Explanation of the Researchproject Re-use Potential for Erasmus MC by Pieter Beurskens - Phd University Twente at the Booosting Workshop Circular Demolition @Erasmus MC.

1. - 1 -
Pieter Beurskens
PhD Researcher - University of Twente
“Development of a Reuse Potential tool”
Date 30 November 2016
Erasmus MC building H, HE & HS
(2005)
(2005)
(1958)

2. - 2 -
Content
1. Introduction reuse potential
2.1 Introduction Building He, Hs
2.2 Examine Reuse potential - Building Hs
3.1 Introduction Building H (Dijkzicht)
3.2 Examine reuse potential - Facade building H
4. Workshop

3. - 3 -
Reuse potential
TRANSFORMATION
CAPACITY
REUSEPOTENTIAL
Identification of
• Economic impact
• Environmental impact Integration RP tool in BIM
Durmisevic, 2006

4. - 4 -
Erasmus building He, Hs (2005)
Erasmus building He, Hs,
Rotterdam, Netherlands

5. - 5 -
Erasmus building He, Hs (2005)
Erasmus building He, Hs,
Rotterdam, Netherlands
1st
2nd
3rd
4th
5th
6th
-1st
He
Hs

6. - 6 -
Erasmus building He, Hs,
Rotterdam, Netherlands
Erasmus building He, Hs (2005)
1st
2nd
3rd
4th
5th
6th
-1st
Hs
He

7. - 7 -
Erasmus building Hs (2005)
toilet
group
installations
stairs
lift
stairs
Legend
structure
wind brace
floor plan - 4th floor

8. - 8 -
toilet
group
installations
stairs
lift
stairs
Legend
structure
wind brace
facade
floor plan - 4th floor
Erasmus building Hs (2005)
6m

9. - 9 -
Legend
+++
structure
wind brace
water supply
water drainage
heating
Erasmus building Hs (2005)

10. - 10 -
Erasmus building Hs (2005)
Legend
structure
wind brace
cable tray
(electra + data)
cable gutter

11. - 11 -
Erasmus building Hs (2005)
Legend
structure
wind brace
air supply
return air

12. - 12 -
+++
Legend
structure
wind brace
water supply
water drainage
heating
cable tray
(electra + data)
cable gutter
air supply
return air
Erasmus building Hs (2005)

13. - 13 -
Examine reuse potential - Building Hs

14. - 14 -
Examine reuse potential - Building Hs
TRANSFORMATION
CAPACITY
REUSEPOTENTIAL
Durmisevic, 2006

