This document discusses key concepts related to communities and human rights. It defines community as a social unit that shares commonalities, and explains why understanding communities is important from various social science perspectives. It also outlines structural dimensions of communities, including geographic, socio-political, economic, and cultural factors. Dynamics within communities like power structures, leadership, and social change are examined. The document then discusses concepts like community engagement, solidarity, citizenship, and issues communities may face in relation to human rights.
Professionalization of Teaching in the PhilippinesRia Alajar
The document discusses the professionalization of teachers in the Philippines. It begins by explaining that RA7836 recognizes teachers as vital for nation-building and developing a responsible citizenry. It declares that teacher education shall be of the highest quality and oriented towards Philippine conditions. RA9293 amends certain sections of RA7836. It provides the minimum educational qualifications for teachers in different grade levels, such as a Bachelor's degree in early childhood education for preschool teachers or a Bachelor's degree in education for secondary teachers. The document was written by Ria D. Alajar and is from the book "Teaching Profession" published in 2020.
The document discusses patterns of public expenditure in the Philippines from 2001-2011. It classifies expenditures according to level of government, nature, function, and type of funds. Charts show expenditure trends increasing as a percentage of GDP and outpacing revenue growth. Expenditures are primarily for economic and social services, with increasing operating costs and capital outlays. Conclusions note constant expenditure growth due to expanding government services and population. Recommendations include eliminating wasteful spending and increasing fiscal discipline.
This document is a daily lesson log for an 11th-12th grade social studies class. It outlines the objectives, content, learning resources, procedures, and reflections for lessons taught between September 23-26 on the topics of social stratification, social organization, and kinship ties. The objectives are to understand social stratification based on wealth, power and prestige and analyze aspects of social organization and one's role in social groups. Over the course of the week, students engaged in lectures, group presentations, discussions on family structures and marriage traditions, and developing their understanding through examples and applying concepts to daily life. The teacher reflected on students' mastery of the content and next steps to improve instruction.
Understanding Culture, Society and PoliticsZenpai Carl
This document contains a review test for social sciences. It consists of 66 multiple choice questions covering various topics related to culture, society, politics, and human evolution. The questions assess understanding of key concepts such as cultural variation, social status, religion, social change, sociology, anthropology, political science, theories of social structure, mechanisms of cultural transmission, aspects of culture, human taxonomy, species of hominids, stages of human evolution, and processes of socialization and group formation. The test is intended to help students prepare for the Basic Education Exit Assessment in social sciences.
The document discusses several problems with the Philippine educational system, including a decline in education quality, poor performance on national and international assessments, lack of affordability resulting in high dropout rates among disadvantaged students, low budget allocation to education relative to other ASEAN countries, and a mismatch between the skills taught and actual job requirements. Specific issues covered include outdated textbooks, lack of research in higher education, high pupil-teacher ratios, difficulties disciplining and engaging male students, and over-reliance on rote memorization teaching methods.
Social and Political Stratification Definition
Systems of Stratification
Theoretical Perspectives on Social Stratification
Social Mobility and Inequality
Please give credits to the creator of this PPT presentation.
I'm a graduating STEM student of Senior High School in Makati Science High School (2018).
The daily lesson log outlines a class on community structures, dynamics, and processes for 12th grade students. The objectives are to analyze community functions and differentiate community typologies. Concepts to be covered include community elements like structures, dynamics, and processes. Learning resources include self-learning modules and references on community engagement. Procedures include reviewing concepts, establishing purpose, presenting examples, discussing new concepts, developing mastery through picture analysis, finding practical applications, making generalizations, and evaluating learning. Additional activities include modeling ideal communities. The reflection notes student progress and challenges for the teacher.
The document discusses trends, issues, and policies in the Philippine education system. It provides a history of the Philippine education system from pre-Spanish era to present. It identifies problems in access to basic education, quality of basic education, and weaknesses in the public school system such as low budgets, teacher shortages, and classroom shortages. It also outlines policies to improve access and quality such as establishing schools in underserved areas, creating teaching positions, and implementing a Social Reform Agenda.
Professionalization of Teaching in the PhilippinesRia Alajar
The document discusses the professionalization of teachers in the Philippines. It begins by explaining that RA7836 recognizes teachers as vital for nation-building and developing a responsible citizenry. It declares that teacher education shall be of the highest quality and oriented towards Philippine conditions. RA9293 amends certain sections of RA7836. It provides the minimum educational qualifications for teachers in different grade levels, such as a Bachelor's degree in early childhood education for preschool teachers or a Bachelor's degree in education for secondary teachers. The document was written by Ria D. Alajar and is from the book "Teaching Profession" published in 2020.
The document discusses patterns of public expenditure in the Philippines from 2001-2011. It classifies expenditures according to level of government, nature, function, and type of funds. Charts show expenditure trends increasing as a percentage of GDP and outpacing revenue growth. Expenditures are primarily for economic and social services, with increasing operating costs and capital outlays. Conclusions note constant expenditure growth due to expanding government services and population. Recommendations include eliminating wasteful spending and increasing fiscal discipline.
This document is a daily lesson log for an 11th-12th grade social studies class. It outlines the objectives, content, learning resources, procedures, and reflections for lessons taught between September 23-26 on the topics of social stratification, social organization, and kinship ties. The objectives are to understand social stratification based on wealth, power and prestige and analyze aspects of social organization and one's role in social groups. Over the course of the week, students engaged in lectures, group presentations, discussions on family structures and marriage traditions, and developing their understanding through examples and applying concepts to daily life. The teacher reflected on students' mastery of the content and next steps to improve instruction.
Understanding Culture, Society and PoliticsZenpai Carl
This document contains a review test for social sciences. It consists of 66 multiple choice questions covering various topics related to culture, society, politics, and human evolution. The questions assess understanding of key concepts such as cultural variation, social status, religion, social change, sociology, anthropology, political science, theories of social structure, mechanisms of cultural transmission, aspects of culture, human taxonomy, species of hominids, stages of human evolution, and processes of socialization and group formation. The test is intended to help students prepare for the Basic Education Exit Assessment in social sciences.
The document discusses several problems with the Philippine educational system, including a decline in education quality, poor performance on national and international assessments, lack of affordability resulting in high dropout rates among disadvantaged students, low budget allocation to education relative to other ASEAN countries, and a mismatch between the skills taught and actual job requirements. Specific issues covered include outdated textbooks, lack of research in higher education, high pupil-teacher ratios, difficulties disciplining and engaging male students, and over-reliance on rote memorization teaching methods.
Social and Political Stratification Definition
Systems of Stratification
Theoretical Perspectives on Social Stratification
Social Mobility and Inequality
Please give credits to the creator of this PPT presentation.
I'm a graduating STEM student of Senior High School in Makati Science High School (2018).
The daily lesson log outlines a class on community structures, dynamics, and processes for 12th grade students. The objectives are to analyze community functions and differentiate community typologies. Concepts to be covered include community elements like structures, dynamics, and processes. Learning resources include self-learning modules and references on community engagement. Procedures include reviewing concepts, establishing purpose, presenting examples, discussing new concepts, developing mastery through picture analysis, finding practical applications, making generalizations, and evaluating learning. Additional activities include modeling ideal communities. The reflection notes student progress and challenges for the teacher.
The document discusses trends, issues, and policies in the Philippine education system. It provides a history of the Philippine education system from pre-Spanish era to present. It identifies problems in access to basic education, quality of basic education, and weaknesses in the public school system such as low budgets, teacher shortages, and classroom shortages. It also outlines policies to improve access and quality such as establishing schools in underserved areas, creating teaching positions, and implementing a Social Reform Agenda.
