The document discusses design for disassembly and how principles of buildability can inform it. It provides background on buildability research and identifies some of the key principles of buildability, such as simplicity, standardization, and clear communication. It then examines how some buildability principles can be applied to design for disassembly, such as minimizing component types, using modular designs, and ensuring accessibility to all parts of the building.

1. Dr f Dejahang (BSc CEng, BSc (Hons) Construction Mgmt, MSc, MCIOB, PhD)
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Dr f Dejahang BSc CEng, BSc (Hons)
Construction Mgmt, MSc, PhD

3. 1
•Most buildings are
designed with a life
expectancy of just a
few decades with no
consideration of what
will happen after their
service life.

4. 2
•One third of all solid
waste going to
landfill comes from
building
construction and
demolition.

5. 3-The negative
environmental
impacts of this waste
are substantial.

6. 4
•Such waste can be
avoided or reduced by
increasing the current
rates of reuse and
recycling of building
materials and
components.

7. 5
• One of the main obstacles
to such reuse is that
buildings are not designed
for such ease of
disassembly
• A developed knowledge
base for design for
disassembly does not yet
exist.

8. 6
•There are a number of
related fields of
knowledge that might
offer information that
will be of use in
designing for
disassembly.

9. -industrial design
-architectural technology
-structural engineering
-building maintenance
-and buildability

10. Research into this last area of
buildability has already
established some broad
concepts and philosophies of
how to achieve this goal by
considering steps such as:

11.  ease of assembly
 Information on how to design for
ease of assembly
 This should be transferable to
create knowledge of how to
design for disassembly.

12. Meaning of Buildability
'buildability is the extent to
which the design of a building
facilitates ease of construction,
subject to the overall
requirements for the completed
building'

13. Further definitions of
buildability share the two main
points of this definition;
1-It is about designing for ease of
construction
2-It is within a holistic vision of the
building project

14. Research into buildability can be
split into two types:
1-It looks at broad systems of
construction and the building process
in general.
2-It looks at particular heuristic
principles of how to design buildings for
better assembly or constructability.

15. University of Newcastle, Australia
has developed a conceptual model
of buildability.
Much of the more recent research into
buildability has focused on the broader
view of what it takes to make a
building easier to construct.

16.  Development of the model relies on a
systems view of the design-construction
process
 This model seeks to understand the
entire construction process as a system
of interrelated activities and people
 Each of which may have an impact on
the construction process (refer to Figure
below)

17. Philip Crowther
(Queensland University of
Technology, Brisbane, Australia)

18. Using such a systems
approach the researchers
have identified three
dimensions to the model
of buildability.

19. 1-The participants
2-The buildability
factors
3-The stages of the
building life cycle

20. The Supply Chain
clients, users, financiers,
regulatory bodies,
contractors, designers,
and numerous others

21. Buildability factors are the
cultural and technological
activities that might be
undertaken to achieve
ease of assembly.

22. Social
Factors
Technological
Factors
Managerial
Factors

23. BUILDABILITY/
DECONSTRUCTION
• feasibility study
• design
• documentation
• construction
• commissioning
• demolition or
deconstruction.

24.  Different researchers have developed their
principles in different ways but there is much
common ground in these proposed
strategies.
These strategies cover issues such as:
 access
 Timing
 skill levels
 Repetition
 tolerances and sequences.

25. BUILDABILITY/
DECONSTRUCTION
• Carry out thorough
investigation and design
• Plan for essential site
production requirements
• Plan for a practical
sequence of building
operations and early
enclosure

26. BUILDABILITY/
DECONSTRUCTIO
N
• Plan for simplicity of assembly
and logical trade sequences
• Detail for maximum repetition
and standardisation
• Detail for achievable tolerances
• Specify robust and suitable
materials

27. 3-Clear communication
Three principal criteria for good buildability
1-Simplicity 2-Standardisation

28. These three criteria are then
developed into sixteen design
principles for good buildability
Similar to the earlier CIRIA study, only some
of these principles are relevant to issue of
design for disassembly.

29. Buildability
• Construction-driven
planning and
programming
Buildability
• Design simplification

30. Buildability
• Standardisation
and repetition
of design
elements
Buildability
• Specification
development
for construction
efficiency

31. Buildability
• Modular and pre-
assembly designs
should be
developed to
facilitate
prefabrication and
installation
Buildability
• Designs should
allow for
accessibility of
labour, materials
and plant

32. Buildability
•Designs should facilitate
construction under
adverse weather
conditions

33. 1. Integration
2. Construction knowledge
3. Team skills
4. Corporate objectives
5. Available resources
6. External factors
7. Program
8. Construction methodology
9. Accessibility
10. Specifications
11. Construction innovation
12. Feedback

34.  While not all principles of buildability
will be relevant to design for
disassembly
 it is also true that not all principles of
design for disassembly will come from
buildability.
 This table shows only those principles
that have been informed by buildability
sources.

35. Minimise the number of different
types of components
This will simplify the process of
sorting on site and make the
potential for reprocess more
attractive due to the larger
quantities of same or similar items.

36. Use an open
building system
where parts of the
building are more
freely
interchangeable
and less unique to
one application
This will allow
alterations in
the building
layout through
relocation of
component
without
significant
modification

37. Use modular
design
use components
and pre-assembled
subassemblies that
are compatible
with other systems
both dimensionally
and functionally
Use assembly
technologies
that are
compatible
with standard
building
practice

38. Try to avoid
specialist
technologies
It will make
disassembly
difficult to perform
and may require
specialist labour and
equipment that
makes the option of
reuse more difficult

39. Provide access
to all parts of
the building
and all
components
Ease of access
will allow ease
of disassembly

40. If possible
allow for components to be
recovered from within the
building
TRYTO AVOID
use of specialist plant equipment

41. Use
components
that are
sized to suit
the intended
means of
handling
Allow for various
possible handling
options at all
stages of :
assembly,
disassembly,
transport,
reprocessing, and re-
assembly

42. Provide realistic
tolerances to
allow for
movement
during
disassembly
The disassembly
process may require
greater tolerances
than the
manufacture
process or the initial
assembly process

43. Design joints
and
connectors to
withstand
repeated use
Allow for
parallel
disassembly
rather than
sequential
disassembly

44. This will allow
components
or materials
be removed
without
disrupting
other
components
or material
Use prefabricated
subassemblies and
a system of mass
production - to
reduce site work
and allow greater
control over
component quality
and conformity

45. Sustain all
information on the
building manufacture
and assembly process