15. - 15 -
Examine reuse potential - Building Hs
Transformable Building StructuresChapter 5
choose demolition instead of disassembly. This brings into focus two-stage
assembly and disassembly. First, at the building site, where higher-level sub-
assemblies like systems and components are replaced for reuse/reconfiguration,
and secondly in the factory, where lower levels subassemblies, such as sub-
components and elements, are disassembled and replaced for reuse/
reconfiguration/recycling.
Figure 5.09 shows four types of building configuration distinguished by the number
of on-site assembly/disassembly operations. The problem of coordination between
different components and their assembly/disassembly operations grows along
this systematization from 1 to 4.
For example, a façade system can be structured following the pattern of functional
decomposition, into sub-functions such as: enclosing, finishing, isolating, water
protecting, and load bearing. Sub-functions can be allocated through independent
elements arranged into components, to form a particular façade system (Figure
5.10 right). These components are materialisations of sub-functions. In this way,
the façade system is composed of components that can have different use and
technical life cycles. This makes the façade system flexible, because it can be
easily modified, according to new requirements regarding light, insulation, position
of openings, etc. At the same time, components can be reused in other situations,
reconfigured or recycled. Development of such systems takes into account both
structure and material levels
choose demolition instead of disassembly. This brings into focus two-stage
assembly and disassembly. First, at the building site, where higher-level sub-
assemblies like systems and components are replaced for reuse/reconfiguration,
and secondly in the factory, where lower levels subassemblies, such as sub-
components and elements, are disassembled and replaced for reuse/
reconfiguration/recycling.
Figure 5.09 shows four types of building configuration distinguished by the number
of on-site assembly/disassembly operations. The problem of coordination between
different components and their assembly/disassembly operations grows along
this systematization from 1 to 4.
For example, a façade system can be structured following the pattern of functional
decomposition, into sub-functions such as: enclosing, finishing, isolating, water
protecting, and load bearing. Sub-functions can be allocated through independent
elements arranged into components, to form a particular façade system (Figure
5.10 right). These components are materialisations of sub-functions. In this way,
the façade system is composed of components that can have different use and
technical life cycles. This makes the façade system flexible, because it can be
easily modified, according to new requirements regarding light, insulation, position
of openings, etc. At the same time, components can be reused in other situations,
reconfigured or recycled. Development of such systems takes into account both
short-term strategies related to adaptation for future use, and a long-term strategy
related to the most beneficial end-of-life building component scenario. Houwever,
if there is no clustering with respect to systems sub-functions than most of systems
sub-functions are integrated into one composite component. Figure 5.10 left
illustrates such a system, where the load-bearing functions, light openings, and
subdivision of openings are combined into one material level. This system has
been developed for construction of a number of housing towers in Hong Kong.
Such a system structuring lacks transformational capacity and cannot be adapted
to different use requirements. At the end of a system’s service life, the only end-of-
life scenario is demolition and down-cycling of material.
Figure 5.09: Four types of building
configuration distinguished by the
number of on-site assembly/disassembly
operations.
choose demolition instead of disassembly. This brings into focus two-stage
assembly and disassembly. First, at the building site, where higher-level sub-
assemblies like systems and components are replaced for reuse/reconfiguration,
and secondly in the factory, where lower levels subassemblies, such as sub-
components and elements, are disassembled and replaced for reuse/
reconfiguration/recycling.
Figure 5.09 shows four types of building configuration distinguished by the number
of on-site assembly/disassembly operations. The problem of coordination between
different components and their assembly/disassembly operations grows along
this systematization from 1 to 4.
For example, a façade system can be structured following the pattern of functional
decomposition, into sub-functions such as: enclosing, finishing, isolating, water
protecting, and load bearing. Sub-functions can be allocated through independent
elements arranged into components, to form a particular façade system (Figure
5.10 right). These components are materialisations of sub-functions. In this way,
the façade system is composed of components that can have different use and
technical life cycles. This makes the façade system flexible, because it can be
easily modified, according to new requirements regarding light, insulation, position
of openings, etc. At the same time, components can be reused in other situations,
reconfigured or recycled. Development of such systems takes into account both
short-term strategies related to adaptation for future use, and a long-term strategy
related to the most beneficial end-of-life building component scenario. Houwever,
if there is no clustering with respect to systems sub-functions than most of systems
sub-functions are integrated into one composite component. Figure 5.10 left
illustrates such a system, where the load-bearing functions, light openings, and
subdivision of openings are combined into one material level. This system has
been developed for construction of a number of housing towers in Hong Kong.
Such a system structuring lacks transformational capacity and cannot be adapted
to different use requirements. At the end of a system’s service life, the only end-of-
life scenario is demolition and down-cycling of material.
Figure 5.09: Four types of building
configuration distinguished by the
number of on-site assembly/disassembly
operations.
Transformable Building StructuresChapter 5
choose demolition instead of disassembly. This brings into focus two-stage
assembly and disassembly. First, at the building site, where higher-level sub-
assemblies like systems and components are replaced for reuse/reconfiguration,
and secondly in the factory, where lower levels subassemblies, such as sub-
components and elements, are disassembled and replaced for reuse/
reconfiguration/recycling.
Figure 5.09 shows four types of building configuration distinguished by the number
of on-site assembly/disassembly operations. The problem of coordination between
different components and their assembly/disassembly operations grows along
this systematization from 1 to 4.
For example, a façade system can be structured following the pattern of functional
decomposition, into sub-functions such as: enclosing, finishing, isolating, water
protecting, and load bearing. Sub-functions can be allocated through independent
elements arranged into components, to form a particular façade system (Figure
5.10 right). These components are materialisations of sub-functions. In this way,
the façade system is composed of components that can have different use and
technical life cycles. This makes the façade system flexible, because it can be
easily modified, according to new requirements regarding light, insulation, position
of openings, etc. At the same time, components can be reused in other situations,
reconfigured or recycled. Development of such systems takes into account both
Assessment
1. components 1,0
2. elements/ components 0,8
3. elements 0,6
4. material/ element/ component 0,4
5. material/ element 0,2
6. material 0,1
installations
Floor level
+ 2700
installations

