire together when they fire together.
PSY-2 Ch12: Psychopathology
This document discusses several types of psychopathology including schizophrenia, mood disorders like depression, and anxiety disorders. It provides information on the symptoms, potential causes like genetic and environmental factors, and treatments for each type of disorder. For schizophrenia, it discusses brain changes and the dopamine hypothesis as well as historical and modern drug treatments. For depression, it covers brain changes, therapies like ECT and TMS, and theories about serotonin. Anxiety disorders covered include phobias, panic disorder, PTSD, OCD, and Tourette's syndrome.
PSY-2 Ch11: Emotion, Aggression, & Stress
Emotions involve distinctive physiological changes and behaviors in response to internal or external stimuli. The autonomic nervous system divides into the sympathetic and parasympathetic branches to prepare the body for action or rest in response to emotions. Schachter's cognitive attribution theory holds that nonspecific feelings of arousal are given emotional labels based on one's situation. Emotions are expressed through facial expressions and feedback from facial expressions can impact moods. The limbic system in the brain, including structures like the amygdala, is linked to processing emotions like fear. Different levels of neurotransmitters like serotonin and hormones like testosterone are associated with aggression levels in humans and other animals. The stress response activates the hypothalamus and adrenal g
PSY-2 Ch10: Biological Rhythms & Sleep
The document discusses biological rhythms and sleep. It describes circadian rhythms regulated by the suprachiasmatic nucleus and synchronized to the light-dark cycle via the retinohypothalamic pathway. Sleep has two states - slow-wave sleep and REM sleep - which alternate in cycles. Neural circuits in the forebrain, brainstem, pons, and hypothalamus regulate sleep-wake states. Sleep disorders include insomnia, sleep apnea, narcolepsy, and REM behavior disorder. Maintaining good sleep hygiene can help treat disorders.
PSY-2 Ch09 Homeostasis
1. Homeostasis involves maintaining stable internal conditions through negative feedback systems and redundancy.
2. Fluid regulation is controlled by thirst mechanisms that respond to changes in blood volume or solute concentration. Hormones like vasopressin and angiotensin work to maintain fluid balance.
3. Food regulation relies on insulin to store and use glucose for energy. The hypothalamus integrates signals like ghrelin and leptin to control hunger and appetite.
PSY-2 Ch08 Hormones & Sex
The document discusses sexual differentiation and development in humans. It defines the four criteria that determine sex: genetic sex (XY or XX chromosomes), gonadal sex (internal testes or ovaries), phenotypic sex (external genitalia), and secondary sex characteristics. Sexual differentiation begins with genetic sex determining gonadal development, followed by hormones shaping phenotypic and secondary sex traits. Intersex conditions can occur when development of any of these is atypical, such as androgen insensitivity or congenital adrenal hyperplasia.
PSY-2 Ch07 Vision
This document discusses various aspects of vision, including:
1. Visual transduction, which describes how light is detected by photoreceptors in the retina.
2. Visual processing in the central nervous system, with information from the retina being sent to the lateral geniculate nucleus and primary visual cortex.
3. Receptive fields for vision, explaining how retinal ganglion cells respond to light or dark stimuli in specific regions of their receptive fields.
4. Color vision, describing how the three types of cone photoreceptors allow for the perception of different colors.
PSY-2 Ch06 Hearing, Taste, & Smell
The document summarizes key topics related to hearing and other senses. It begins with the gross anatomy of the ear, including the outer, middle and inner ear. It then describes the detailed structure and function of the cochlea for transducing sound into neural signals. The pathways for auditory processing in the brain and types of hearing loss are also reviewed. Additional sections cover the vestibular system for balance, as well as the gustatory system for taste and olfactory system for smell. Key structures and mechanisms for each sense organ are defined.
PSY-2 Ch05 The Sensorimotor System
This document discusses the sensorimotor system, including the somatosensory system, pain, and the motor system. It describes how the somatosensory system detects body sensations via receptors and transduces physical stimuli into neural signals. It outlines the motor system hierarchy including the spinal cord, brainstem, motor cortex, and extrapyramidal structures like the basal ganglia and cerebellum that modulate motor commands. It also discusses motor control mechanisms, proprioception, reflexes, and how damage to different areas can impact movement abilities.
PSY-2 Ch03: The Chemistry of Behavior
The document discusses neurotransmitters and how psychoactive drugs affect neurons. It describes the major neurotransmitters in the brain and their functions. It explains how drugs can act as agonists or antagonists at neurotransmitter receptors. Psychoactive drugs are divided into those that relieve severe symptoms like schizophrenia and depression, and those that alter consciousness like nicotine, alcohol, and other recreational drugs. Tolerances can develop with repeated drug use as the body and brain adapt.
