Gross appearance of cerebellum
Structure of cerebellum
The functional division of the cerebellum
Afferent & efferent pathways
Clinical
MCQ’s
Clinical Vignettes
CERVICAL PART OF SYMPATHETIC TRUNK
https://www.slideshare.net/DRCAPRICORN/slideshelf
VESSICO-BULLOUS DISORDER LECTURE : https://youtu.be/lgizglcWJ9I
HOOVER SIGN for leg paresis/ copd=
https://youtu.be/v-rT80AksZw
BEEVOR SIGN = https://youtu.be/QTBqQ31KqUA
ALL PERIPHERAL SIGN'S OF AORTIC REGURGITATION=
https://youtu.be/JZBQGsmK4dY
SUBSCRIBE US ON YOUTUBE : www.youtube.com/c/DrCapricorn
Lateral ventricle of Brain. By Dr.N.Mugunthan.M.Smgmcri1234
Lateral ventricle of brain. Lecture by Dr.N.Mugunthan.
Associate Professor,
Mahatma Gandhi Medical College & Research Institute,
Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth, Pondicherry.
white fibers of the cerebrum, commissural fibers, association fibers and radiation fibers, examples of each types of cerebral fibers, corpus callosum, fornix, habenular commisure, anterior commissure, posterior commissure, superior longitudinal fasciculus, inferior longitudinal fasciculus, occipital fasciculus, uncinate fasciculus, projection fibers, corona radiata, optic radiation
Anatomy & functions of the Brainstem & CerebellumRafid Rashid
Provides a good description of the anatomy of the brainstem & cerebellum; their parts, structure, blood supply & a brief description of their functions.
CERVICAL PART OF SYMPATHETIC TRUNK
https://www.slideshare.net/DRCAPRICORN/slideshelf
VESSICO-BULLOUS DISORDER LECTURE : https://youtu.be/lgizglcWJ9I
HOOVER SIGN for leg paresis/ copd=
https://youtu.be/v-rT80AksZw
BEEVOR SIGN = https://youtu.be/QTBqQ31KqUA
ALL PERIPHERAL SIGN'S OF AORTIC REGURGITATION=
https://youtu.be/JZBQGsmK4dY
SUBSCRIBE US ON YOUTUBE : www.youtube.com/c/DrCapricorn
Lateral ventricle of Brain. By Dr.N.Mugunthan.M.Smgmcri1234
Lateral ventricle of brain. Lecture by Dr.N.Mugunthan.
Associate Professor,
Mahatma Gandhi Medical College & Research Institute,
Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth, Pondicherry.
white fibers of the cerebrum, commissural fibers, association fibers and radiation fibers, examples of each types of cerebral fibers, corpus callosum, fornix, habenular commisure, anterior commissure, posterior commissure, superior longitudinal fasciculus, inferior longitudinal fasciculus, occipital fasciculus, uncinate fasciculus, projection fibers, corona radiata, optic radiation
Anatomy & functions of the Brainstem & CerebellumRafid Rashid
Provides a good description of the anatomy of the brainstem & cerebellum; their parts, structure, blood supply & a brief description of their functions.
The placenta is formed gradually during the first three months of pregnancy, while, after the fourth month, it grows parallel to the development of the uterus. Once completed, it resembles a spongy disc 20 cm in diameter and 3 cm thick.
The external human face develops between the 4th and 6th week of embryonic development. The development of the face is completed by the 6th week.
Between the 6th and 8th week, the palate begins to develop. Consequently, this causes a distinction between the nasal and oral cavities. This development is completed by the 12th week.
Development of Female Reproductive system.pptxRahul Sharma
the female reproductive system derives from four origins: mesoderm, primordial germ cells, coelomic epithelium, and mesenchyme. The uterus forms during Mullerian organogenesis accompanied by the development of the upper third of the vagina, the cervix, and both fallopian tubes.
Your cerebellum is part of your brain that helps coordinate and regulate a wide range of functions and processes in both your brain and body. While it's very small compared to your brain overall, it holds more than half of the neurons (cells that make up your nervous system) in your whole body.
An organelle is a subcellular structure that has one or more specific jobs to perform in the cell, much like an organ does in the body. Among the more important cell organelles are the nuclei, which store genetic information; mitochondria, which produce chemical energy; and ribosomes, which assemble proteins.
There are eight carpal bones in each wrist.
There are five metacarpal bones in each hand.
There are proximal, intermediate, and distal phalanges in each digit except for the thumb, which lacks an intermediate phalange.
What is the cardiovascular system? Your heart and many blood vessels in your body make up your cardiovascular system or circulatory system. Your heart uses the far-reaching, intricate network of blood vessels to deliver oxygen and other necessary things to your whole body.