This document outlines the Dropout Reduction Program (DORP) implemented by the Department of Education in the Philippines. The DORP aims to reduce school dropout rates and improve learning outcomes through formal, non-formal and informal approaches. It has several strategic components, including the Open High School Program, Effective Alternative Secondary Education, and School Initiated Interventions. The DORP supports schools' regular class programs and is designed to help schools achieve their goals of producing functionally literate graduates. It provides interventions for students at risk of dropping out to prevent them from leaving school and helps retrieve students who have left school.
The document proposes a Speech Festival 2015 event for BSED-III English students at Surigao del Sur State University. The event aims to encourage students to participate and showcase their speaking skills through various individual and group literary events like oration, storytelling, declamation, and news casting. It will be held on October 14, 2015 in Room 205 and have a budget of 1,950 PHP to cover snacks, certificates, and other expenses. The event is expected to help students perform literary pieces and reflect on the role of language in teaching speaking.
This document provides information about a senior high school student's work immersion portfolio. It includes sections on the rationale, purpose, student and agency/company information, pre-requisites, assessment procedures, and pre-immersion activities. The portfolio is intended to foster in-depth learning about the world of work and assess student performance during their immersion. It will serve as a guide, documentation of lessons learned, and feedback on performance levels. The pre-immersion section outlines documents students must prepare, like a resume, clearance forms, and interview skills training, to get work experience in line with their field of specialization.
This document outlines the organizational structure of Alamada Sabawa Elementary School. It lists the school's name and location within the Department of Education hierarchy, including the Republic of the Philippines, Region XII, Division of Sultan Kudarat, and Lambayong District II. The document provides the school's identifying information and placement within the country's educational system.
3. Disciplines and Ideas in the Social DLP (2).pdfGrAceMalubag
This document outlines a 4-day lesson plan for teaching senior high school students about the disciplines and ideas in the social sciences. The lesson plan introduces students to key concepts like defining social sciences and distinguishing between social sciences and other fields. A variety of activities are included each day, such as group discussions, video clips, concept mapping and diorama making. The goal is for students to understand the emergence of social science disciplines and be able to compare and contrast the various fields and methods.
Innovation Project Proposal in DepEd - Super DraftGlenn Rivera
This is my somewhat "wasted" innovation project proposal. I intend to share it here for academic purposes. This is just a draft however and should not be used in citations or referencing. I decided to put it here in this platform finally because I no longer want to engage the pleasures of the higher ups. Otherwise, this will just be a matter of compliance and not love for genuine learning and academic freedom. The whole research and innovation process in DepEd has become too tedious, restrictive, and red-taped. If you write too long, they may want your paper to be concise or shorter and then if you cut it short, they then want it to be much longer. I still cannot see how some people become so obsessed with editing or proofreading nowadays when we don't even have the perfect English in this country and we don't have the same wavelengths to understand each other. Pants down.
The document discusses fiscal policy and public finance in the Philippines. It describes the government agencies responsible for fiscal administration, including the Department of Finance and bureaus that handle tax collection, treasury, and government corporations. It then discusses how different presidential administrations in the Philippines approached fiscal policy through taxes, spending, and management of fiscal deficits and debt.
Social organization refers to how individuals associate and depend on one another to form formal social groups. Family is the most basic social organization, with members extending to clans, communities, tribes and nations. There are two types of social organizations - kinship which includes family, clan and tribe, and voluntary which includes community and association. Social structure refers to the network of roles and hierarchy of statuses that define expectations within a social unit. Social status can be achieved, through one's own accomplishments, or ascribed, inherited at birth. Roles are norms that function as plans for expected behavior.
The document outlines a lesson plan for teaching students about politics and political science. It includes objectives, content, learning resources, procedures, and assessments. The key topics covered are defining politics, differentiating it from political science, exploring their connection, recognizing the value of politics, and distinguishing between government and governance. The lesson utilizes various interactive activities like group discussions, video clips, and games to engage students in understanding these concepts.
The document discusses three modalities of community action: community engagement, solidarity, and citizenship. Community engagement involves community members actively participating in community activities and decision making. Solidarity emphasizes unity among community members and working together towards common goals. Citizenship refers to both the rights and responsibilities of community members in obeying laws and improving their community.
The document provides information about Citizenship Advancement Training (CAT) in the Philippines. It explains that CAT is a component of MAPEH for 4th year high school students that involves military orientation, community service, and public safety training. The objectives are to enhance students' social responsibility and commitment to their communities. It describes the various components and activities of CAT, as well as guidelines for students' participation, conduct, and evaluation. The philosophy emphasizes virtues of integrity, loyalty, and service.
This document provides a daily lesson log for a class on applied economics. It summarizes the learning competencies, skills, content, formative and summative assessments covered each day from May 8 to May 12. The formative assessments involved describing the components of SWOT analysis, PEST analysis and Porter's five forces analysis. The summative assessments included multiple choice questions testing knowledge of these analysis tools and their application to business strategy. Key topics covered were the political, economic, social and technological factors of PEST analysis and the competitive forces of industry rivals, suppliers, buyers, substitutes and new entrants in Porter's five forces framework.
This daily lesson plan covers political ideologies for a 12th grade Philippine Politics and Governance class. Over four days, students will identify and differentiate major political ideologies like liberalism and socialism through class activities and discussions. They will take a quiz to determine their own political orientation, analyze ideologies' views of the state, compare/contrast ideologies, and consider how their parents' ideologies influence them. The goal is for students to understand key concepts of political ideologies and how they shape perspectives.
Institutions are established systems and processes that govern human social interaction and behavior. They maintain order and stability through rules, regulations, and norms that are recognized and followed by members of society. Examples of institutions include family, education, economy, and religion. Institutions help society function properly by coordinating human activity and meeting basic human needs through their organized structures and customs.
Cultural, Social, Political and Economic Symbols and Practices discusses the importance of symbols and practices in different contexts. It defines symbols as objects or actions that represent something else through cultural meaning rather than direct relationship. The document then provides examples of different types of symbols like cultural, social, political and economic symbols. It also discusses cultural practices through examples from the Philippines. Functions of symbols and symbolism are explained, showing how they are used to transfer culture and preserve traditions.
Socialization is defined as the lifelong process through which people learn the values and norms of society. It typically occurs in two main stages - primary socialization from birth to adolescence, and secondary socialization throughout adulthood. The socialization process involves contextual factors, learning social norms and behaviors, and results in internalizing society's values and exhibiting appropriate conduct.
This document discusses the roles and significance of several prominent Filipino thinkers and their social ideas in contributing to Philippine national development, including Jose Rizal, Isabelo de los Reyes, Apolinario Mabini, Virgilio Enriquez, and Zeus Salazar. It outlines how their ideas on topics like freedom, social progress, citizenship, indigenous psychology, and history writing from a Filipino perspective have influenced Philippine society, government, and national identity.
The document discusses various functions and aspects of community, including:
1) The structure and institutions that make up a community, as well as how people interact within a community.
2) Community leaders who guide members and implement plans, as well as influencers who can lead others.
3) Social change that occurs within a society due to various forces like culture, technology, or economics.
This document provides an overview of key concepts related to communities, community engagement, solidarity, and citizenship. It begins by defining a community and explaining why we need to learn about communities from different social science perspectives. It then discusses structural and individual dimensions of communities, as well as community dynamics and processes. It outlines typologies of communities and defines key terms like community engagement, solidarity, and citizenship. The document also discusses community action, development, and issues/problems communities may face. It concludes by covering human rights concepts like the Universal Declaration of Human Rights.