PSY-2 Ch02: Neurophysiology
The document summarizes key concepts in neurophysiology including:
1) Resting potentials are maintained by ion gradients and the sodium-potassium pump, keeping the intracellular environment negatively charged.
2) Action potentials are rapid shifts in membrane potential triggered by the opening of voltage-gated sodium channels, which then allow voltage-gated potassium channels to repolarize the neuron.
3) Postsynaptic potentials are graded responses to neurotransmitters that can be excitatory or inhibitory, influencing whether an action potential is triggered in the postsynaptic cell.
PSY-2 Ch01: Structure & Function
1. The document discusses the structure and function of the nervous system. It describes the basic cells of the nervous system including neurons and glial cells.
2. The nervous system is divided into the central nervous system and peripheral nervous system. The peripheral nervous system has three components - cranial nerves, spinal nerves, and the autonomic nervous system.
3. The brain is also described in detail including its major structures and lobes as well as supporting systems like the meninges and ventricular system. Common brain imaging techniques are also outlined.
Psy 2 introduction
This document provides a brief history of biological psychology, which is the scientific study of the biological bases of behavior and mental processes. It discusses early thinkers like Hippocrates, Galen, and Descartes who began exploring connections between the brain and human functions like speech, emotions, and cognition. The document also summarizes two major debates - between dualism vs materialism about the relationship between mind and body, and between nature vs nurture regarding the influences on human development. Finally, it outlines some promising future areas of research in biological psychology like neuroplasticity, social neuroscience, and epigenetics.
More from LauraAdamsPhD (19)
Recently uploaded
BÀI TẬP BỔ TRỢ TIẾNG ANH 8 CẢ NĂM - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 (CÓ FI...
BÀI TẬP BỔ TRỢ TIẾNG ANH 8 CẢ NĂM - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 (CÓ FI...Nguyen Thanh Tu Collection
https://app.box.com/s/y977uz6bpd3af4qsebv7r9b7s21935vdCACJapan - GROUP Presentation 1- Wk 4.pdf
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
Natural birth techniques - Mrs.Akanksha Trivedi Rama University
Natural birth techniques - Mrs.Akanksha Trivedi Rama UniversityAkanksha trivedi rama nursing college kanpur.
Natural birth techniques are various type such as/ water birth , alexender method, hypnosis, bradley method, lamaze method etcবাংলাদেশ অর্থনৈতিক সমীক্ষা (Economic Review) ২০২৪ UJS App.pdf
বাংলাদেশের অর্থনৈতিক সমীক্ষা ২০২৪ [Bangladesh Economic Review 2024 Bangla.pdf] কম্পিউটার , ট্যাব ও স্মার্ট ফোন ভার্সন সহ সম্পূর্ণ বাংলা ই-বুক বা pdf বই " সুচিপত্র ...বুকমার্ক মেনু 🔖 ও হাইপার লিংক মেনু 📝👆 যুক্ত ..
আমাদের সবার জন্য খুব খুব গুরুত্বপূর্ণ একটি বই ..বিসিএস, ব্যাংক, ইউনিভার্সিটি ভর্তি ও যে কোন প্রতিযোগিতা মূলক পরীক্ষার জন্য এর খুব ইম্পরট্যান্ট একটি বিষয় ...তাছাড়া বাংলাদেশের সাম্প্রতিক যে কোন ডাটা বা তথ্য এই বইতে পাবেন ...
তাই একজন নাগরিক হিসাবে এই তথ্য গুলো আপনার জানা প্রয়োজন ...।
বিসিএস ও ব্যাংক এর লিখিত পরীক্ষা ...+এছাড়া মাধ্যমিক ও উচ্চমাধ্যমিকের স্টুডেন্টদের জন্য অনেক কাজে আসবে ...
PCOS corelations and management through Ayurveda.
This presentation includes basic of PCOS their pathology and treatment and also Ayurveda correlation of PCOS and Ayurvedic line of treatment mentioned in classics.
How to Build a Module in Odoo 17 Using the Scaffold Method
Odoo provides an option for creating a module by using a single line command. By using this command the user can make a whole structure of a module. It is very easy for a beginner to make a module. There is no need to make each file manually. This slide will show how to create a module using the scaffold method.