16. - 16 -
Examine reuse potential - Building Hs
Load bearing 5. material/ element 0,2
Enclosure 2. elements/ components 0,8
Infill 3. elements 0,6
Service 3. element 0,6
structure and material levels
Assessment
1. components 1,0
2. elements/ components 0,8
3. elements 0,6
4. material/ element/ component 0,4
5. material/ element 0,2
6. material 0,1
installations
Floor level
+ 2700
installations
1.00
St Co
+2.10
3.01
M St
3.02
Pl fi
Infill
3.04
LCF
3.05
LCP
elements
3.02
I Insu
Service
4.03
S HD
4.04
S VD
4.06
S WD
4.01
S CD
4.02
Ca G
4.04
Radtr
elements
1.01
St Be
1.05
Pr Bo
1.06
Co St
Load
bearing
1.04
St Fi
elements
materials
1.03
An Fl
1.03
IC Fl
1.02
Co Fl
1.00
St Co
2.10
La FF
2.13
SFF
2.11
Wi Fr
2.14
Ex Fi
2.12
In Fi
2.00
La FF
2.03
SFF
2.01
Wi Fr
2.04
Ex Fi
2.02
In Fi
2.06
Ex Fi
+2.00
La FF
-2.03
SFF
+2.10
La FF
-2.13
SFF
3.01
M St
3.02
Pl fi
2.15
So Sh
Infill
Enclosure
3.04
LCF
3.05
LCP
sub-systems
components
elements
elements
3.02
I Insu
Service
4.03
S HD
4.04
S VD
4.06
S WD
4.01
S CD
4.02
Ca G
4.04
Radtr
elements
2.05
So Sh
1.01
St Be
1.05
Pr Bo
1.06
Co St
Load
bearing
1.04
St Fi
elements
materials
1.03
An Fl
1.03
IC Fl
1.02
Co Fl
1.00
St Co
2.10
La FF
2.13
SFF
2.11
Wi Fr
2.14
Ex Fi
2.12
In Fi
2.00
La FF
2.03
SFF
2.01
Wi Fr
2.04
Ex Fi
2.02
In Fi
2.06
Ex Fi
+2.00
La FF
-2.03
SFF
+2.10
La FF
-2.13
SFF
3.01
M St
3.02
Pl fi
2.15
So Sh
Infill
Enclosure
3.04
LCF
3.05
LCP
sub-systems
components
elements
elements
3.02
I Insu
Service
4.03
S HD
4.04
S VD
4.06
S WD
4.01
S CD
4.02
Ca G
4.04
Radtr
elements
2.05
So Sh
1.01
St Be
1.05
Pr Bo
1.06
Co St
Load
bearing
1.04
St Fi
elements
materials
1.03
An Fl
1.03
IC Fl
1.02
Co Fl
2.10
La FF
2.13
SFF
2.11
Wi Fr
2.14
Ex Fi
2.12
In Fi
2.00
La FF
2.03
SFF
2.01
Wi Fr
2.04
Ex Fi
2.02
In Fi
2.06
Ex Fi
+2.00
La FF
-2.03
SFF
+2.10
La FF
-2.13
SFF
3.01
M St
3.02
Pl fi
2.15
So Sh
Infill
Enclosure
3.04
LCF
3.05
LCP
sub-systems
components
elements
elements
3.02
I Insu
Service
4.03
S HD
4.04
S VD
4.06
S WD
4.01
S CD
4.02
Ca G
4.04
Radtr
elements
2.05
So Sh
Co St
materials
1.03
An Fl
1.03
IC Fl

17. - 17 -
relational pattern
Assessment
1. vertical 1,0
2. horizontal in lower zone at the diagram 0,6
3. horizontal between upper and lower zone 0,4
4. horizontal in upper zone 0,1
Examine reuse potential - Building Hs
Transformable Building Structures
Horizontal relations in Figure 5.1
wall, electrical installation, and
surrounding elements would be
vertical relational diagram that
wall systems, which have a gre
5.3.3 Base element specifica
Figure 5.15: type of configuration as
result of the position of relations
between the functional groups.
Horizontal relations are common in static
configurations, vertical relations are
common in dynamic configurations. The
figure represents static, partly dynamic
and dynamic configurations of three wall
systems.
Functional decomposition
Teschnicladecomposition
Fun
A B
Transformable Building Structures Chapter 5
Horizontal relations in Figure 5.15 Aillustrate dependencies between the separation
wall, electrical installation, and finishing. If one element needs to be replaced, all
surrounding elements would be damaged. Figure 5.15 B and C illustrate more
vertical relational diagram that represents a partially open and open hierarchy of
wall systems, which have a greater transformational capacity.
5.3.3 Base element specification
Figure 5.15: type of configuration as
result of the position of relations
between the functional groups.
Horizontal relations are common in static
configurations, vertical relations are
common in dynamic configurations. The
figure represents static, partly dynamic
and dynamic configurations of three wall
systems.
Functional decomposition
Teschnicladecomposition
Functional decomposition Functional decomposition
A B C
Transformable Building Structures Chapter 5
Horizontal relations in Figure 5.15 Aillustrate dependencies between the separation
wall, electrical installation, and finishing. If one element needs to be replaced, all
surrounding elements would be damaged. Figure 5.15 B and C illustrate more
vertical relational diagram that represents a partially open and open hierarchy of
wall systems, which have a greater transformational capacity.
5.3.3 Base element specification
Figure 5.15: type of configuration as
result of the position of relations
between the functional groups.
Horizontal relations are common in static
configurations, vertical relations are
common in dynamic configurations. The
figure represents static, partly dynamic
and dynamic configurations of three wall
systems.
Functional decomposition
Teschnicladecomposition
Functional decomposition Functional decomposition
A B C
4.3.1.
installations
Floor level
+ 2700
installations
Functional decomposition
Technicaldecomposition
Functional decomposition
Technicaldecomposition
Functional decomposition
Technicaldecomposition