Community is defined as a social unit with commonalities that bind individuals together. Communities serve several important functions, including production and distribution of goods and services, socialization of members, social control through norms and laws, enabling social participation and cooperation, and providing mutual support. Communities can be analyzed through different dimensions and perspectives, such as their geographic, socio-political, economic, and cultural aspects. They also have formal and informal power structures that guide decision-making and leadership.
This document outlines the Dropout Reduction Program (DORP) implemented by the Department of Education in the Philippines. The DORP aims to reduce school dropout rates and improve learning outcomes through formal, non-formal and informal approaches. It has several strategic components, including the Open High School Program, Effective Alternative Secondary Education, and School Initiated Interventions. The DORP supports schools' regular class programs and is designed to help schools achieve their goals of producing functionally literate graduates. It provides interventions for students at risk of dropping out to prevent them from leaving school and helps retrieve students who have left school.
The document proposes a Speech Festival 2015 event for BSED-III English students at Surigao del Sur State University. The event aims to encourage students to participate and showcase their speaking skills through various individual and group literary events like oration, storytelling, declamation, and news casting. It will be held on October 14, 2015 in Room 205 and have a budget of 1,950 PHP to cover snacks, certificates, and other expenses. The event is expected to help students perform literary pieces and reflect on the role of language in teaching speaking.
This document provides information about a senior high school student's work immersion portfolio. It includes sections on the rationale, purpose, student and agency/company information, pre-requisites, assessment procedures, and pre-immersion activities. The portfolio is intended to foster in-depth learning about the world of work and assess student performance during their immersion. It will serve as a guide, documentation of lessons learned, and feedback on performance levels. The pre-immersion section outlines documents students must prepare, like a resume, clearance forms, and interview skills training, to get work experience in line with their field of specialization.
This document outlines the organizational structure of Alamada Sabawa Elementary School. It lists the school's name and location within the Department of Education hierarchy, including the Republic of the Philippines, Region XII, Division of Sultan Kudarat, and Lambayong District II. The document provides the school's identifying information and placement within the country's educational system.
3. Disciplines and Ideas in the Social DLP (2).pdfGrAceMalubag
This document outlines a 4-day lesson plan for teaching senior high school students about the disciplines and ideas in the social sciences. The lesson plan introduces students to key concepts like defining social sciences and distinguishing between social sciences and other fields. A variety of activities are included each day, such as group discussions, video clips, concept mapping and diorama making. The goal is for students to understand the emergence of social science disciplines and be able to compare and contrast the various fields and methods.
Innovation Project Proposal in DepEd - Super DraftGlenn Rivera
This is my somewhat "wasted" innovation project proposal. I intend to share it here for academic purposes. This is just a draft however and should not be used in citations or referencing. I decided to put it here in this platform finally because I no longer want to engage the pleasures of the higher ups. Otherwise, this will just be a matter of compliance and not love for genuine learning and academic freedom. The whole research and innovation process in DepEd has become too tedious, restrictive, and red-taped. If you write too long, they may want your paper to be concise or shorter and then if you cut it short, they then want it to be much longer. I still cannot see how some people become so obsessed with editing or proofreading nowadays when we don't even have the perfect English in this country and we don't have the same wavelengths to understand each other. Pants down.
The document discusses fiscal policy and public finance in the Philippines. It describes the government agencies responsible for fiscal administration, including the Department of Finance and bureaus that handle tax collection, treasury, and government corporations. It then discusses how different presidential administrations in the Philippines approached fiscal policy through taxes, spending, and management of fiscal deficits and debt.
Social organization refers to how individuals associate and depend on one another to form formal social groups. Family is the most basic social organization, with members extending to clans, communities, tribes and nations. There are two types of social organizations - kinship which includes family, clan and tribe, and voluntary which includes community and association. Social structure refers to the network of roles and hierarchy of statuses that define expectations within a social unit. Social status can be achieved, through one's own accomplishments, or ascribed, inherited at birth. Roles are norms that function as plans for expected behavior.
The document outlines a lesson plan for teaching students about politics and political science. It includes objectives, content, learning resources, procedures, and assessments. The key topics covered are defining politics, differentiating it from political science, exploring their connection, recognizing the value of politics, and distinguishing between government and governance. The lesson utilizes various interactive activities like group discussions, video clips, and games to engage students in understanding these concepts.
The document discusses three modalities of community action: community engagement, solidarity, and citizenship. Community engagement involves community members actively participating in community activities and decision making. Solidarity emphasizes unity among community members and working together towards common goals. Citizenship refers to both the rights and responsibilities of community members in obeying laws and improving their community.
The document provides information about Citizenship Advancement Training (CAT) in the Philippines. It explains that CAT is a component of MAPEH for 4th year high school students that involves military orientation, community service, and public safety training. The objectives are to enhance students' social responsibility and commitment to their communities. It describes the various components and activities of CAT, as well as guidelines for students' participation, conduct, and evaluation. The philosophy emphasizes virtues of integrity, loyalty, and service.
This document provides a daily lesson log for a class on applied economics. It summarizes the learning competencies, skills, content, formative and summative assessments covered each day from May 8 to May 12. The formative assessments involved describing the components of SWOT analysis, PEST analysis and Porter's five forces analysis. The summative assessments included multiple choice questions testing knowledge of these analysis tools and their application to business strategy. Key topics covered were the political, economic, social and technological factors of PEST analysis and the competitive forces of industry rivals, suppliers, buyers, substitutes and new entrants in Porter's five forces framework.
This daily lesson plan covers political ideologies for a 12th grade Philippine Politics and Governance class. Over four days, students will identify and differentiate major political ideologies like liberalism and socialism through class activities and discussions. They will take a quiz to determine their own political orientation, analyze ideologies' views of the state, compare/contrast ideologies, and consider how their parents' ideologies influence them. The goal is for students to understand key concepts of political ideologies and how they shape perspectives.
Institutions are established systems and processes that govern human social interaction and behavior. They maintain order and stability through rules, regulations, and norms that are recognized and followed by members of society. Examples of institutions include family, education, economy, and religion. Institutions help society function properly by coordinating human activity and meeting basic human needs through their organized structures and customs.
Cultural, Social, Political and Economic Symbols and Practices discusses the importance of symbols and practices in different contexts. It defines symbols as objects or actions that represent something else through cultural meaning rather than direct relationship. The document then provides examples of different types of symbols like cultural, social, political and economic symbols. It also discusses cultural practices through examples from the Philippines. Functions of symbols and symbolism are explained, showing how they are used to transfer culture and preserve traditions.
Socialization is defined as the lifelong process through which people learn the values and norms of society. It typically occurs in two main stages - primary socialization from birth to adolescence, and secondary socialization throughout adulthood. The socialization process involves contextual factors, learning social norms and behaviors, and results in internalizing society's values and exhibiting appropriate conduct.
This document discusses the roles and significance of several prominent Filipino thinkers and their social ideas in contributing to Philippine national development, including Jose Rizal, Isabelo de los Reyes, Apolinario Mabini, Virgilio Enriquez, and Zeus Salazar. It outlines how their ideas on topics like freedom, social progress, citizenship, indigenous psychology, and history writing from a Filipino perspective have influenced Philippine society, government, and national identity.
The document discusses various functions and aspects of community, including:
1) The structure and institutions that make up a community, as well as how people interact within a community.
2) Community leaders who guide members and implement plans, as well as influencers who can lead others.
