What is the cardiovascular system? Your heart and many blood vessels in your body make up your cardiovascular system or circulatory system. Your heart uses the far-reaching, intricate network of blood vessels to deliver oxygen and other necessary things to your whole body.

1. Systemic and pulmonary
circulation

2. Objectives
• Type of circulation
Systemic circulation
Pulmonary circulation
Portal circulation
• Foetal circulation
• Clinical correlation
• MCQ
• References

3. Cardiovascular system
Transport system of the body
• Nutrients are conveyed to places, where
these are utilized
• metabolites (waste products) are conveyed to
appropriate places from where these are
expelled

4. Components
• Blood
• Heart
• Blood vessel

5. Blood
Blood cell
1. Erythrocytes(RBC)
2. Leukocytes( WBC)
• Granulocytes
• Agranulocytes
3. Thrombocytes (Platelets)

6. Heart
• Hollow muscular organ
• 4 chamber
• Enclosed in pericardial cavity

7. Structure

8. Wall of heart

9. Arterial Supply

10. Types of Circulation of Blood
• Systemic (greater)circulation
• Pulmonary (lesser) circulation
• Portal circulation

13. Portal circulation

14. Foetal Circulation

15. Clinical anatomy

16. Portal venous pressure increases
• portal-systemic collateral routes develop, and
part of the blood that normally goes to the
liver reaches the systemic circulation without
coming in contact with hepatocytes. The veins
that serve as the collateral channels vary from
patient to patient, but the route through the
left gastric vein is the most common. This
route is responsible for the formation of
esophageal varices, the major cause of
bleeding.

18. • If the size of collateral veins increases to an
excessive degree, a major portion of the blood
in the superior mesenteric vein, which
contains large amounts of nitrogenous
substances derived from digested foods
absorbed from the gut, flows hepatofugally
into the systemic circulation causing
encephalopathy

20. MCQ
Q1 which one is the systemic circulation and
which one is the pulmonary circulation of the
CVS ?
a) LV to organ and organ to RA –
b) RV to lungs and lungs to LA – Pulmonary
systemic

22. Q4 Name them