Carbon is a nonmetallic element that can form four covalent bonds. It exists in several allotropes including graphite, diamond, and fullerenes. Hydrocarbons are organic compounds made of only carbon and hydrogen. Saturated hydrocarbons have only single bonds between carbon atoms while unsaturated hydrocarbons have double or triple bonds. The structure and properties of hydrocarbons depend on the number of carbon atoms and their arrangement in chains, branches, or rings. Functional groups are specific atomic groups that determine a molecule's chemical reactivity.