18. - 18 -
installations
Floor level
+ 2700
installations
relational pattern
Examine reuse potential - Building Hs
1.00
St Co
1.01
St Be
1.05
Pr Bo
2.10
La FF
2.13
SFF
2.11
Wi Fr
2.14
Ex Fi
2.12
In Fi
2.00
La FF
2.03
SFF
2.01
Wi Fr
2.04
Ex Fi
2.02
In Fi
2.06
Ex Fi
+2.00
La FF
-2.03
SFF
+2.10
La FF
-2.13
SFF
1.06
Co St
3.01
M St
3.02
Pl fi
2.15
So Sh
Infill
Enclosure
Load
bearing
3.04
LCF
3.05
LCP
sub-systems
components
elements
elements
3.02
I Insu
Service
4.03
S HD
4.04
S VD
4.06
S WD
4.01
S CD
4.02
Ca G
4.04
Radtr
elements
2.05
So Sh
elements
materials
1.03
An Fl
1.03
IC Fl
1.02
Co Fl
vertical connections
horizontal connections
Type of connection
1.04
St Fi
building level 0,4
Assessment
1. vertical 1,0
2. horizontal in lower zone at the diagram 0,6
3. horizontal between upper and lower zone 0,4
4. horizontal in upper zone 0,1
1.01
St Be
2.10
La FF
2.13
SFF
2.11
Wi Fr
2.14
Ex Fi
2.12
In Fi
2.00
La FF
2.03
SFF
2.01
Wi Fr
2.04
Ex Fi
2.02
In Fi
2.06
Ex Fi
+2.00
La FF
-2.03
SFF
+2.10
La FF
-2.13
SFF
3.01
M St
3.02
Pl fi
2.15
So Sh
Infill
Enclosure
3.04
LCF
3.05
LCP
sub-systems
components
elements
elements
3.02
I Insu
2.05
So Sh
elements
materials
1.03
An Fl
1.03
IC Fl
1.02
Co Fl
vertical connections
horizontal connections
Type of connection
1.04
St Fi

19. - 19 -
installations
Floor level
+ 2700
installations
relational pattern
Assessment
1. vertical 1,0
2. horizontal in lower zone at the diagram 0,6
3. horizontal between upper and lower zone 0,4
4. horizontal in upper zone 0,1
Examine reuse potential - Building Hs
system level
1.00
St Co
3.01
M St
Infill
3.04
LCF
elements
Service
4.03
S HD
4.04
S VD
4.06
S WD
4.01
S CD
4.02
elements
1.01
St Be
1.05
Pr Bo
1.06
Co St
Load
bearing
1.04
St Fi
elements
materials
1.03
An Fl
1.03
IC Fl
1.02
Co Fl
2.10
La FF
2.13
SFF
2.11
Wi Fr
2.14
Ex Fi
2.12
In Fi
2.00
La FF
2.03
SFF
2.01
Wi Fr
2.04
Ex Fi
2.02
In Fi
2.06
Ex Fi
+2.00
La FF
-2.03
SFF
+2.10
La FF
-2.13
SFF
2.15
So Sh
Enclosure
sub-systems
components
elements
elements
3
I
2.05
So Sh
Load bearing 3. horizontal between upper and lower zone 0,4
Enclosure 2. horizontal in lower zone at the diagram 0,6
1.01
St Be
2.10
La FF
2.13
SFF
2.11
Wi Fr
2.14
Ex Fi
2.12
In Fi
2.00
La FF
2.03
SFF
2.01
Wi Fr
2.04
Ex Fi
2.02
In Fi
2.06
Ex Fi
+2.00
La FF
-2.03
SFF
+2.10
La FF
-2.13
SFF
3.01
M St
3.02
Pl fi
2.15
So Sh
Infill
Enclosure
3.04
LCF
3.05
LCP
sub-systems
components
elements
elements
3.02
I Insu
2.05
So Sh
elements
materials
1.03
An Fl
1.03
IC Fl
1.02
Co Fl
vertical connections
horizontal connections
Type of connection
1.04
St Fi