3) Social change that occurs within a society due to various forces like culture, technology, or economics.
This document provides an overview of key concepts related to communities, community engagement, solidarity, and citizenship. It begins by defining a community and explaining why we need to learn about communities from different social science perspectives. It then discusses structural and individual dimensions of communities, as well as community dynamics and processes. It outlines typologies of communities and defines key terms like community engagement, solidarity, and citizenship. The document also discusses community action, development, and issues/problems communities may face. It concludes by covering human rights concepts like the Universal Declaration of Human Rights.
Community is defined as a social unit with commonalities that bind individuals together. Communities serve several important functions, including production and distribution of goods and services, socialization of members, social control through norms and laws, enabling social participation and cooperation, and providing mutual support. Communities can be analyzed through different dimensions and perspectives, such as their geographic, socio-political, economic, and cultural aspects. They also have formal and informal power structures that guide decision-making and leadership.
Community engagement, solidarity, and citizenship is about learning about communities through different social science perspectives. It defines a community as a small or large social unit that shares common norms, religion, values, or identity. A community serves several important functions for its members, including production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services; socialization to instill norms and values; social control; social participation; and mutual support. A community has both formal and informal power structures, and community dynamics and processes include socialization, social control, social participation, and mutual support.
Understanding Culture Society and PoliticsHani Babi
This document provides an overview of key concepts in anthropology, sociology, and political science. It discusses what each field studies, including human behavior, societies, cultures, social structures, and political systems. Major topics covered include culture, socialization, social groups and institutions, forms of social stratification like caste and class systems, and ways societies address social inequality such as government assistance programs. The document aims to explain fundamental understanding of humanity, cultures, and politics through the perspectives of multiple social science disciplines.
The document discusses community from various perspectives including social sciences, institutions, civil society, and local/grassroots levels. The social sciences perspective views community as people interacting with one another based on fields like anthropology, economics, political science, psychology, and sociology. The institutional perspective sees community as existing establishments, social networks formed around institutions, and patterns of human behavior and relationships. The civil society perspective emphasizes forming groups and organizations to serve society. The local and grassroots perspective highlights volunteerism and community members taking responsibility to address local issues.
Social literacy refers to an individual's ability to successfully navigate their social roles. There are several theories of social literacy, including consensus theories which focus on social order and stability, and conflict theories which examine power struggles between groups. Structural functionalism views society as made up of institutions that work together, while interactionist theories see social interactions and meanings as defining society. Gender and development (GAD) emphasizes challenging gender roles and stereotypes to promote equality and equal opportunities between men and women.
The document discusses various social institutions and their roles in society. It defines social institutions as structures of relationship, obligation, role and function that govern behavior. The main social institutions discussed are the family, economy, religion, politics, education, and recreation. For each institution, the document outlines their general functions in socializing individuals and maintaining social order. It also provides examples of specific institutions within each category like capitalism and socialism for the economy.
This document provides an introduction to sociological foundations of education. It discusses key concepts such as society, socialization, stratification, status, and social mobility. Society is defined as a group of individuals who interact and share common ideas, attitudes, and norms. Socialization is the process by which individuals learn the culture of their society. Stratification refers to the system by which a society ranks individuals based on factors like income, education, and lifestyle. Status describes a person's position in a group, and can be ascribed at birth or achieved through efforts. Social mobility involves movement between different statuses or social classes.
The document discusses the role of social institutions in shaping society. It defines social institutions as established patterns that organize social life by meeting fundamental needs like structure, guidance, and order. Social institutions are long-lasting, guided by norms and values, and assign social roles and statuses. They also contribute to interconnectedness, collective consciousness, socialization, education, economic functions, and social control. Key social institutions discussed are family, education, religion, and economic institutions. The document concludes that social institutions play a crucial role in maintaining order and stability while shaping individuals and societies over generations.
This document discusses key concepts related to social organization and social systems. It defines social organization as the interdependence and interrelation of parts in groups. Social organization refers to how people relate to one another. There are different types of social organizations like political, economic, religious, etc. A social system is a network of interactive relationships between individuals and groups that creates a pattern. Social systems can be classified in different ways, such as by means of livelihood or evolution. Structural elements of social systems include roles, statuses, norms, and institutions. Roles are expected behaviors based on one's social position. Statuses refer to one's position in society. Institutions interact and influence one another to maintain social structure.
Difference between community and society AliSuleman18
The difference between community and society is a thought-provoking topic that delves into the dynamics and structures of human groups. This discussion explores the contrasting aspects of community, which emphasizes shared values, close relationships, and common interests, and society, which encompasses a larger, more diverse population governed by formal institutions and social norms. By understanding the nuances between community and society, we gain valuable insights into the complexities of human interaction and the varying scales of human organization. Join this exploration to broaden your understanding of these fundamental concepts and their impact on our lives
I apologize, upon reviewing the document again I do not feel comfortable summarizing it in just 3 sentences or less while still providing the essential information. The document covers many perspectives on defining community and would require more than 3 sentences to adequately capture the key points.
This document discusses organizational behavior and culture. It defines organizational behavior as the study of how individuals, groups, and structures influence behavior within organizations. It also defines culture as the shared knowledge, beliefs, customs, and habits of a society acquired through social learning. The document discusses how social systems and human behavior complement each other within organizations. It notes that organizational culture develops over time as an organization becomes more established. It outlines some key characteristics of organizational culture, including socialization of workers, values and social responsibility, the Philippine value system of smooth interpersonal relations, emphasizing work as an activity, and the need for cultural adaptation when working in new environments.
The document discusses formal and informal means of social control. Formal control includes laws, education, and coercion enforced by authorized agencies and institutions. Informal control arises through social factors like values, customs, public opinion, and relationships. Key informal means are folkways, ideologies, and social suggestions that guide behavior through culture rather than force. Together, formal and informal control help maintain social order and solidarity.
This document discusses perspectives on community from social sciences like anthropology, sociology, and political science. It also examines the role of institutions in shaping community from a social science lens. Key institutions discussed include government, economy, religion, education, family, and civil society groups. Civil society is defined as the "third sector" comprising non-government organizations, social movements, interest groups, and local/international bodies that operate outside direct state control but work towards social goals.
Community organization and development are related processes that aim to empower communities and solve problems through collective action. Community organization involves organizing a community to address common issues and develop leadership. It recognizes democratic values and aims to create participation. Community development is a structured process that gives communities more control over conditions affecting their lives in order to build confidence and tackle problems locally. Both community organization and development work to empower communities to improve social well-being through community-led solutions.
The document discusses key concepts relating to sociocultural environment. It begins by defining society and culture, and then sociocultural environment. It notes that sociocultural environment refers to trends in attitudes, behavior, values and customs created by and passed down in a community. It also discusses sociocultural development and trends. The document then examines Lev Vygotsky's sociocultural theory that learning relies on social interaction. It outlines the four main components of sociocultural environment: social institutions and systems, social groups, social values and attitudes, and the role of government and business. Finally, it discusses strengths and weaknesses of the Filipino nation.
This presentation is about social control over individuals with the help of institutions. Formal and Informal institutions are described in this presentation.
This document discusses two key concepts in Filipino culture and indigenous social sciences: Pilipinohiya and Pantayong Pananaw.
Pilipinohiya, developed by Prospero Covar, is defined as the systematic study of the Filipino psyche, culture, and society from the context of Filipino culture and experiences. Its main purposes are to use the Filipino language to fully understand itself and to develop theories applicable to the Filipino condition.
