Psy 2 introduction
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This document provides a brief history of biological psychology, which is the scientific study of the biological bases of behavior and mental processes. It discusses early thinkers like Hippocrates, Galen, and Descartes who began exploring connections between the brain and human functions like speech, emotions, and cognition. The document also summarizes two major debates - between dualism vs materialism about the relationship between mind and body, and between nature vs nurture regarding the influences on human development. Finally, it outlines some promising future areas of research in biological psychology like neuroplasticity, social neuroscience, and epigenetics.
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Rick Hanson
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Parenting and neuroscience
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The document discusses the visual system and visual perception as well as other sensory systems. It describes how vision works through the eye's ability to accommodate focus, the role of the retina's rods and cones in detecting light and color, and how visual information is transmitted through the optic nerve. It also explains several principles of visual perception like constancy and Gestalt laws of grouping. The document further examines audition, gustation, olfaction, touch, and pain as well as the structures and processes involved in these other sensory systems.
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The document discusses theories of personality including psychodynamic theory, defense mechanisms, Freud's psychosexual stages of development, social-cognitive perspective, person-centered approach, and five-factor theory. It also covers personality assessment through projective tests like the Rorschach inkblot test and Thematic Apperception Test as well as self-report inventories. Finally, it addresses factors in personality development including genetics, environment, temperament and the influence of family, friends and culture. Personality is described as being 40-60% genetic and both stable and changing based on life experiences and situations.
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Psy 2 introduction
- 1. Introduction: Building the Mind’s Machine 1
- 2. BIOLOGICAL PSYCHOLOGY: scientific study of the biological bases of behavior & mental processes 2
- 3. A BRIEF HISTORY OF BIO PSYCH TREPHINATION EDWIN SMITH PAPYRUS 3
- 4. A BRIEF HISTORY OF BIO PSYCH HIPPOCRATES ARISTOTLE 4
- 5. “Men ought to know that from nothing else but the brain come joys, delights, laughter and sports, and sorrows, griefs, despondency, and lamentations. And by this, in an especial manner, we acquire wisdom and knowledge, and see and hear, and know what are foul and what are fair, what are bad and what are good, what are sweet, and what unsavory;...And by the same organ we become mad and delirious, and fears and terrors assail us, ...All these things we endure from the brain...In these ways I am of the opinion that the brain exercises the greatest power in the man. This is the interpreter to us of those things which emanate from. It is the brain which is the messenger to the understanding.” A BRIEF HISTORY OF BIO PSYCH 5
- 6. GALEN A BRIEF HISTORY OF BIO PSYCH 6 "there is a hairlike pair of nerves in the muscles of the larynx on both left and right, which if … cut render the animal speechless without damaging either its life or functional activity"
- 7. GALEN A BRIEF HISTORY OF BIO PSYCH 7
- 8. LEONARDO DA VINCI A BRIEF HISTORY OF BIO PSYCH 8
- 9. RENE DESCARTES A BRIEF HISTORY OF BIO PSYCH 9
- 10. DEBATE #1: Dualism VS Materialism DUALISM: the mind and body are separate MATERIALISM: the mind is a consequence of the body 10
- 11. DEBATE #2: Nature VS Nurture NATURE: internal, biological influences NURTURE: external, environmental influences 11
- 12. THE FUTURE OF BIO PSYCH • NEUROPLASTICITY: the nervous system can change in response to experience • SOCIAL NEUROSCIENCE: biological bases of social behavior • EVOLUTIONARY PSYCHOLOGY: natural selection has shaped behavior 12
- 13. THE FUTURE OF BIO PSYCH • EPIGENETICS: gene expression can be turned on & off • NEUROECONOMICS: the brain mechanisms at work during decision making • CONSCIOUSNESS: the state of awareness of one’s own experiences 13