20. - 20 -
Examine reuse potential - Building Hs
base element specification
Assessment
1. base element - intermediary between systems/compo-
nents 1,0
2. base element on two levels 0,6
3. element with two functions (base element + function)
0,4
4. no base element 0,1
176
TraChapter 5
Figure 5.16 shows four principles of defining the façade and the role that
specification of a base element can have on decomposition of a façade element.
Principle 1 in Figure 5.16 is based on the assumption that building parts are
assembled on site. In this principle, elements, which according to their functionality
belong to the functional assembly of the façade (f1), have direct relations with
other functional assemblies (load-bearing construction) (f2). Column (a) has the
function of the base element for all elements in assembly, and therefore has
connections with them all.
In principle 2, two functions (f1, f2) are clustered into one component. The wooden
frame (b) is the base element for the façade assembly, and at the same time has
a load bearing function in the building. This makes the construction process
simpler, however, change of one façade panel would have consequences for the
stability of the total structure.
Principle 3 shows an independent assembly of two independent functions (f1, f2).
Elements assembled as façade (b, b1, b2, b3) are clustered into one component,
where the wooden frame (b) is chosen as the base element. The load-bearing
function (a) is taken out and defined as an independent assembly. In this case,
the load bearing elements act as a frame for the whole building and the wooden
frame b is the base for the façade assembly. This serves as an intermediary
between the load bearing assembly and independent elements of the façade.
installations
Floor level
+ 2700
installations
1.00
St Co
3.01
M St
Infill
3.04
LCF
Service
4.04
S VD
4.06
S WD
4.01
1.01
St Be
1.05
Pr Bo
1.06
Co St
Load
bearing
elements
materials
1.03
An Fl
1.03
IC Fl
1.02
Co Fl
1.02
Co Fl
1.04
St Fi
Building level
Load bearing 1. base element B-level 1,0

21. - 21 -
Examine reuse potential - Building Hs
base element specification
Assessment
1. base element - intermediary between systems/compo-
nents 1,0
2. base element on two levels 0,6
3. element with two functions (base element + function)
0,4
4. no base element 0,1
176
TraChapter 5
Figure 5.16 shows four principles of defining the façade and the role that
specification of a base element can have on decomposition of a façade element.
Principle 1 in Figure 5.16 is based on the assumption that building parts are
assembled on site. In this principle, elements, which according to their functionality
belong to the functional assembly of the façade (f1), have direct relations with
other functional assemblies (load-bearing construction) (f2). Column (a) has the
function of the base element for all elements in assembly, and therefore has
connections with them all.
In principle 2, two functions (f1, f2) are clustered into one component. The wooden
frame (b) is the base element for the façade assembly, and at the same time has
a load bearing function in the building. This makes the construction process
simpler, however, change of one façade panel would have consequences for the
stability of the total structure.
Principle 3 shows an independent assembly of two independent functions (f1, f2).
Elements assembled as façade (b, b1, b2, b3) are clustered into one component,
where the wooden frame (b) is chosen as the base element. The load-bearing
function (a) is taken out and defined as an independent assembly. In this case,
the load bearing elements act as a frame for the whole building and the wooden
frame b is the base for the façade assembly. This serves as an intermediary
between the load bearing assembly and independent elements of the façade.
installations
Floor level
+ 2700
installations
2.10
La FF
2.13
SFF
2.11
Wi Fr
2.14
Ex Fi
2.12
In Fi
2.00
La FF
2.03
SFF
2.01
Wi Fr
2.04
Ex Fi
2.02
In Fi
2.06
Ex Fi
+2.00
La FF
-2.03
SFF
+2.10
La FF
-2.13
SFF
3.01
M St
3.02
Pl fi
2.15
So Sh
Infill
Enclosure
3.04
LCF
3.05
LCP
sub-systems
components
elements
elements
3.02
I Insu
Service
4.0
S H
4.04
S VD
4.06
S WD
4.01
S CD
4.02
Ca G
4.0
Rad
elements
2.05
So Sh
system level
Load bearing 1. base element B-level 1,0
Enclosure 1. base element S-level 1,0

