This document is a PowerPoint presentation on carbon and its compounds submitted by a student group. It provides information on carbon including that it is a nonmetallic element with an atomic number of 6 that forms covalent bonds. It discusses the origin of carbon in nature, the reasons for its versatility including catenation and tetracovalency. The presentation also covers different forms of carbon including graphite, diamond and fullerenes as well as saturated and unsaturated compounds. It provides examples of functional groups and homologous series and discusses chemical properties and uses of carbon compounds.

1. OUR
POWERPOINT
PROJECT
ON-

2. CARBON AND ITS COMPOUNDS
SUBMITTED TO:-
MRS. ANITA
GROUP NO.-7
LEADER - RIBHA (47)
Members – vasu (9)
arsh (49)
guransh (48)
Oisa (18)
Vivek (26)
Dewak (37)

3. What Is
Carbon???
graphite
CARBON is the chemical
element with symbol C and atomic number 6. As a member of group 14 on the periodic table, it is
nonmetallic and tetravalent—making four electrons available to form covalent chemical bonds. There
are three naturally occurring isotopes, with 12C and 13C being stable, while 14C is radioactive.

4. ORIGIN OF CARBON IN NATURE …..
 The Earth’s Crust, has only 0.02%carbon in the form of
minerals(like carbonates, bicarbonates, coal, and
petroleum).
 The atmosphere has only 0.03% of Carbon Dioxide.
 In spite of its small amount available in nature, carbon
is a Versatile Element as it forms the basis for all living
organisms and many things which we use.
 It is also present in our
body in different forms
like carbohydrates, fats
etc. with 23%.

5. Four main reason :-
a) Catenation – The self linking property of
Carbon with other carbon atoms giving rise to
large molecules.
b)Tetracovalency– Having 4
electrons in outermost
shell.

6. Four main reason :-
c)Multiple Bond Formation – Formation of
unsaturated compounds due to double or
triple bonds.
d)Isomerism – A phenomenon by which a
compound has same chemical formulae, but
different structural formulae

7. graphite
GRAPHITE DIAMOND FULLERENESS

8. Atomic no. of Carbon= 6
Electronic Configuration has 2 electrons in K shell and 4
electrons in L shell.
It can not lose 4 electrons because it requires a lot of
energy.
In case of gaining 6 protons cannot hold 10 electrons.
Therefore, it share 4 electrons to become stable.
These are called covalent bonds.
It is a strong, insoluble, insulating compound.

9. SATURATED
• Single bond between
two atoms.
• Alkanes are saturated.
• Example:-methane,
propane etc.
UNSATURATED
• Double bond between
two atoms.
• Alkenes and Alkynes.
• Example:-ethene,
propyne etc.

10. ALKANES
Saturated Covalent Compounds.
Single Bond Between Two Carbon Atoms.
Form A Homologous Series.
Use The Prefix –Ane.

11. Functional Groups…

12. Some Functional Groups

13. •Series of compound in which
the same functional group
substitutes for hydrogen in a
carbon chain.
•Two consecutive compounds
differ in mass by 14u.
•Two consecutive compounds
differ by CH2.
•They have similar chemical
properties.
•They have different physical
properties.
Homologous Series

14. CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF
CARBON COMPOUNDS

15. Some uses & products
of carbon
 Soaps and Synthetic Detergents-
Soaps and detergents are substances used for cleaning .