Top five deadliest dog breeds in America
Thinking of getting a dog? Be aware that breeds like Pit Bulls, Rottweilers, and German Shepherds can be loyal and dangerous. Proper training and socialization are crucial to preventing aggressive behaviors. Ensure safety by understanding their needs and always supervising interactions. Stay safe, and enjoy your furry friends!
Hindi varnamala | hindi alphabet PPT.pdf
हिंदी वर्णमाला पीपीटी, hindi alphabet PPT presentation, hindi varnamala PPT, Hindi Varnamala pdf, हिंदी स्वर, हिंदी व्यंजन, sikhiye hindi varnmala, dr. mulla adam ali, hindi language and literature, hindi alphabet with drawing, hindi alphabet pdf, hindi varnamala for childrens, hindi language, hindi varnamala practice for kids, https://www.drmullaadamali.com
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in Education
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty, In...
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty, In...Dr. Vinod Kumar Kanvaria
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty,
International FDP on Fundamentals of Research in Social Sciences
at Integral University, Lucknow, 06.06.2024
By Dr. Vinod Kumar KanvariaPollock and Snow "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape, Session One: Setting Expec...
Pollock and Snow "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape, Session One: Setting Expec...National Information Standards Organization (NISO)
This presentation was provided by Steph Pollock of The American Psychological Association’s Journals Program, and Damita Snow, of The American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE), for the initial session of NISO's 2024 Training Series "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape." Session One: 'Setting Expectations: a DEIA Primer,' was held June 6, 2024.Executive Directors Chat Leveraging AI for Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion
Let’s explore the intersection of technology and equity in the final session of our DEI series. Discover how AI tools, like ChatGPT, can be used to support and enhance your nonprofit's DEI initiatives. Participants will gain insights into practical AI applications and get tips for leveraging technology to advance their DEI goals.
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp Network
Dive into the world of AI! Experts Jon Hill and Tareq Monaur will guide you through AI's role in enhancing nonprofit websites and basic marketing strategies, making it easy to understand and apply.
Azure Interview Questions and Answers PDF By ScholarHat
Azure Interview Questions and Answers PDF By ScholarHat
Recently uploaded (20)
BÀI TẬP BỔ TRỢ TIẾNG ANH 8 CẢ NĂM - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 (CÓ FI...
BÀI TẬP BỔ TRỢ TIẾNG ANH 8 CẢ NĂM - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 (CÓ FI...
Natural birth techniques - Mrs.Akanksha Trivedi Rama University
Natural birth techniques - Mrs.Akanksha Trivedi Rama University
বাংলাদেশ অর্থনৈতিক সমীক্ষা (Economic Review) ২০২৪ UJS App.pdf
বাংলাদেশ অর্থনৈতিক সমীক্ষা (Economic Review) ২০২৪ UJS App.pdf
How to Build a Module in Odoo 17 Using the Scaffold Method
How to Build a Module in Odoo 17 Using the Scaffold Method
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty, In...
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty, In...
Pollock and Snow "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape, Session One: Setting Expec...
Pollock and Snow "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape, Session One: Setting Expec...
Pride Month Slides 2024 David Douglas School District
Pride Month Slides 2024 David Douglas School District
Executive Directors Chat Leveraging AI for Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion
Executive Directors Chat Leveraging AI for Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp Network
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp Network
Azure Interview Questions and Answers PDF By ScholarHat
Azure Interview Questions and Answers PDF By ScholarHat
Ch04 States of Consciousness
- 1. States of Consciousness ➔ Consciousness & Rhythms ➔ Sleep & Dreams ➔ Psychoactive Drugs
- 2. Consciousness & Rhythms CONSCIOUSNESS: your individual awareness of your unique thoughts, feelings, sensations, and environments
- 3. Consciousness & Rhythms • BIOLOGICAL RHYTHMS: internal cycles of biological activity • CIRCADIAN: 24-hour cycles
- 4. Consciousness & Rhythms • HOMEOSTASIS: maintaining a balance or optimal level within a biological system • SUPRACHIASMATIC NUCLEUS (SCN): the biological clock located in the hypothalamus
- 5. Consciousness & Rhythms MELATONIN: • Released by the pineal gland • Regulates biological rhythms • Darkness increases release
- 6. Sleep 6 Age Sleep Needed 0-3 mos 12-18 hrs 3 mos - 1 14-15 hrs 1-3 12-14 hrs 3-5 11-13 hrs 5-10 10-11 hrs 10-18 8-10 hrs 18 + 7-9 hrs Why do we sleep?
