The document discusses runoff and hydrographs in engineering hydrology. It defines runoff and classifies it into overland flow and interflow. Several factors that affect runoff are then outlined, including precipitation characteristics, catchment shape and size, topography, geology, land use, and storage capacity. Losses from precipitation such as evaporation and infiltration are also explained. The characteristics of hydrographs and their components are briefly mentioned.

1. NUST Institute of Civil Engineering/Engr Sajjad Ahmad1

2. Engineering Hydrology(CE- 235)CHAPTER - 32Runoff & HydrographsNUST Institute of Civil Engineering/Engr Sajjad AhmadRunoff & hydrograph - OutlineBasic definitions

3. Classification of runoff

4. Factors affecting runoff

5. Losses from precipitation

6. Evaporation

7. Infiltration3Engineering Hydrology(CE- 235)NUST Institute of Civil Engineering/Engr Sajjad AhmadRunoff & hydrograph - OutlineComputation of runoff by various methodsCharacteristics of hydrographComponents of a hydrographHydrograph separationUnit HydrographS-curve4Engineering Hydrology(CE- 235)NUST Institute of Civil Engineering/Engr Sajjad Ahmad5Engineering Hydrology(CE- 235)Classification of runoffOver land flow

8. The portion of water which travel across the ground surface to the nearest stream

9. Interflow

10. The flow through the permeable layer of earth surface

11. NUST Institute of Civil Engineering/Engr Sajjad Ahmad6Engineering Hydrology(CE- 235)Factors affecting runoffPrecipitation characteristics

12. Shape and size of the catchment

13. Topography

14. Geological characteristics

15. Meteorological characteristics

16. Character of the catchment surface

17. Storage characteristics

18. NUST Institute of Civil Engineering/Engr Sajjad Ahmad7Engineering Hydrology(CE- 235)Precipitation characteristicsType and duration of storm

19. Intensity and extent of rainfall

20. Type of precipitation

21. Season

22. Arial extent or distribution

23. Direction of storm movement

24. NUST Institute of Civil Engineering/Engr Sajjad Ahmad8Engineering Hydrology(CE- 235)Shape and size of catchmentNUST Institute of Civil Engineering/Engr Sajjad Ahmad9Engineering Hydrology(CE- 235)Shape and size of catchmentLarge catchment less runoff

25. Less number of streams less runoff

26. Lesser stream slope less runoff

27. Fan shaped catchment produce higher peak at outlet

28. NUST Institute of Civil Engineering/Engr Sajjad Ahmad10Engineering Hydrology(CE- 235)TopographyType of earth surface

29. Smooth or rugged

30. Type of land

31. Slope of ground

32. NUST Institute of Civil Engineering/Engr Sajjad Ahmad11Engineering Hydrology(CE- 235)Geological characteristicsType of soil surface and subsoil

33. Type of rock and their permeability

34. Seepage and absorption capacity

35. NUST Institute of Civil Engineering/Engr Sajjad Ahmad12Engineering Hydrology(CE- 235)Meteorological characteristicsTemperature

36. Wind

37. Humidity

38. Storm movement

39. NUST Institute of Civil Engineering/Engr Sajjad Ahmad13Engineering Hydrology(CE- 235)Character of the catchment surfaceNatural or cultivated

40. Barren or covered with vegetationStorage characteristics of the catchmentPresence or absence of artificial or natural storage

41. NUST Institute of Civil Engineering/Engr Sajjad Ahmad14Engineering Hydrology(CE- 235)Losses from precipitationThe precipitation losses are due to followings

42. Evaporation from ground as well as from water body

43. Infiltration (absorption of water in to ground)

44. NUST Institute of Civil Engineering/Engr Sajjad Ahmad15Engineering Hydrology(CE- 235)Vaporization

45. Physical process

46. The change of liquid in to gaseous stat without boiling

47. Evaporation

48. Water loss due to vaporization is called evaporation

49. Transpiration

50. Evaporation from plant leaves

51. NUST Institute of Civil Engineering/Engr Sajjad Ahmad16Engineering Hydrology(CE- 235)Evapotranspiration Combined evaporation and transpiration

52. Total water loss from earth surface and from trees and plants

53. Rate of evapotranspiration varies as the availability of water changes

54. NUST Institute of Civil Engineering/Engr Sajjad Ahmad17Engineering Hydrology(CE- 235)Factors affecting evaporationTemperature

55. Surface area of water body

56. Humidity

57. Wind speed

58. Solar radiation

59. Atmospheric temperature

60. Depth of water

61. NUST Institute of Civil Engineering/Engr Sajjad AhmadNUST Institute of Civil Engineering/Engr Sajjad Ahmad18