This is a presentation on various hydraulic structures and their uses and cross sections which will help a person to get acquainted with the most important hydraulic structures that are in use in this current world.
Introduction, Term related to reservoir planning (Yield, Reservoir planning and operation curves, Reservoir storage, Reservoir clearance), Investigation for reservoir planning, Significance of mass curve and demand curves, Applications of mass-curve and demand curves, Fixation of reservoir capacity from annual inflow and outflow, Fixation of reservoir capacity.
Introduction, Term related to reservoir planning (Yield, Reservoir planning and operation curves, Reservoir storage, Reservoir clearance), Investigation for reservoir planning, Significance of mass curve and demand curves, Applications of mass-curve and demand curves, Fixation of reservoir capacity from annual inflow and outflow, Fixation of reservoir capacity.
Canal fall- necessity and location- types of falls- Cross regulator and
distributory head regulator- their functions, Silt control devices, Canal
escapes- types of escapes.
This presentation covered Diversion head work topic. Details topics selection of the suitable site for the
diversion headwork- different parts of
diversion headwork- Causes of failure of
structure on pervious foundation- Khosla’s
theory- Design of concrete sloping glacis weir covered.
Topics:
1. Causes of Failures of Weirs on Permeable Foundations
2. Bligh’s Creep Theory
3. Lane’s Weighted Creep Theory
4. Khosla’s Theory
5. Application of Correction Factors
6. Launching Apron
Reservoir regulation, Flood routing- Graphical or I.S.D method, Trial and error method, Reservoir losses, Reservoir sedimentation- Phenomenon, Measures to control reservoir sedimentation, Density currents Significance of trap efficiency, Useful life of the reservoir, Costs of the reservoir, Apportionment of total cost, Use of facilities method, Equal apportionment method, Alternative justifiable expenditure method.
Topics:
1. Types of Diversion Head Works
2. Weirs and Barrages
3. Layout Diversion Head Works
4. Causes of Failures of Weirs and Barrages on Permeable Foundations
5. Silt Ejectors and Silt Excluders
The presentation has prepared as per the syllabus of Mumbai University.
Go through the presentation, if you like it then share it with your friends and classmates.
Thank you :)
Canal fall- necessity and location- types of falls- Cross regulator and
distributory head regulator- their functions, Silt control devices, Canal
escapes- types of escapes.
This presentation covered Diversion head work topic. Details topics selection of the suitable site for the
diversion headwork- different parts of
diversion headwork- Causes of failure of
structure on pervious foundation- Khosla’s
theory- Design of concrete sloping glacis weir covered.
Topics:
1. Causes of Failures of Weirs on Permeable Foundations
2. Bligh’s Creep Theory
3. Lane’s Weighted Creep Theory
4. Khosla’s Theory
5. Application of Correction Factors
6. Launching Apron
Reservoir regulation, Flood routing- Graphical or I.S.D method, Trial and error method, Reservoir losses, Reservoir sedimentation- Phenomenon, Measures to control reservoir sedimentation, Density currents Significance of trap efficiency, Useful life of the reservoir, Costs of the reservoir, Apportionment of total cost, Use of facilities method, Equal apportionment method, Alternative justifiable expenditure method.
Topics:
1. Types of Diversion Head Works
2. Weirs and Barrages
3. Layout Diversion Head Works
4. Causes of Failures of Weirs and Barrages on Permeable Foundations
5. Silt Ejectors and Silt Excluders
The presentation has prepared as per the syllabus of Mumbai University.
Go through the presentation, if you like it then share it with your friends and classmates.
Thank you :)
HEC-RAS is a computer program that models the hydraulics of water flow through natural rivers and other channels. The program is one-dimensional, meaning that there is no direct modeling of the hydraulic effect of cross section shape changes, bends, and other two- and three-dimensional aspects of flow. The program was developed by the US Department of Defense, Army Corps of Engineers in order to manage the rivers, harbors, and other public works under their jurisdiction; it has found wide acceptance by many others since its public release in 1995.
HYDROLOGY AND WATER RESOURCE MANAGMENT PPTKavin Raval
PRINCIPLE COMPONENTS OF HYDROELECTRIC POWER PLANT
Intake structure
Forebay
Surge tank
Penstocks
Conveyance systems
Power house
Draft tube
Tail race
PRINCIPAL COMPONENTS OF HYDROELECTRIC SCHEME
• Hydroelectric power (often called hydropower) is considered a renewable energy source. A renewable energy source is one that is not depleted (used up) in the production of energy. Through hydropower, the energy in falling water is converted into electricity without “using up” the water. Hydroelectric power (hydropower) systems convert the kinetic energy in flowing water into electric energy.