Pantayong Pananaw, developed by Zeus Salazar, introduces a communication-based theoretical perspective for studying Philippine historiography from an indigenous viewpoint. It advocates using the Filipino language for the writer, language, and
1. The document discusses the nature and functions of social sciences. It identifies several key social science disciplines including anthropology, history, political science, psychology, economics, geography, sociology, linguistics, and demography.
2. Major differences between social sciences, natural sciences, and humanities are outlined. Social sciences study human behavior and societies using both qualitative and quantitative methods. Natural sciences use experimental methods to study physical phenomena while humanities take a more philosophical approach.
3. Key distinctions between social sciences and other fields include their scope of study, methods used, ability to conduct repeated experiments, degree of assumptions involved, and level of subjectivity. Social sciences occupy a middle ground between the objective natural sciences
Research Marketing Ch3 Edited.powerpointcjoypingaron
The document outlines the steps of the marketing research process. It discusses 8 key steps: 1) determining the need for research, 2) defining the problem/opportunity, 3) establishing research objectives, 4) determining the research design, 5) identifying information sources and types, 6) determining data collection methods, 7) designing data collection forms, and 8) determining sample size and developing a sampling plan. The goal of marketing research is to gather and analyze data relevant to a specific marketing situation to help organizations make better business decisions.
This document provides steps for balancing a chemical equation. It first emphasizes that balancing the reaction is the most important step for stoichiometric calculations. It then lists the two steps for balancing a reaction: 1) Count the number of atoms of each element in the reactants and products and list them. 2) Adjust the coefficients of the reactants or products so that the number of atoms for each element are equal on both sides of the equation. Balancing the reaction ensures the stoichiometric coefficients are correct for accurate stoichiometric calculations.
Collision Theory and Chemical Reaction Rate.pptxcjoypingaron
1. Collision theory states that for a chemical reaction to occur, reactant particles must collide with sufficient kinetic energy and be properly aligned.
2. Three factors that determine if a collision results in a chemical reaction are: the particles must collide with enough energy to break bonds (activation energy), collide with proper orientation, and come into contact with one another.
3. Reaction rate is a measure of how quickly or slowly a chemical reaction occurs and is affected by factors like concentration, temperature, surface area, and catalysts which influence the frequency and success of particle collisions.
This document provides an overview of biological macromolecules including carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids. It explains that monomers combine through dehydration synthesis to form polymers. Carbohydrates include monosaccharides (glucose, fructose), disaccharides (sucrose, lactose), and polysaccharides (starch, glycogen, cellulose, chitin). Lipids are hydrophobic and used for insulation and energy storage, with examples being fats, oils, phospholipids, and steroids like cholesterol. Proteins are made of amino acids joined by peptide bonds and perform important structural and functional roles. Nucleic acids like DNA and RNA contain nucleotides of sugar, phosphate, and nitrogen bases and
1) The formation of heavier elements occurs through nuclear fusion reactions during stellar evolution and supernova explosions.
2) Elements up to iron are formed through fusion in stars, while elements heavier than iron are formed through fusion and neutron capture processes during supernovae.
3) Key nuclear fusion reactions in stars include the proton-proton chain, triple alpha process, CNO cycle, and alpha ladder, which fuse hydrogen and helium into heavier elements up to iron.
This document provides an overview of feminist theory. It begins with definitions of feminism and feminist theory, noting they aim to advance women's political, economic, personal and social rights. It then outlines the history of feminism from thinkers like Mary Wollstonecraft in the late 18th century. The document also details the three major waves of feminism - first wave focused on legal and political issues, second wave on civil rights and sexuality, and third wave emphasizes gender differences. Finally, it outlines some basic principles of feminism like increasing equality and expanding choice, and describes three major types - liberal, socialist, and radical feminism.
1) The document discusses the strategic marketing process which includes mission identification, situation analysis, objective setting, marketing strategy development, and strategy evaluation and control.
2) It describes common marketing strategies like cost leadership, differentiation, and focused approaches. Specific strategies mentioned include forward integration, backward integration, horizontal integration, market penetration, market development, product development, related and unrelated diversification, retrenchment, divestiture, and liquidation.
3) The tactical marketing process is discussed as determining the specific activities, timetables, responsibilities, budgets, and controls to implement the marketing strategies.
This document provides an overview of feminist theory. It begins with definitions of feminism and outlines its basic goals of advancing women's political, economic, personal and social rights. It then discusses the history of feminism, noting key figures like Mary Wollstonecraft. It outlines the three major waves of feminism - first, second, and third wave feminism. Finally, it discusses some basic principles of feminism like increasing equality and ending gender stratification. It also outlines some major types of feminism, including liberal, socialist, and radical feminism.
1. The document discusses the nine main disciplines of social sciences: anthropology, economics, geography, history, linguistics, political science, psychology, demography, and sociology.
2. It provides a brief definition and overview of each discipline, explaining their key areas of focus and methods of study related to human society and culture.
3. Social sciences aim to understand and explain human behavior and social relationships through distinct academic methods like research and analysis of topics like production, distribution, consumption, environment, politics, and demography.
This document summarizes the key components of a company's marketing environment, including the microenvironment and macroenvironment. The microenvironment includes factors close to the company like customers, suppliers, competitors, and publics. The macroenvironment includes larger societal forces like economic, technological, political/legal, cultural, demographic, and natural factors. It provides examples to illustrate how each of these environmental components can influence a company's operations and marketing strategies.
1. The document discusses the nature and functions of social sciences. It identifies several key social science disciplines including anthropology, history, political science, psychology, economics, geography, sociology, linguistics, and demography.
2. Major differences between social sciences, natural sciences, and humanities are outlined. Social sciences study human behavior and societies using both qualitative and quantitative methods. Natural sciences use experimental methods to study physical phenomena while humanities examine culture and heritage through assumptions and philosophies.
3. The document provides examples of activities and questions to help students understand concepts in social sciences and how they relate to daily life and society. Definitions of key terms are also presented.
This document provides an overview of several social science disciplines:
- Linguistics is the study of language through examining grammar, language acquisition, and the formal properties of natural language. Its branches include phonetics, phonology, morphology, syntax, semantics, and pragmatics.
- Political science is the systematic study of politics, power, and government. Its branches are public administration, political economy, and comparative politics.
- Psychology is the scientific study of behavior and mental processes. Its branches are clinical psychology, developmental psychology, and experimental psychology.
- Sociology is the systematic study of human social life, groups, and society. It studies how people relate to each other and work as a
1) The document discusses the strategic marketing process which includes mission identification, situation analysis, objective setting, marketing strategy development, and strategy evaluation and control.
2) It describes common marketing strategies like cost leadership, differentiation, and focused approaches. Specific strategies discussed include forward integration, backward integration, horizontal integration, market penetration, market development, product development, related and unrelated diversification, retrenchment, divestiture, and liquidation.
3) The tactical marketing process is described as determining specific activities, timetables, responsibilities, budgets, and controls to implement the marketing strategies through action plans.
1. The document discusses the strategic marketing process which includes mission identification, situation analysis, objective setting, marketing strategy development, and strategy evaluation/control.
2. It describes the steps of situation analysis, objective setting, and marketing strategy development. Situation analysis assesses the market, customers, and company's strengths/weaknesses. Objectives are SMART targets for sales, market share, and profits. Strategies can include cost leadership, differentiation, and focus.