22. - 22 -
Examine reuse potential - Building Hs
base element specification
Assessment
1. base element - intermediary between systems/compo-
nents 1,0
2. base element on two levels 0,6
3. element with two functions (base element + function)
0,4
4. no base element 0,1
176
TraChapter 5
Figure 5.16 shows four principles of defining the façade and the role that
specification of a base element can have on decomposition of a façade element.
Principle 1 in Figure 5.16 is based on the assumption that building parts are
assembled on site. In this principle, elements, which according to their functionality
belong to the functional assembly of the façade (f1), have direct relations with
other functional assemblies (load-bearing construction) (f2). Column (a) has the
function of the base element for all elements in assembly, and therefore has
connections with them all.
In principle 2, two functions (f1, f2) are clustered into one component. The wooden
frame (b) is the base element for the façade assembly, and at the same time has
a load bearing function in the building. This makes the construction process
simpler, however, change of one façade panel would have consequences for the
stability of the total structure.
Principle 3 shows an independent assembly of two independent functions (f1, f2).
Elements assembled as façade (b, b1, b2, b3) are clustered into one component,
where the wooden frame (b) is chosen as the base element. The load-bearing
function (a) is taken out and defined as an independent assembly. In this case,
the load bearing elements act as a frame for the whole building and the wooden
frame b is the base for the façade assembly. This serves as an intermediary
between the load bearing assembly and independent elements of the façade.
installations
Floor level
+ 2700
installations
sub-system level
Load bearing 1. base element B-level 1,0
Enclosure 1. base element S-level 1,0
Enclosure 1. base element SS-level 4x 1,0
2. base el. two lvls SS-level 3x 0,6
Total enclosure SS-level 0,83
1.00
St Co
1.01
St Be
1.05
Pr Bo
2.10
La FF
2.13
SFF
2.11
Wi Fr
2.14
Ex Fi
2.12
In Fi
2.00
La FF
2.03
SFF
2.01
Wi Fr
2.04
Ex Fi
2.02
In Fi
2.06
Ex Fi
+2.00
La FF
-2.03
SFF
+2.10
La FF
-2.13
SFF
1.06
Co St
3.01
M St
3.02
Pl fi
2.15
So Sh
Infill
Enclosure
Load
bearing
3.04
LCF
3.05
LCP
sub-systems
components
elements
elements
3.02
I Insu
Service
4.03
S HD
4.04
S VD
4.06
S WD
4.01
S CD
4.02
Ca G
4.04
Radtr
elements
2.05
So Sh
elements
materials
1.03
An Fl
1.03
IC Fl
1.02
Co Fl
1.04
St Fi

23. - 23 -
standardization of product edge
Assessment
1. pre-made geometry 1,0
2. half standardized geometry 0,5
3. geometry made on construction site 0,1
Examine reuse potential - Building Hs
installations
Floor level
+ 2700
installations
Load bearing average 0,71
Enclosure average 0,94
Infill average 0,6
Service average 0,58
1.00
St Co
+2.10
3.01
M St
3.02
Pl fi
Infill
3.04
LCF
3.05
LCP
elements
3.02
I Insu
Service
4.03
S HD
4.04
S VD
4.06
S WD
4.01
S CD
4.02
Ca G
4.04
Radtr
elements
1.01
St Be
1.05
Pr Bo
1.06
Co St
Load
bearing
elements
materials
1.03
An Fl
1.03
IC Fl
1.02
Co Fl
1,0
metry 0,5
e 0,1
1.04
St Fi
1.00
St Co
2.10
La FF
2.13
SFF
2.11
Wi Fr
2.14
Ex Fi
2.12
In Fi
2.00
La FF
2.03
SFF
2.01
Wi Fr
2.04
Ex Fi
2.02
In Fi
2.06
Ex Fi
+2.00
La FF
-2.03
SFF
+2.10
La FF
-2.13
SFF
3.01
M St
3.02
Pl fi
2.15
So Sh
Infill
Enclosure
3.04
LCF
3.05
LCP
sub-systems
components
elements
elements
3.02
I Insu
Service
4.03
S HD
4.04
S VD
4.06
S WD
4.01
S CD
4.02
Ca G
4.04
Radtr
elements
2.05
So Sh
1.01
St Be
1.05
Pr Bo
1.06
Co St
Load
bearing
elements
materials
1.03
An Fl
1.03
IC Fl
1.02
Co Fl
1. Pre-made geometry 1,0
2. half standardized geometry 0,5
3. Geometry made on site 0,1
Assessment
1.04
St Fi
1.00
St Co
2.10
La FF
2.13
SFF
2.11
Wi Fr
2.14
Ex Fi
2.12
In Fi
2.00
La FF
2.03
SFF
2.01
Wi Fr
2.04
Ex Fi
2.02
In Fi
2.06
Ex Fi
+2.00
La FF
-2.03
SFF
+2.10
La FF
-2.13
SFF
3.01
M St
3.02
Pl fi
2.15
So Sh
Infill
Enclosure
3.04
LCF
3.05
LCP
sub-systems
components
elements
elements
3.02
I Insu
Service
4.03
S HD
4.04
S VD
4.06
S WD
4.01
S CD
4.02
Ca G
4.04
Radtr
elements
2.05
So Sh
1.01
St Be
1.05
Pr Bo
1.06
Co St
Load
bearing
elements
materials
1.03
An Fl
1.03
IC Fl
1.02
Co Fl
1. Pre-made geometry 1,0
2. half standardized geometry 0,5
3. Geometry made on site 0,1
Assessment
1.04
St Fi
2.10
La FF
2.13
SFF
2.11
Wi Fr
2.14
Ex Fi
2.12
In Fi
2.00
La FF
2.03
SFF
2.01
Wi Fr
2.04
Ex Fi
2.02
In Fi
2.06
Ex Fi
+2.00
La FF
-2.03
SFF
+2.10
La FF
-2.13
SFF
3.01
M St
3.02
Pl fi
2.15
So Sh
Infill
Enclosure
3.04
LCF
3.05
LCP
sub-systems
components
elements
elements
3.02
I Insu
Service
4.03
S HD
4.04
S VD
4.06
S WD
4.01
S CD
4.02
Ca G
4.04
Radtr
elements
2.05
So Sh
Co St
materials
1.03
An Fl
1.03
IC Fl
2. half standardized geometry 0,5
3. Geometry made on site 0,1
Infill
Loa
bear
elements
materials
1.03
An Fl
1
IC
1
C
1. Pre-made geometry 1,0
2. half standardized geometry 0,5
3. Geometry made on site 0,1
Assessment