The femoral triangle is a hollow region located in the supero-medial part of the anterior thigh. It appears most prominently with hip flexion, abduction and internal rotation. It is an easily accessible area through which multiple neurovascular structures pass through.
The brachial plexus is the network of nerves that sends signals from the spinal cord to the shoulder, arm and hand. A brachial plexus injury occurs when these nerves are stretched, compressed, or in the most serious cases, ripped apart or torn away from the spinal cord.
The four principal types of bones are long, short, flat and irregular. Bones that are longer than they are wide are called long bones. They consist of a long shaft with two bulky ends or extremities.
The ascending tracts carry sensory information from the body, like pain, for example, up the spinal cord to the brain. Descending tracts carry motor information, like instructions to move the arm, from the brain down the spinal cord to the body.
The anterior triangles refer to bilateral anatomic subdivisions of the neck comprising the anterior surface of the neck, deep to the superficial cervical fascia and platysma muscle. Laterally, the anterior triangle is bounded by the anterior border of the sternocleidomastoid muscle
The floor of the cranial cavity is divided into three distinct depressions. They are known as the anterior cranial fossa, middle cranial fossa and posterior cranial fossa. Each fossa accommodates a different part of the brain
Microtomy is a method for the preparation of thin sections for materials such as bones, minerals and teeth, and an alternative to electropolishing and ion milling. Microtome sections can be made thin enough to section a human hair across its breadth, with section thickness between 50 nm and 100 μm
What is Craniotomy?
What are the Indications for Craniotomy?
What are the Types of Craniotomy?
Equipment used in craniotomy?
What happen to the Bone flap?
What are the Tests Done Prior to Craniotomy?
What happens during surgery?
What are the risks?
References
Seven cervical vertebrae
Identified by the presence of foramen in their transverse processes called foramen transversarium
3rd to 6th are typically have common features
1st, 2nd,and 7th are atypical
Ring-shaped and has no body and no spine
Consists of:
Right and left lateral masses
Short anterior arch and a long curved posterior arch
(c) Right and left transverse processes
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN HEALTHCARE.pdfAnujkumaranit
Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, especially computer systems. It encompasses tasks such as learning, reasoning, problem-solving, perception, and language understanding. AI technologies are revolutionizing various fields, from healthcare to finance, by enabling machines to perform tasks that typically require human intelligence.
Flu Vaccine Alert in Bangalore Karnatakaaddon Scans
As flu season approaches, health officials in Bangalore, Karnataka, are urging residents to get their flu vaccinations. The seasonal flu, while common, can lead to severe health complications, particularly for vulnerable populations such as young children, the elderly, and those with underlying health conditions.
Dr. Vidisha Kumari, a leading epidemiologist in Bangalore, emphasizes the importance of getting vaccinated. "The flu vaccine is our best defense against the influenza virus. It not only protects individuals but also helps prevent the spread of the virus in our communities," he says.
This year, the flu season is expected to coincide with a potential increase in other respiratory illnesses. The Karnataka Health Department has launched an awareness campaign highlighting the significance of flu vaccinations. They have set up multiple vaccination centers across Bangalore, making it convenient for residents to receive their shots.
To encourage widespread vaccination, the government is also collaborating with local schools, workplaces, and community centers to facilitate vaccination drives. Special attention is being given to ensuring that the vaccine is accessible to all, including marginalized communities who may have limited access to healthcare.
Residents are reminded that the flu vaccine is safe and effective. Common side effects are mild and may include soreness at the injection site, mild fever, or muscle aches. These side effects are generally short-lived and far less severe than the flu itself.
Healthcare providers are also stressing the importance of continuing COVID-19 precautions. Wearing masks, practicing good hand hygiene, and maintaining social distancing are still crucial, especially in crowded places.
Protect yourself and your loved ones by getting vaccinated. Together, we can help keep Bangalore healthy and safe this flu season. For more information on vaccination centers and schedules, residents can visit the Karnataka Health Department’s official website or follow their social media pages.
Stay informed, stay safe, and get your flu shot today!
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/lK81BzxMqdo
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/Ve4P0COk9OI
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
- Link to NephroTube website: www.NephroTube.com
- Link to NephroTube social media accounts: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/join-nephrotube-on-social-media.html
Prix Galien International 2024 Forum ProgramLevi Shapiro
June 20, 2024, Prix Galien International and Jerusalem Ethics Forum in ROME. Detailed agenda including panels:
- ADVANCES IN CARDIOLOGY: A NEW PARADIGM IS COMING
- WOMEN’S HEALTH: FERTILITY PRESERVATION
- WHAT’S NEW IN THE TREATMENT OF INFECTIOUS,
ONCOLOGICAL AND INFLAMMATORY SKIN DISEASES?
- ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND ETHICS
- GENE THERAPY
- BEYOND BORDERS: GLOBAL INITIATIVES FOR DEMOCRATIZING LIFE SCIENCE TECHNOLOGIES AND PROMOTING ACCESS TO HEALTHCARE
- ETHICAL CHALLENGES IN LIFE SCIENCES
- Prix Galien International Awards Ceremony
Tom Selleck Health: A Comprehensive Look at the Iconic Actor’s Wellness Journeygreendigital
Tom Selleck, an enduring figure in Hollywood. has captivated audiences for decades with his rugged charm, iconic moustache. and memorable roles in television and film. From his breakout role as Thomas Magnum in Magnum P.I. to his current portrayal of Frank Reagan in Blue Bloods. Selleck's career has spanned over 50 years. But beyond his professional achievements. fans have often been curious about Tom Selleck Health. especially as he has aged in the public eye.
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Introduction
Many have been interested in Tom Selleck health. not only because of his enduring presence on screen but also because of the challenges. and lifestyle choices he has faced and made over the years. This article delves into the various aspects of Tom Selleck health. exploring his fitness regimen, diet, mental health. and the challenges he has encountered as he ages. We'll look at how he maintains his well-being. the health issues he has faced, and his approach to ageing .
Early Life and Career
Childhood and Athletic Beginnings
Tom Selleck was born on January 29, 1945, in Detroit, Michigan, and grew up in Sherman Oaks, California. From an early age, he was involved in sports, particularly basketball. which played a significant role in his physical development. His athletic pursuits continued into college. where he attended the University of Southern California (USC) on a basketball scholarship. This early involvement in sports laid a strong foundation for his physical health and disciplined lifestyle.
Transition to Acting
Selleck's transition from an athlete to an actor came with its physical demands. His first significant role in "Magnum P.I." required him to perform various stunts and maintain a fit appearance. This role, which he played from 1980 to 1988. necessitated a rigorous fitness routine to meet the show's demands. setting the stage for his long-term commitment to health and wellness.
Fitness Regimen
Workout Routine
Tom Selleck health and fitness regimen has evolved. adapting to his changing roles and age. During his "Magnum, P.I." days. Selleck's workouts were intense and focused on building and maintaining muscle mass. His routine included weightlifting, cardiovascular exercises. and specific training for the stunts he performed on the show.
Selleck adjusted his fitness routine as he aged to suit his body's needs. Today, his workouts focus on maintaining flexibility, strength, and cardiovascular health. He incorporates low-impact exercises such as swimming, walking, and light weightlifting. This balanced approach helps him stay fit without putting undue strain on his joints and muscles.
Importance of Flexibility and Mobility
In recent years, Selleck has emphasized the importance of flexibility and mobility in his fitness regimen. Understanding the natural decline in muscle mass and joint flexibility with age. he includes stretching and yoga in his routine. These practices help prevent injuries, improve posture, and maintain mobilit
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar leads (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
Pulmonary Thromboembolism - etilogy, types, medical- Surgical and nursing man...VarunMahajani
Disruption of blood supply to lung alveoli due to blockage of one or more pulmonary blood vessels is called as Pulmonary thromboembolism. In this presentation we will discuss its causes, types and its management in depth.
These simplified slides by Dr. Sidra Arshad present an overview of the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract.
Learning objectives:
1. Enlist the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract
2. Briefly explain how these functions are carried out
3. Discuss the significance of dead space
4. Differentiate between minute ventilation and alveolar ventilation
5. Describe the cough and sneeze reflexes
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 39, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 34, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
3. Chapter 17, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
4. Non-respiratory functions of the lungs https://academic.oup.com/bjaed/article/13/3/98/278874
Acute scrotum is a general term referring to an emergency condition affecting the contents or the wall of the scrotum.
There are a number of conditions that present acutely, predominantly with pain and/or swelling
A careful and detailed history and examination, and in some cases, investigations allow differentiation between these diagnoses. A prompt diagnosis is essential as the patient may require urgent surgical intervention
Testicular torsion refers to twisting of the spermatic cord, causing ischaemia of the testicle.
Testicular torsion results from inadequate fixation of the testis to the tunica vaginalis producing ischemia from reduced arterial inflow and venous outflow obstruction.
The prevalence of testicular torsion in adult patients hospitalized with acute scrotal pain is approximately 25 to 50 percent
Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility...Sujoy Dasgupta
Dr Sujoy Dasgupta presented the study on "Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility? – The unexplored stories of non-consummation" in the 13th Congress of the Asia Pacific Initiative on Reproduction (ASPIRE 2024) at Manila on 24 May, 2024.