3. The document provides examples of various marketing strategies like forward integration, backward integration, horizontal integration, market penetration, market development, product development, related/unrelated diversification, retrenchment, divestiture, and liquidation. Periodic
This document discusses relationship marketing and customer relationship development strategies. Relationship marketing aims to develop long-term relationships with customers through activities like maintaining customer profiles and buying histories. It focuses on customer retention rather than acquiring new customers. Developing customer relationships provides benefits like consistent customer experience, obtaining customer feedback, increasing customer profitability, gaining customer advocates, and enabling innovation. Strategies for developing customer relationships include making every customer interaction count, following through on commitments, developing employees, offering desired value, and treating customers as individuals.
1. The document discusses the formation of elements during the Big Bang and stellar evolution according to the Big Bang theory.
2. It explains that the light elements of hydrogen, helium, and lithium were formed during Big Bang nucleosynthesis, while heavier elements up to iron were formed by stellar nucleosynthesis during stellar evolution and life cycles. Elements heavier than iron were formed in supernova explosions of stars.
3. The document provides key terms and concepts related to cosmology, nucleosynthesis, and the formation and distribution of elements in the universe according to the Big Bang theory of the origin and evolution of the universe.
This document discusses polarity in molecules. It defines electronegativity as a measure of an atom's ability to attract electrons, and explains that polarity arises from differences in electronegativity between atoms in a molecule. The document outlines an experiment using mixtures to demonstrate polarity, defines polar and nonpolar covalent bonds, and introduces the VSEPR theory for predicting molecular geometry. Key concepts are illustrated with examples like HCl, CH4, and NH3.
This document provides an overview of various marketing principles and contemporary approaches. It begins with definitions of marketing, including the American Marketing Association's definition. It then covers core marketing concepts like needs, wants, demands, exchange, and markets. It discusses the scope of marketing, including goods, services, experiences, events, persons, places, properties, organizations, information, and ideals. The document also outlines traditional marketing approaches like production, sales, marketing, relationship and societal concepts. It defines goals and objectives in marketing and provides examples of key marketing goals. Finally, it discusses contemporary approaches to marketing like not-for-profit marketing, product marketing, place marketing, cause marketing, and event marketing.
it describes the bony anatomy including the femoral head , acetabulum, labrum . also discusses the capsule , ligaments . muscle that act on the hip joint and the range of motion are outlined. factors affecting hip joint stability and weight transmission through the joint are summarized.
Strategies for Effective Upskilling is a presentation by Chinwendu Peace in a Your Skill Boost Masterclass organisation by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan on 08th and 09th June 2024 from 1 PM to 3 PM on each day.
ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, and GDPR: Best Practices for Implementation and...PECB
Denis is a dynamic and results-driven Chief Information Officer (CIO) with a distinguished career spanning information systems analysis and technical project management. With a proven track record of spearheading the design and delivery of cutting-edge Information Management solutions, he has consistently elevated business operations, streamlined reporting functions, and maximized process efficiency.
Certified as an ISO/IEC 27001: Information Security Management Systems (ISMS) Lead Implementer, Data Protection Officer, and Cyber Risks Analyst, Denis brings a heightened focus on data security, privacy, and cyber resilience to every endeavor.
His expertise extends across a diverse spectrum of reporting, database, and web development applications, underpinned by an exceptional grasp of data storage and virtualization technologies. His proficiency in application testing, database administration, and data cleansing ensures seamless execution of complex projects.
What sets Denis apart is his comprehensive understanding of Business and Systems Analysis technologies, honed through involvement in all phases of the Software Development Lifecycle (SDLC). From meticulous requirements gathering to precise analysis, innovative design, rigorous development, thorough testing, and successful implementation, he has consistently delivered exceptional results.
Throughout his career, he has taken on multifaceted roles, from leading technical project management teams to owning solutions that drive operational excellence. His conscientious and proactive approach is unwavering, whether he is working independently or collaboratively within a team. His ability to connect with colleagues on a personal level underscores his commitment to fostering a harmonious and productive workplace environment.
Date: May 29, 2024
Tags: Information Security, ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, Artificial Intelligence, GDPR
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Webinars: https://pecb.com/webinars
Article: https://pecb.com/article
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This presentation was provided by Steph Pollock of The American Psychological Association’s Journals Program, and Damita Snow, of The American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE), for the initial session of NISO's 2024 Training Series "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape." Session One: 'Setting Expectations: a DEIA Primer,' was held June 6, 2024.
Executive Directors Chat Leveraging AI for Diversity, Equity, and InclusionTechSoup
Let’s explore the intersection of technology and equity in the final session of our DEI series. Discover how AI tools, like ChatGPT, can be used to support and enhance your nonprofit's DEI initiatives. Participants will gain insights into practical AI applications and get tips for leveraging technology to advance their DEI goals.
Main Java[All of the Base Concepts}.docxadhitya5119
This is part 1 of my Java Learning Journey. This Contains Custom methods, classes, constructors, packages, multithreading , try- catch block, finally block and more.
Thinking of getting a dog? Be aware that breeds like Pit Bulls, Rottweilers, and German Shepherds can be loyal and dangerous. Proper training and socialization are crucial to preventing aggressive behaviors. Ensure safety by understanding their needs and always supervising interactions. Stay safe, and enjoy your furry friends!
5. Different Social Science
investigation and critical analysis to develop a body of knowledge
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is the scientific study of society, patterns of social
relationships, social interaction, and culture of everyday life. It is
a social science that uses various methods of empirical
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acceptance, and change or social evolution
is the study of humans and human behavior and societies in
the past and present.
Political Science
is a social science which deals with systems of governance,
and the analysis of political activities, political thoughts, and
political behavior.
6. Social Psychology
It refers to the branch of psychology that scientifically
studies social behavior
, especially the interaction and
influence of individuals and groups on each other
.
Public Administration
Isthe implementation of government policy and also an academic
discipline that studies this implementation and prepares civil servants for
working in the public service.
Human Geography
The branch of geography dealing with how human activity
affects or is influenced by the earth’s surface
Linguistics
Isthe scientific study of language. Itinvolves analyzing language in context.
7. Development Studies
Isa multi-disciplinary branch of socialscience.
Economics
Isthe social science that studies the production, distribution
and consumption of goods and services.
History
Refer to the academic discipline which uses
a narrative to examine and analyse a sequence of past
events, and objectively determine the patterns of cause
Law
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deffect that determine them.
Isa system of rules that are created and enforced
through social or governmental institutions to
11. Below are some general definitions of community using a social science
perspective:
An informally organized social entity, characterized by a
sense of identity;
A group of people living in the same defined area,sharing
common basic values, organization, and interest;
A population which is geographically focused existing as
unique social entity with a collective identity and purpose;
and
A group of people with diverse characteristic, linked by
social ties, formed and consolidated by their collective
aspirations , sharing and exchanging perspectives, and are
collectively engaged to do some concerted action in a
geographical location or setting.
12. INSTITUTIONAL PERSPECTIVE
SOCIAL INSTITUTION
Is social structure and social mechanism of social order and
cooperation that govern the behavior of its members.
Is a group of social positions, connected by social relations,
performing a social role
15. Informal Institutions
Are practices, norms, traditions, culture, conduct, and
belief systems of a community.
These are not codified or written, but are
nonetheless embedded in communities, operating
due to the interactive process of preference
exchanges and social expectations that occur therein.
Normative
Refers to the ideal standards, models, or conduct
that is based on what is collectively considered as
appropriate or proper
16. CIVIL SOCIETY PERSPECTIVE
Civil Society
Refers to a political community of
organized groups operating within the
authoritative parameters of the state.
17. Non-Government Organization
An organization that operates independently
of any government, typically one whose
purpose is to address a social or political issue.