24. - 24 -
assembly direction
Examine reuse potential - Building Hs
181
Figure 5.20: Five assembly relations play
a role in typology of the configurations.
Distinction is based on the assembly
direction.
installations
Floor level
+ 2700
installations
Transformable Building Structures Chapter 5
Figure 5.20: Five assembly relations play
a role in typology of the configurations.
Distinction is based on the assembly
direction.

25. assembly direction
- 25 -
installations
Floor level
+ 2700
installations
Step 2
Step 1
Step 3
Step 4
Step 5
Step 6
Step 7
Step 8
Step 9
Assemblysequences
Step 10
Step 11
Step 12
Step 13
Step 14
Examine reuse potential - Building Hs

26. assembly direction
- 26 -
installations
Floor level
+ 2700
installations
Step 2
Step 1
Step 3
Step 4
Step 5
Step 6
Step 7
Step 8
Step 9
Assemblysequences
Step 10
Step 11
Step 12
Step 13
Step 14
E1
E1 steel structure
Examine reuse potential - Building Hs

27. assembly direction
- 27 -
installations
Floor level
+ 2700
installations
Step 2
Step 1
Step 3
Step 4
Step 5
Step 6
Step 7
Step 8
Step 9
Assemblysequences
Step 10
Step 11
Step 12
Step 13
Step 14
E2
E2 prefab concrete floorE1
E1 steel structure
Examine reuse potential - Building Hs

28. assembly direction
- 28 -
installations
Floor level
+ 2700
installations
Step 2
Step 1
Step 3
Step 4
Step 5
Step 6
Step 7
Step 8
Step 9
Assemblysequences
Step 10
Step 11
Step 12
Step 13
Step 14
M3
M3 in-situ concrete floorE2
E2 prefab concrete floorE1
E1 steel structure
Examine reuse potential - Building Hs

29. - 29 -
installations
Floor level
+ 2700
installations
Examine reuse potential - Building Hs
Step 2
Step 1
Step 3
Step 4
Step 5
Step 6
Step 7
Step 8
Step 9
Assemblysequences
Step 10
Step 11
Step 12
Step 13
Step 14 E23
E23 cable gutter
E22
E22 lowered ceiling
E21
E21 radiator
E20 E20 installations (air distribution, electa
& data distribution, water distribution)
E19
E19 interior partitioning
C18 C18 Solar shading
E17 E17 wall finishE16
E16 exterior facade cladding panels
E15 E15 windowsillE14
E14 cladding around window frameC13
C13 window frame
E12
E12 wooden cladding suspension barE11
E11 Flashing profile
M10
M10 anhydrite floor
E9 facade connection
E9
C8
C8 small facade frameC7
C7 main facade frame
C6
C6 adjacent facade componentE5
E5 fire resistant material
E4
E4 facade connection device
M3
M3 in-situ concrete floorE2
E2 prefab concrete floorE1
E1 steel structure
installations
Floor level
+ 2700
installations
assembly direction