7. Figure 6-3 A: Flattened view of the cerebellar cortex showing the main cerebellar lobes,
lobules, and fissures.
Functional areas of cerebellar cortex
3 functional areas
1. Cortex of vermis
2. Intermediate zone
3. Lateral zone
8. Intracerebellar nuclei
4 mass of grey matter embedded in white matter
Nuclei
•Dentate
•Emboliform
•Globose
•Fastigial
Intracerebellar nuclei are composed of large multipolar
9. White Matter
Composed of 3 group of fibres
•Intrinsic fibre
1. Do not leave cerebellum
2. Connect different region of organ
•Afferent
1. Form greater part of white matter
2. Enter mainly from inferior & middle
peduncle
•Efferent nerve
1. Output of cerebellum
Note:- dentate, emboliform & globose nuclei fibre leave from superior cerebellar
peduncle and fibres from fastigial leave through inferior cerebellar peduncle
10. Cerebellar Cortical Mechanism
Two main line of input
Mossy fibre
Climbing fibre
Excitatory to
Purkinje cell
What then is the function of other cell of
cerebellum?
Basket cell, stellate cell, golgi cells
11. Cerebellar Afferent Fibers
• From cerebral cortex
1. Corticopontocerebellar pathway
2. Cerebro-olivocerebellar pathway
3. Cerebroreticulocerebellar pathway
Figure 6-10 Cerebellar afferent fibers from the cerebral cortex.
12. Cerebellar afferent fibers from spinal cord
Figure 6-11 Cerebellar afferent fibers from the spinal cord and internal
ear.
•Anterior & Posterior spinocerebellar tract
•Cuneocerebellar tract
•Afferent fibre from vestibular nerve
14. ARTERIAL SUPPLY OF CEREBELLUM
• Superior cerebellar artery
• Anterior inferior cerebellar artery
• Posterior inferior cerebellar artery
15. CLINICAL’S
Lesions of cerebellum:
• Due to trauma, vascular occlusion, tumors.
• Produce a number of signs and symptoms
• Acute lesions differ from those produced by chronic lesions.
16. Following symptoms and signs are characteristic of
Cerebellar dysfunction.
1. Hypotonia
2. Postural Changes and Alteration of Gait
3. Disturbances of Voluntary Movement (Ataxia)
4. Dysdiadochokinesia
5. Disturbances of Reflexes
6. Nystagmus
7. Disorders of Speech
17. Cerebellar Syndromes
Vermis Syndrome
• Common cause of vermis syndrome is medullo
blastoma of vermis
• Involvement of flocculonodular lobe
• Signs and symptoms related to vestibular system
• Muscle incoordination involves head and trunk and
not the limbs
18. Cerebellar Hemisphere Syndrome
• Tumors of cerebellum result cerebellar hemisphere syndrome
• symptoms and signs are usually unilateral
• Ipsilataeral involvment of muscles
• Movements of limbs, especially arms, are disturbed. Swaying
and falling to the side of the lesion often occur.
• Dysarthria and nystagmus
• Lateral involvment of lobe result in delays in initiating
movements and inability to move all limb segments together
in a coordinated manner but show a tendency to move one
joint at a time.
19. MCQ
• Superior cerbellar peduncle contains which of the
following?
a) Posterior spinocerebellar
b) Olivocrebellar tract
c) Vestibulocerebellar
d) Anterior spinocerebellar
Anterior spinocerebellar
BD_Chaurasia’s_Human_Anatomy, Volume 3 - Head-Neck and Brain 6th Edition, pg no 408
20. • Which of the following region of cerebllum is
concerned with planning and programming muscular
activities?
a) Intermediate zone
b) Vermis
c) Lateral zone
d) Flocculonodular zone
Lateral zone
BD_Chaurasia’s_Human_Anatomy, Volume 3 - Head-Neck and Brain 6th Edition, pg no 408
21. • Cerebellum consist numerous lobe, which lobe is the
smallest one?
a) Flocculonodular lobe
b) Middle lobe
c) Anterior lobe
d) Posterior lobe
BD_Chaurasia’s_Human_Anatomy, Volume 3 - Head-Neck and Brain 6th
Edition, pg no 408
a) Flocculonodular lobe
22. Clinical Vignette
• Two physicians are talking in the street when one turns to the
other and says, "Look at that man over there. Look at the way
he is walking. He Is not swinging his right arm at all; it is just
hanging down by his side. I wonder If he has a cerebellar
lesion." Does a person with a unilateral cerebellar hemisphere
tumor tend to hold the arm limply at the side when he walks?
a unillateral lesion involving one cerebellar
hemisphere demonstrates absence of
coordination between different groups of
muscles on the same side of the body
Ans YES