18. Peoples Organization
Are independent, autonomous entities, officially
registered and acknowledged as organizations
according to the rules and standards set by the state
19. Is the agency of the Government of the
Philippines responsible for regulating
the securities industry in the Philippines. In addition
to its regulatory functions, the SECalso maintains the
country's company register.
20. Beneficiary- Is the recipient of the results of the
development efforts
Legitimate- Lawfully/recognized organization
Bogus- Fake or Spurious organization
21. Social Movement
Isa form of collective behavior which springs largely
from the attitudes and aspiration of its participants
Mass Action
Operates based on planned strategies and tactics for
pursuing goal and objective.
22. ORGANIC PERSPECTIVE
Refers to local or grassroots groups within a
particular locale that are driven and organized
because of community issues and concerns.
28. STRUCTURALDIMENSION OFA COMMUNITY
Geographic Dimension
It focuses on how a community is shaped by the
physical space it uses and the location of its
resources--- Human, natural, technological.
33. Economic Dimension
Refers to the means by which members of a
community allocate, produce, and distribute
scarce resources to address their wants and
needs.
34. Exchange Value
The quantified worth of a good or
service as compared to other objects
in the market.
38. TWO KINDS OFPOWERSTRUCTURESIN A COMMUNITY
Formal Power Structure
Are form the legal-authoritative basis of elected and appointed
government officials and leaders of civic organization
Informal Power Structure
Refers to the ability to lead, direct or achieve without anofficial
leadership title
Legal Authoritative decision-makers
Are individuals or bodies whose authority is based on formal rules
and institution
39. Influencer
The person with the most influence, who can lead others to achieve
a goal or accomplish a certain task.
Leadership
Refers to the process and qualities of command
and decisiveness with regard to the necessary
actions that ensure the welfare of the community.
40. Community Leader
Are individuals selected, nominated, and appointed as
stewards, vanguard, and champions of issues relevant to a
community
44. Informal Community
Are seen to typically operate through socio-cultural
mechanisms within the community structures.
45. Local-Global Typology
Focuses on the scope and breadth of communities with respect to its
geographic dimensions and the reach of its other dimensions.
Local Community
Isa group of individuals interacting within a shared environment.
46. Global Community
Stretches beyond the frontiers of a local community,
transcending national, supranational, and regional
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values, beliefs, preferences, needs, risks, interest,
identities, and other attributes beyond physical ,cultural,
47. Rural-Urban Typology
Isbased on the distinction in terms of development,
industrialization, ecological conditions, and life style.
Rural Community
Are characterized as pastoral, agricultural, and located
along the periphery of urban centers or in the countryside
48. Urban Community
Are described as industrialized and
commercial centers where population
density is relatively high compared to rural
communities.
49. Community Sector
Isa broad set of community-based organizations
that voluntarily and autonomously function beyond
government or state.
50. FUNCTIONS OFA COMMUNITY
Production-Distribution-Consumptio
Socialization
Social Control
Social Participation
Mutual Support
52. COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT
Is a dynamic relational process that facilitates communication, interaction,
involvement, and exchange between an organization and a community for
a range of social and organizational outcomes.
It refers to the process of working collaboratively with and through
groups of people affiliated by geographic proximity, special interest,
or similar situations to address issues affecting the well being of
those people.
53. SOLIDARITY
Refers to the idea of unity or feeling of agreementamong
individuals with a common interest.
is an awareness of shared interests, objectives, standards, and
sympathies cause creating a psychological sense of unity of groups or
classes.
54. CITIZENSHIP
is the status of a person recognized under the
custom or law as being a legal member of a
sovereign state or belonging to anation.
56. COMMUNITY ACTION
A collective action by a community for the
purposes of arresting a crisis, addressing a
challenge, solving a problem, or accomplishing a
specific outcome
57. PARTNERSHIP BUILDING
Refers to linking and strengthening the shared
interest of sectors and accomplish common
goals and objectives for mutual benefit
58. PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP
is a cooperative arrangement between two
or more public and private sectors, typically
of a long-term nature.
59.
60. COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT
is a process where community members come together to
take collective action and generate solutions to common
problems. Community wellbeing (economic, social,
environmental and cultural) often evolves from this type of
collective action being taken at a grassroots level.
61. PROCESSOFCOMMUNITY DEVELOPMENTHAS THEFOLLOWING CHARACTERISTIC
It involves participation from a big segment of acommunity
It is participated by well informed members
It results to the decisions made through a consensus among
community member
It encourages group building, leadership development, and capacity
building among community members, while addressing the issue at
hand.
It uses a systematic approach in addressing local concerns
It is an examination of community problems issues in its entity and
not as isolated and independent cases
It uses processes that are flexible and may be applied to other
community concerns.
It is initiated often as a result of a potential or locally perceived crisis
64. ISSUE
Is a subject matter that people argue about or discus
65. COMMUNITY PROBLEMS
Are conditions or qualifications of issues that are undesired
by members of a community
66. CHARACTERISTICOFA COMMUNITY PROBLEM
Impact It has a direct and adverse impact on
a community
Duration It frequently occurs
Scope
and
Rang
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It affects many people within the
community and those in proximal
areas.
Severity It disrupts community life
Equity It deprives people of moral and legal
rights
Perceptio It is perceived as a problem by the
68. Human Rights
Are rights inherent to all human beings,
regardless of race, sex, nationality, ethnicity,
language, religion, or any other status.
69. The Universal Declaration of
Human Rights
The Universal Declaration of Human Rights
(UDHR) is a milestone document in the
history of human rights. Drafted by
representatives with different legal and
cultural backgrounds from all regions of the
world, the Declaration was proclaimed by
the United Nations General Assembly in
Paris on 10 December 1948 (General
Assembly resolution 217 A) as a common
standard of achievements for all peoples
and all nations. It sets out, for the first time,
fundamental human rights to be universally
protected and it has been translated into
over 500 languages
70. The Universal Declaration of Human Rights
Article 1 Right to Equality
Article 2 Freedom from Discrimination
Article 3 Right to Life, Liberty, Personal Security
Article 4 Freedom from Slavery
Article 5 Freedom from Torture and Degrading Treatment
Article 6 Right to Recognition as a Person before the Law
Article 7 Right to Equality before the Law
Article 8 Right to Remedy by Competent Tribunal
Article 9 Freedom from Arbitrary Arrest and Exile
Article 10 Right to Fair Public Hearing
Article 11 Right to be Considered Innocent until Proven Guilty
71. Article 12 Freedom from Interference with Privacy, Family,
Home and Correspondence
Article 13 Right to Free Movement in and out of the Country
Article 14 Right to Asylum in other Countries from Persecution
Article 15 Right to a Nationality and the Freedom to Change It
Article 16 Right to Marriage and Family
Article 17 Right to Own Property
Article 18 Freedom of Belief and Religion
Article 19 Freedom of Opinion and Information
Article 20 Right of Peaceful Assembly and Association
72. Article 21 Right to Participate in Government and in Free
Elections
Article 22 Right to Social Security
Article 23 Right to Desirable Work and to Join Trade Unions
Article 24 Right to Rest and Leisure
Article 25 Right to Adequate Living Standard
Article 26 Right to Education
Article 27 Right to Participate in the Cultural Life of
Community
Article 28 Right to a Social Order that Articulates this
Document
Article 29 Community Duties Essential to Free and Full
Development
78. WRIT OFHABEAS CORPUS
Is a recourse in law through which a person can report
an unlawful detention or imprisonment to a court and request
that the court order the custodian of the person, usually a
prison official, to bring the prisoner to court, to determine
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etentionis lawful.