Hierarchical Digital Twin of a Naval Power SystemKerry Sado
A hierarchical digital twin of a Naval DC power system has been developed and experimentally verified. Similar to other state-of-the-art digital twins, this technology creates a digital replica of the physical system executed in real-time or faster, which can modify hardware controls. However, its advantage stems from distributing computational efforts by utilizing a hierarchical structure composed of lower-level digital twin blocks and a higher-level system digital twin. Each digital twin block is associated with a physical subsystem of the hardware and communicates with a singular system digital twin, which creates a system-level response. By extracting information from each level of the hierarchy, power system controls of the hardware were reconfigured autonomously. This hierarchical digital twin development offers several advantages over other digital twins, particularly in the field of naval power systems. The hierarchical structure allows for greater computational efficiency and scalability while the ability to autonomously reconfigure hardware controls offers increased flexibility and responsiveness. The hierarchical decomposition and models utilized were well aligned with the physical twin, as indicated by the maximum deviations between the developed digital twin hierarchy and the hardware.
Final project report on grocery store management system..pdfKamal Acharya
In today’s fast-changing business environment, it’s extremely important to be able to respond to client needs in the most effective and timely manner. If your customers wish to see your business online and have instant access to your products or services.
Online Grocery Store is an e-commerce website, which retails various grocery products. This project allows viewing various products available enables registered users to purchase desired products instantly using Paytm, UPI payment processor (Instant Pay) and also can place order by using Cash on Delivery (Pay Later) option. This project provides an easy access to Administrators and Managers to view orders placed using Pay Later and Instant Pay options.
In order to develop an e-commerce website, a number of Technologies must be studied and understood. These include multi-tiered architecture, server and client-side scripting techniques, implementation technologies, programming language (such as PHP, HTML, CSS, JavaScript) and MySQL relational databases. This is a project with the objective to develop a basic website where a consumer is provided with a shopping cart website and also to know about the technologies used to develop such a website.
This document will discuss each of the underlying technologies to create and implement an e- commerce website.
Saudi Arabia stands as a titan in the global energy landscape, renowned for its abundant oil and gas resources. It's the largest exporter of petroleum and holds some of the world's most significant reserves. Let's delve into the top 10 oil and gas projects shaping Saudi Arabia's energy future in 2024.
Welcome to WIPAC Monthly the magazine brought to you by the LinkedIn Group Water Industry Process Automation & Control.
In this month's edition, along with this month's industry news to celebrate the 13 years since the group was created we have articles including
A case study of the used of Advanced Process Control at the Wastewater Treatment works at Lleida in Spain
A look back on an article on smart wastewater networks in order to see how the industry has measured up in the interim around the adoption of Digital Transformation in the Water Industry.
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About
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Technical Specifications
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
Key Features
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system
• Copatiable with IDM8000 CCR
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
Application
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
2. Topics: We will discuss-
1. DAM
2. BRIDGES
3. CULVERTS
4. SLUICE GATES
5. AQUEDUCTS
6. SIPHONS
Presented By-
Nusrat Nasreen Khan, Syeda Khushnuma Wasim, M A Rafsan Mazumder,
Faisal Razy Anqur, A. S. M. Akram Samrat
2
4. What is Dam?
A dam is a barrier that impounds
water or underground steams.
Dams generally serve the primary
purpose of retaining water, while
other structures such
as floodgates or levees (also known
as dikes) are used to manage or
prevent water flow into specific land
regions. Hydropower and pumped-
storage hydroelectricity are often
used in conjunction with dams to
generate electricity. A dam can also
be used to collect water or for
storage of water which can be
evenly distributed between
locations.
4
5. Watertight
Sufficient
Strength
Releasing
Water
Flood Water
Flow
How Does
Dam Work?
A dam must be watertight so
that water does not leak out of
the dam and escape
downstream.
A dam wall must have
sufficient strength to stand permanently
under its own weight especially when at
least part of the dam wall is saturated
with water and to resist the water
pressure in the lake upstream of the
dam.
A dam must have some way of
releasing water in controlled
amounts as it is needed an outlet
valve of some type.
A dam must have some means
whereby these large volumes of
flood water can flow around the
dam without causing damage to the
dam itself. 5
9. Storage Capacity of
350×106 m3
producing up to 250,000
tons a day of tailings
Embankment ratio about
4:1
Syncrude Tailings Dam,
Canada
Holding 11,600,000
acre feet of water
Discharge capacity
of 18,406 cubic
meters/s
The main dam wall
stretching 2,743
meters
Tarbela Dam, Pakistan
SOME OF THE WORLD’S GREATEST DAMS
9
10. Why Dam
is
Important?
