Cells Jeopardy
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The document discusses different types of cells and their functions and structures. It defines prokaryotes as cells without membrane-bound organelles, and plant cells as cells with vacuoles, cell walls, and chloroplasts. It also defines eukaryotes as cells with a nucleus, and liver cells as cells with over 2000 mitochondria. The document provides details on various cell organelles and their functions, such as mitochondria producing ATP and the nucleus storing DNA.
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Prokaryotic cells have a simple structure with DNA and other cellular components floating freely in the cytoplasm and no organelles, while eukaryotic cells have a compartmentalized structure with membrane-bound organelles. Both cell types contain DNA, ribosomes, and cytoplasm but prokaryotes have cell walls and looped DNA while eukaryotes have histone-bound DNA in chromosomes. Electron microscopes are used to view cellular ultrastructure at higher resolution than light microscopes.
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This document provides an overview of cell structure and types of cells. It defines a cell as the smallest unit capable of life functions. Cells are categorized as prokaryotic or eukaryotic. Prokaryotic cells like bacteria are simpler without nuclei or organelles, while eukaryotic cells like plants and animals are more complex with nuclei and membrane-bound organelles. The document describes the structures and functions of the cell membrane, nucleus, mitochondria, chloroplasts, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, vacuoles, and other organelles. It compares plant and animal cells, focusing on differences in cell walls and chloroplasts.
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The document summarizes the structure and functions of eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells. It describes the key components of cells including the cell membrane, nucleus, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, cytoskeleton and cytoplasm. It also discusses the differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells and summarizes the mechanisms of transport across the cell membrane including passive diffusion and active transport.
Cells
The document summarizes key organelles and structures found within eukaryotic cells, including:
1) The cytosol is the jelly-like material within the cell cytoplasm with dissolved substances like amino acids.
2) The nucleus contains the cell's DNA and controls the cell. Inside is the nucleolus which makes ribosomes.
3) Mitochondria convert food into ATP for energy in most eukaryotic cells, with more in muscle cells. They have inner and outer membranes.
4) The endoplasmic reticulum synthesizes proteins and lipids, with ribosomes on the rough ER and no ribosomes on the smooth ER.
This provides a high-level overview of
Biology for Computer Engineers, Part 2: The Cell
The first presentation in the ubio exclusive series ‘Biology for Computer Engineers’, gave an introduction to biochemistry basics and covered protein biochemistry. The second presentation in the series focuses on cells, which are the basic life forms. It provides short introduction to biochemistry of nucleic acids and lipids and explains the concept of ‘life’ and its evolution. It then goes on to discuss biology of the cell, especially cell structure and cell functions.
As in the previous presentation, the focus of this cell biology ppt is on highlighting the thread of common logic that runs beneath the enormous diversity of life forms, while giving an overview of biochemistry and cell biology. Future editions of our molecular biology articles will feature genetic biotechnology, bioinformatics and computational biology.
2.1 Cells
Cells have a cell membrane that encloses the cytoplasm and organelles. The cytoplasm contains a cytoskeleton that maintains the cell's shape. There are two main types of cells - prokaryotic cells which lack membrane-bound structures, and eukaryotic cells which have organelles enclosed in membranes. Organelles such as the nucleus, mitochondria, chloroplasts, ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi bodies, vacuoles and lysosomes each have specific functions like processing energy and materials, transporting substances and recycling cellular wastes.
2.1 Cells
Cells have a cell membrane that encloses the cytoplasm and organelles. The cytoplasm contains a cytoskeleton that maintains the cell's shape. There are two main types of cells - prokaryotic cells which lack membrane-bound structures, and eukaryotic cells which have organelles enclosed in membranes. Organelles such as the nucleus, mitochondria, chloroplasts, ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi bodies, vacuoles and lysosomes each have specific functions like processing energy and materials, transporting substances and recycling cellular wastes.
AS Biology, Unit 1 (Module 1) notes (OCR)
This presentation features key notes and diagrams from the unit 1, module 1 of AS biology. These notes have been mad heavily using OCR text books, however other sources have been used.
Presentation 1 cell structure and function
1. All living things are made up of cells, which are the smallest units capable of performing life functions.
2. Cells come from preexisting cells through cell division. There are two main types of cells: prokaryotic and eukaryotic.
3. Eukaryotic cells contain organelles and have a membrane-bound nucleus. They include plant and animal cells. Organelles such as the cell membrane, nucleus, mitochondria and chloroplasts have specific functions important for cell structure and processes.
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Cells Jeopardy
- 7. Chemistry of the Cell
- 8. $100 $200 $300 $400 $500 $100 $200 $300 $400 $500 $100 $200 $300 $400 $500 $100 $200 $300 $400 $500 $100 $200 $300 $400 $500 $ 100 $200 $300 $400 $500 Types of Cells Cell Functions Membrane Proteins Vocabulary Matters Parts of a Cell Cell Chemistry
- 9. Cells without membrane bound organelles
- 10. What are prokaryotes ?
- 11. Cells with vacuoles, cell walls, and chloroplasts
- 12. What are plant cells?
- 13. Cells with a nucleus
- 15. Cells with >2000 mitochondria
- 16. What are liver cells?
- 17. Cells with long extensions that enable it to receive and transmit impulses
- 18. What is a nerve cell?
- 19. Makes ATP for use in cell
- 20. What is a mitochondrion?
- 21. Stores DNA
- 22. What is the nucleus?
- 23. Where ribosomes are made
- 24. What is the nucleolus?
- 25. Protein synthesis occurs here
- 26. What is a ribosome?
- 27. Makes proteins for export from the cell
- 28. What is the Rough ER?
- 29. Proteins attached to the cell membrane surface
- 30. What are peripheral proteins?
- 31. Hydrophilic end of a phospholipid
- 32. What is the head?
- 33. Proteins embedded in the lipid bilayer
- 34. What are integral proteins?
- 35. Double membrane enclosing hereditary material of the cell
- 36. What is the nuclear envelope?
- 37. Membrane that chooses what substances can & can not cross
- 38. What is selectively permeable?
- 39. Many hair-like organelles that aid in cell movement
- 40. What are cilia?
- 41. Membrane folds inside a mitochondrion
- 42. What are crista?
- 43. Membrane sacs where photosynthesis takes place
- 44. What is a thylakoid?
- 45. Model of the cell membrane
- 46. What is the fluid mosaic model?
- 47. Direction lipids & proteins move in a cell membrane
- 50. What is a Golgi body?
- 52. What is a mitochondrion?
- 54. What is the rough endoplasmic reticulum?
- 55. Organelle located inside the nucleus
- 56. What is the nucleolus?
- 57. Daily Double!!
- 58. ribosomes leave the nucleus through these
- 59. What are nuclear pores?
- 60. These attached to integral proteins for holding cells together or recognizing chemical messengers
- 61. What are carbohydrates ?
- 62. Subunits making up membrane proteins
- 63. What are amino acids?
- 64. Organic molecule with a head & two tails
- 65. What is a phospholipid?
- 66. Steroids make up part of this cell structure
- 67. What is the cell membrane?
- 68. Contains sugars, water, & wastes in plant cells
- 69. What is the central vacuole?