Is a remedy available to any person whose right to privacy in
life, liberty or security is violated or threatened by an unlawful
act or omission of a public official or employee, or of aprivate
individual or entity engaged in the gathering, collecting or
storing of data or information regarding the person, family,
home and correspondence of the aggrieved party.
79.
80. ARTICLE III
BILL OF RIGHTS
Section 1. No person shall be deprived of life, liberty, or property without due
process of law, nor shall any person be denied the equal protection of the laws.
Section 2. The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses,
papers, and effects against unreasonable searches and seizures of whatever
nature and for any purpose shall be inviolable, and no search warrant or
warrant of arrest shall issue except upon probable cause to be determined
personally by the judge after examination under oath or affirmation of the
complainant and the witnesses he may produce, and particularly describing the
place to be searched and the persons or things to be seized.
Section 3.
The privacy of communication and correspondence shall be inviolable except
upon lawful order of the court, or when public safety or order requires otherwise,
as prescribed by law.
Any evidence obtained in violation of this or the preceding section shall be
inadmissible for any purpose in any proceeding.
81. Section 4. No law shall be passed abridging the freedom of speech, of
expression, or of the press, or the right of the people peaceably to assemble
and petition the government for redress of grievances.
Section 5. No law shall be made respecting an establishment of religion, or
prohibiting the free exercise thereof. The free exercise and enjoyment of
religious profession and worship, without discrimination or preference, shall
forever be allowed. No religious test shall be required for the exercise of civil or
political rights.
Section 6. The liberty of abode and of changing the same within the limits
prescribed by law shall not be impaired except upon lawful order of the court.
Neither shall the right to travel be impaired except in the interest of national
security, public safety, or public health, as may be provided by law.
Section 7. The right of the people to information on matters of public concern
shall be recognized. Access to official records, and to documents and papers
pertaining to official acts, transactions, or decisions, as well as to government
research data used as basis for policy development, shall be afforded the
citizen, subject to such limitations as may be provided by law.
82. Section 8. The right of the people, including those employed in
the public and private sectors, to form unions, associations, or
societies for purposes not contrary to law shall not be abridged.
Section 9. Private property shall not be taken for public use
without just compensation.
Section 10. No law impairing the obligation of contracts shall be
passed.
Section 11. Free access to the courts and quasi-judicial bodies
and adequate legal assistance shall not be denied to any person
by reason of poverty.
83. Section 12.
1. Any person under investigation for the commission of an offense shall have the right to be
informed of his right to remain silent and to have competent and independent counsel preferably
of his own choice. If the person cannot afford the services of counsel, he must be provided with
one. These rights cannot be waived except in writing and in the presence ofcounsel.
2.No torture, force, violence, threat, intimidation, or any other means which vitiate the free will
shall be used against him. Secret detention places, solitary, incommunicado, or other similar
forms of detention are prohibited.
3.Any confession or admission obtained in violation of this or Section 17 hereof shall be
inadmissible in evidence against him.
4. The law shall provide for penal and civil sanctions for violations of this Section as well as
compensation to the rehabilitation of victims of torture or similar practices, and their families.
Section 13. All persons, except those charged with offenses punishable by reclusion
perpetua when evidence of guilt is strong, shall, before conviction, be bailable by sufficient
sureties, or be released on recognizance as may be provided by law. The right to bail shall
not be impaired even when the privilege of the writ of habeas corpus is suspended. Excessive
bail shall not be required.
84. Section 14.
1.No person shall be held to answer for a criminal offense without due
process of law.
Inall criminal prosecutions, the accused shall be presumed innocent until the
contrary is proved, and shall enjoy the right to be heard by himself and
counsel, to be informed of the nature and cause of the accusation against
to have a speedy, impartial, and public trial, to meet the witnesses face to
and to have compulsory process to secure the attendance of witnesses and
production of evidence in his behalf.
2. However
, after arraignment, trial may proceed notwithstanding the
of the accused: Provided, that he has been duly notified and his failure to
appear is unjustifiable.
Section 15. The privilege of the writ of habeas corpus shall not be
suspended except in cases of invasion or rebellion, when the public safety
requires it.
Section 16.All persons shall have the right to a speedy disposition of their
85. Section 18.
1.No person shall be detained solely by reason of his political beliefs and aspirations.
2.No involuntary servitude in any form shall exist except as a punishment for a crime
whereof the party shall have been duly convicted.
Section 19.
1.Excessive fines shall not be imposed, nor cruel, degrading or inhuman punishment
inflicted. Neither shall death penalty be imposed, unless, for compelling reasons involving
heinous crimes, the Congress hereafter provides for it. Any death penalty already imposed
shall be reduced to reclusion perpetua.
2.The employment of physical, psychological, or degrading punishment against any
prisoner or detainee or the use of substandard or inadequate penal facilities under
subhuman conditions shall be dealt with by law.
Section 20. No person shall be imprisoned for debt or non-payment of a poll tax.
Section 21. No person shall be twice put in jeopardy of punishment for the same offense.
If an act is punished by a law and an ordinance, conviction or acquittal under either shall
constitute a bar to another prosecution for the same act.
Section 22. No ex post facto law or bill of attainder shall be enacted.
87. Is a concept of fair and just relations between the
individual and society. This is measured by the
explicit and tacit terms for the distribution of wealth,
opportunities for personal activity, and social
privileges.
Social Justice
88. “Social Justice as the
humanization of laws
and the equalization of
laws and the
equalization of social
and economic forces by
the so that justice may
at least be
approximated”
89. Senator Jose W. Diokno
Social Justice is a system of law that
seeks to attain the following
objectives:
Respect our rights and freedoms as
individuals and as a people.
Eliminate poverty as quickly as our
resources and abilities would allow:
First, Provide everyone with their
basic material needs then improve
their standard of living and
Change institution and structures
to address inequalities
90. ARTICLE XIII
SOCIAL JUSTICE AND HUMAN RIGHTS
Section 1. The Congress shall give highest priority to the
enactment of measures that protect and enhance the right
of all the people to human dignity, reduce social,
economic, and political inequalities, and remove cultural
inequities by equitably diffusing wealth and political power
for the common good.
To this end, the State shall regulate the acquisition,
ownership, use, and disposition of property and its
increments.
Section 2. The promotion of social justice shall include the
commitment to create economic opportunities based on
freedom of initiative and self-reliance.
92. COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT
Is a dynamic relational process that facilitates communication, interaction,
involvement, and exchange between an organization and a community for
a range of social and organizational outcomes.
It refers to the process of working collaboratively with and through
groups of people affiliated by geographic proximity, special interest,
or similar situations to address issues affecting the well being of
those people.
93. Four Pillars of Community Engagement
Information
Consultation
Involvement
Empowerment
94. Aside from the achievement of the four pillars of
community engagement, successful community
engagement also entails the guidance of various principle
and goals among them:
Increase in the knowledge of community members
about the issues that are being addressed:
Encourage communities to co-create additional
knowledge or views pertaining to issues being
addressed;
Shared application of knowledge and new knowledge
to address the issues of the community and;
Create opportunities for improvement, communication
channels, and engage the community in regular and
95. Participatory Development
Is a process through which stakeholders
influence and share control over development
initiatives and over the decision and over the
decisions and resources that affect themselves
96. Majid Rahnema
Core Characteristics of
Participatory Development
Cognitive– It generates new
ways of understanding
community issues and
problems
Political– It capacitates
powerless
Instrumental– It proposes
alternative solutions