- 7. Sleep
- 10. States of Consciousness ➔ Consciousness & Rhythms ➔ Sleep & Dreams ➔ Psychoactive Drugs
- 11. STAGE 1 • Less brain activity • 2-5% of sleep • Sensory experiences STAGE 2 • Sleep spindles • Inhibition of incoming sensory info • 45 – 55% of sleep STAGE 3 • Slow wave sleep • Difficult to wake • 13 – 23 % of sleep 11 Sleep
- 12. 12 REM SLEEP: Rapid Eye Movement • 80% recall dreams if woken during REM • Motor cortex is active, but blocked • Paradoxical: externally calm, internally aroused • 20-25% of sleep Sleep
- 13. 13 Sleep
- 14. WHY DO WE SLEEP? 1. Adaptive Function • Protection • Energy Conservation 2. Recovery & Growth 3. Cognitive Function • Memory • Creativity 14 Sleep
- 15. 15 SLEEP DISORDERS •INSOMNIA: Chronic problems getting enough sleep •PARASOMNIA: unwanted, disruptive motor activity during sleep • Sleepwalking • Restless Leg Syndrome • Night Terrors Sleep
- 16. 16 SLEEP DISORDERS •NARCOLEPSY: Sudden, irresistible onset of sleep during normal waking periods •SLEEP APNEA: Frequent, reflexive gasping for air that awakens the person and disrupts sleep Sleep
- 17. 17 Sleep SLEEP DISORDERS •SUDDEN INFANT DEATH SYNDROME (SIDS): an infant stops breathing during sleep and dies
- 18. WHAT DO WE DREAM ABOUT? •Visual •Often boring •Self-centered •Negative WHEN DO WE DREAM? •Stage 1 & 2: 70 – 75% •Stage 3 & 4: 50% •REM: 80% 18 Top 15 Dreams in College Students 1 Being chased 2 Sexual Experience 3 Falling 4 School, teachers, studying 5 Being late 6 Verge of falling 7 Trying again & again 8 Someone dying 9 Flying or soaring 10 Vividly sensing a presence 11 Failing an exam 12 Physically attacked 13 Frozen with fright 14 A person now dead is alive 15 Being a child again Sleep
- 19. 19 WHY DO WE DREAM? •PSYCHOANALYTIC DREAM THEORY: dreams are a way to resolve unconscious drives and wishes •MANIFEST CONTENT: storyline of dream •LATENT CONTENT: symbolic meaning of dream Sleep
- 20. 20 WHY DO WE DREAM? •THREAT-SIMULATION THEORY: •We to role-play threatening events in our dreams •Dreams = practice the mental processes needed to detect and avoid threats •EXPECTATION-FULFILLMENT THEORY: •We experience uncomfortable emotional arousals during the day •Dreams are metaphors that allow us to deal with the arousal while sleeping Sleep
- 21. 21 WHY DO WE DREAM? •ACTIVATION-SYNTHESIS THEORY: •Electrical brain impulses pull up random thoughts and images •We create a dream story when we wake up to make sense of the random firing •CONTINUAL-ACTIVATION THEORY: dreams may help us sift, sort, and fix events from the previous day in our memory Sleep
- 22. States of Consciousness ➔ Consciousness & Rhythms ➔ Sleep & Dreams ➔ Psychoactive Drugs
- 23. STIMULANTS: increase both mental processes and physical activity •Cocaine •Methamphetamines •Agonists for dopamine Psychoactive Drugs
- 24. HALLUCINOGENS: affect perceptual experiences and evoke sensory images even without sensory input •MDMA (ecstasy) •THC •PCP •Some are agonists for serotonin Psychoactive Drugs
- 25. DEPRESSANTS: decrease both mental processes and physical activity •Alcohol •Xanax, Valium, Ativan • Agonists for GABA Psychoactive Drugs
- 26. Opiates: a type of depressant •Heroin •Morphine •Codeine •Agonists for endorphins Psychoactive Drugs
- 27. •SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER: compulsive drug craving and use, despite negative consequences • Physiological • Psychological •TOLERANCE: physical effect of addiction; the need to take larger doses of a drug to experience its effects Psychoactive Drugs
- 28. •WITHDRAWAL: physical and psychological effects after discontinuing use of an addictive drug (anxiety, tension, and cravings) 5-10% of drug users become addicted Psychoactive Drugs
- 29. Bruce Alexander – Rat Park Psychoactive Drugs
- 30. Bruce Alexander – Rat Park Psychoactive Drugs