To provide a
supply of
water for
towns, cities
and mining
sites
To generate
electricity in
hydro-
electric
power
stations
To help
control or
mitigate
floods
To provide a
supply of
water for the
irrigation of
crops
10
12. What is a BRIDGE?
A bridge is a structure built to span physical
obstacles such as a body of water, valley, or
road, for the purpose of providing passage
over the obstacle.
12
13. Fluid
Travelling
to Mid-
Span
Varying
Loads
Pinned
Connection
Horizontal
Sideway
Direction
As the hydraulic fluid is
pushed under pressure,
the fluid travels through
pipes eventually leading
to a vertical shaft
leading to the mid-span
of the bridge.
A bridge has the
ability to handle
varying loads
(wind/ice) and
possesses smooth
acceleration and
deceleration
In Arch based
bridges the main
forces are
directed in a
horizontal
sideways
direction.
In arch bridges
at the midpoint
of the arch there
is a pinned
connection,
essentially
making it a three
hinged arch
How Does a
Bridge Work?
13
22. A culvert is a
structure that allows
water to flow under
a road, railroad,
trail, or similar
obstruction.
Typically embedded
so as to be
surrounded by soil,
a culvert may be
made from a pipe,
reinforced concrete
or other material.
What is a
CULVERT?
22
23. TYPES OF CULVERTS
Box
culvert
Arch culvert
Pipe culvertBridge culvert
Pipe Single or Multiple
Pipe Arch Single or Multiple
Box Culvert Single or Multiple
Bridge Culvert
Arch Culvert
23
24. How Does a
Culvert Work?
Performance
Curves
Inlet and
Outlet
Control
Roadway
Overtopping
For inlet control, the control section is at the
upstream end of the barrel, whereas for outlet
control, it is at the downstream end of the
culvert Roadway
overtopping deals
with the rising of
headwater to the
elevation of the
roadway
The culvert
performance curve
is made up of the
controlling portions
of the inlet, outlet
and roadway
overtopping
performance curve 24
28. Carrying
traffic
Safe
Passag
e in
arable
farm
Conveyin
g Water
Culvert is used to form a
bridge-like structure to carry
traffic.
Culvert is used to
convey water from one
area to another, usually
from one
side of a road to the
other side.
Culvert is an
integral part of
any arable farm
providing a safe
passage over
ditch fields into
arable fields
The Uses
of Culvert
28
30. What is Sluice
Gate?
A sluice gate is a mechanism
used to cut off or obstruct the
passage of a fluid, normally
water. They have three main
parts: a gate, a frame and a
power mechanism. They can
be designed for different
loads of water and operating
heights, according to the
requirements of the
installation.
A gate
A power
mechanism
A frame
30
31. Threaded rod
system
Hydraulic System
Manual Raise and
Lowering
Electrically driven
hoisting system
How Does
Sluice Gate
Work?
Many sluice gates are moved by
means of a threaded rod system,
which needs to be regularly
cleaned and greased.
When gates are used in applications
with a large amount of water
pressure, they are raised and lowered
by hydraulic systems to control the
sluice gate flow.
Sometimes in smaller uses,
such as in cranberry bogs,
the gates are raised and
lowered manually.
At other times than manual, an
electrically-driven hoisting
system is used.
31
38. What is an AQUEDUCT?
An aqueduct is a watercourse constructed to
convey water. The term aqueduct is used for any
system of pipes, ditches, canals, tunnels, and other
structures used for this purpose. The simplest
aqueducts are small ditches cut into the earth.
Modern aqueducts may also use pipelines.
38
45. What is
Siphon? Siphon refer to a wide variety
of devices that involve the
flow of liquids through tubes,
but in the narrower sense it
refers specifically to a tube in
an inverted U shape which
causes a liquid to flow uphill,
above the surface of the
reservoir, without pumps,
powered by the fall of the
liquid as it flows down the
tube under the pull of gravity
and is discharged at a level
lower than the surface of the
reservoir whence it came.
45
46. Bernoulli’s
Principle
Unlike a
Manometer
Energy
Difference
A restatement of
conservation of energy
principle in that the sum
of all energy at any
given point in the siphon
flow is constant.
Operates as a
measurement of two
pressures in static balance
when the inlet and the
outlet are at the same
level.
A siphon works because
gravitational potential
energy difference between
liquid in the upper
reservoir and lower
reservoir leaves reduced
pressure at the top of the
siphon proportional to the
height differences.
How
Siphon
Works
46
51. Evacuating Water
Transferring Water
Waterworks and
Industry
Self-constructed
siphons, made of
pipes or tubes, can be
used to evacuate
water from cellars
after flooding.
Siphoning is common
in irrigated fields to
transfer a controlled
amount of water from
a ditch, over the ditch
wall, into furrows.
Large siphons are
used in municipal
waterworks and
industry. Their size
requires control via
valves at the intake
and outlet of the
How Siphon is
Important?
51