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Cytoplasm and
Cytoskeleton
By: Tim Yacoub and Lizette
Magdaleno
Cytoskeleton Overview
 Cytoskeleton is a “network of fibers that
extend[s] throughout the cytoplasm,”(113).
 It’s three structures: microtubules,
microfilaments, and intermediate filaments
 It helps with the organization of activities, cell
mobility, and structure of the cell
Cytoskeleton: Microtubules
 In all eukaryotic cells, Shape: hallow tubes
 Made from protein called tubulin by centrioles
 Help shape and support the cell, Compression-
resistant, function as roads for mobile organelles
to move along.
 Aid in chromosome separation in cell division.
 Special arrangement of microtubules form flagella
and cilia.
Cytoskeleton: Microfilaments
 In all eukaryotic cells, Shape: thin solid rods
 Made from a globular protein: Actin, (twisted
double chain of actin subunits).
 Functions as a tension bearer, networks inside the
plasma membrane to support cell shape, this
layer is called a cortex.
 Well known for its aid in cell movement, actin,
along with Myosin interact, for example, to
contract muscle cells
Cytoskeleton: Intermediate
Filaments
 Coiled cables, larger than microfilaments but
smaller than microtubules
 Made of several proteins similar to keratins
 Only in some animal cells , bears tension (like
microfilaments)
 More of a permanent structure within the
cytoskeleton
 Reinforces shape of cell, and anchors certain
organelles within the cytoplasm
Cytoplasm Overview
 Cytoplasm is “the contents of the cell
bounded by the plasma membrane, in
eukaryotes, the portion exclusive of the
nucleus.” (G-9)
Cytoplasm: Structure
 It is the Fluid where the cellular organelles are
suspended.
 It fills up all the spaces in the cell that are not
being filled by the organelles
 3 Residents of Cytoplasm:
 1.Cytosol
 2.Organelles
 3.Cytoplasmic Inclusions
Cytoplasm: Characteristics
 Fluid substance that fills the space between
the cell membrane and cellular organelles
 High percentage of water
 It is colloidal
 It contains proteins
 90% water and 10% organic and inorganic
compounds
Cytoplasm: Zones
 Plasmogel- peripheral zone of cytoplasm that
is thick and jelly- like
 Plasmosol- zone is thin and liquefied
Cytoplasm: Function
 Site of many biochemical reactions
 Place where cell expands and grows
 Provides a medium for organelles to remain
suspended
 Aids in movement of different cellular
elements
 Break down macromolecules
 Transport of genetic material

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Final cytoplasm and cytoskeleton

  • 1. Cytoplasm and Cytoskeleton By: Tim Yacoub and Lizette Magdaleno
  • 2. Cytoskeleton Overview  Cytoskeleton is a “network of fibers that extend[s] throughout the cytoplasm,”(113).  It’s three structures: microtubules, microfilaments, and intermediate filaments  It helps with the organization of activities, cell mobility, and structure of the cell
  • 3. Cytoskeleton: Microtubules  In all eukaryotic cells, Shape: hallow tubes  Made from protein called tubulin by centrioles  Help shape and support the cell, Compression- resistant, function as roads for mobile organelles to move along.  Aid in chromosome separation in cell division.  Special arrangement of microtubules form flagella and cilia.
  • 4. Cytoskeleton: Microfilaments  In all eukaryotic cells, Shape: thin solid rods  Made from a globular protein: Actin, (twisted double chain of actin subunits).  Functions as a tension bearer, networks inside the plasma membrane to support cell shape, this layer is called a cortex.  Well known for its aid in cell movement, actin, along with Myosin interact, for example, to contract muscle cells
  • 5. Cytoskeleton: Intermediate Filaments  Coiled cables, larger than microfilaments but smaller than microtubules  Made of several proteins similar to keratins  Only in some animal cells , bears tension (like microfilaments)  More of a permanent structure within the cytoskeleton  Reinforces shape of cell, and anchors certain organelles within the cytoplasm
  • 6. Cytoplasm Overview  Cytoplasm is “the contents of the cell bounded by the plasma membrane, in eukaryotes, the portion exclusive of the nucleus.” (G-9)
  • 7. Cytoplasm: Structure  It is the Fluid where the cellular organelles are suspended.  It fills up all the spaces in the cell that are not being filled by the organelles  3 Residents of Cytoplasm:  1.Cytosol  2.Organelles  3.Cytoplasmic Inclusions
  • 8. Cytoplasm: Characteristics  Fluid substance that fills the space between the cell membrane and cellular organelles  High percentage of water  It is colloidal  It contains proteins  90% water and 10% organic and inorganic compounds
  • 9. Cytoplasm: Zones  Plasmogel- peripheral zone of cytoplasm that is thick and jelly- like  Plasmosol- zone is thin and liquefied
  • 10. Cytoplasm: Function  Site of many biochemical reactions  Place where cell expands and grows  Provides a medium for organelles to remain suspended  Aids in movement of different cellular elements  Break down macromolecules  Transport of genetic material