30. - 30 -
Examine reuse potential - Building Hs
installations
Floor level
+ 2700
installations
Main facade frame cluster
Step 2
Step 1
Step 3
Step 4
Step 5
Step 6
Step 7
Step 8
Step 9
Assemblysequences
Step 10
Step 11
Step 12
Step 13
Step 14 E23
E23 cable gutter
E22
E22 lowered ceiling
E21
E21 radiator
E20 E20 installations (air distribution, electa
& data distribution, water distribution)
E19
E19 interior partitioning
C18 C18 Solar shading
E17 E17 wall finishE16
E16 exterior facade cladding panels
E15 E15 windowsillE14
E14 cladding around window frameC13
C13 window frame
E12
E12 wooden cladding suspension barE11
E11 Flashing profile
M10
M10 anhydrite floor
E9 facade connection
E9
C8
C8 small facade frameC7
C7 main facade frame
C6
C6 adjacent facade componentE5
E5 fire resistant material
E4
E4 facade connection device
M3
M3 in-situ concrete floorE2
E2 prefab concrete floorE1
E1 steel structure
assembly direction

31. - 31 -
Examine reuse potential - Building Hs
installations
Floor level
+ 2700
installations
Main facade frame cluster
Step 13
Step 14
Step 12
Step 11
Step 10
Step 9
Step 8
Step 7
Step 6
Disassemblysequence
Step 5
Step 4
Step 3
Step 2
Step 1 E23
E23 cable gutter
E22
E22 lowered ceiling
E21
E21 radiator
E20 E20 installations (air distribution, electa
& data distribution, water distribution)
E19
E19 interior partitioning
C18
C18 Solar shading
E17
E17 wall finishE16
E16 exterior facade cladding panels
E15
E15 windowsill
E14
E14 cladding around window frame
C13
C13 window frame
E12
E12 wooden cladding suspension bar
E11 E11 Flashing profile
M10
M10 anhydrite floor
E9 facade connection
E9
C8
C8 small facade frame
C7
C7 main facade frame
C6
C6 adjacent facade componentE5
E5 fire resistant material
E4
E4 facade connection device
M3
M3 in-situ concrete floorE2
E2 prefab concrete floorE1
E1 steel structure
assembly direction

32. - 32 -
Main facade frame cluster
Step 13
Step 14
Step 12
Step 11
Step 10
Step 9
Step 8
Step 7
Step 6
Disassemblysequence
Step 5
Step 4
Step 3
Step 2
Step 1 E23
E23 cable gutter
E22
E22 lowered ceiling
E21
E21 radiator
E20 E20 installations (air distribution, electa
& data distribution, water distribution)
E19
E19 interior partitioning
C18
C18 Solar shading
E17
E17 wall finishE16
E16 exterior facade cladding panels
E15
E15 windowsill
E14
E14 cladding around window frame
C13
C13 window frame
E12
E12 wooden cladding suspension bar
E11 E11 Flashing profile
M10
M10 anhydrite floor
E9 facade connection
E9
C8
C8 small facade frame
C7
C7 main facade frame
C6
C6 adjacent facade componentE5
E5 fire resistant material
E4
E4 facade connection device
M3
M3 in-situ concrete floorE2
E2 prefab concrete floorE1
E1 steel structure
Examine reuse potential - Building Hs
installations
Floor level
+ 2700
installationsinstallationsinstallations
Floor level
+ 2700
assembly direction

33. - 33 -
Main facade frame cluster
Step 13
Step 14
Step 12
Step 11
Step 10
Step 9
Step 8
Step 7
Step 6
Disassemblysequence
Step 5
Step 4
Step 3
Step 2
Step 1 E23
E23 cable gutter
E22
E22 lowered ceiling
E21
E21 radiator
E20 E20 installations (air distribution, electa
& data distribution, water distribution)
E19
E19 interior partitioning
C18
C18 Solar shading
E17
E17 wall finishE16
E16 exterior facade cladding panels
E15
E15 windowsill
E14
E14 cladding around window frame
C13
C13 window frame
E12
E12 wooden cladding suspension bar
E11 E11 Flashing profile
M10
M10 anhydrite floor
E9 facade connection
E9
C8
C8 small facade frame
C7
C7 main facade frame
C6
C6 adjacent facade componentE5
E5 fire resistant material
E4
E4 facade connection device
M3
M3 in-situ concrete floorE2
E2 prefab concrete floorE1
E1 steel structure
Examine reuse potential - Building Hs
installations
Floor level
+ 2700
installationsinstallationsinstallations
Floor level
+ 2700
assembly direction

34. Assessment
1. gravity attractor 1,0
2. parrallel 0,6
3. semi-parralel 0,4
4. sequential 0,1
Enclosure 3. semi-parralel 0,4
- 34 -
Examine reuse potential - Building Hs
installations
Floor level
+ 2700
installations
cut loose cut loose
Main facade frame cluster
Step 13
Step 14
Step 12
Step 11
Step 10
Step 9
Step 8
Step 7
Step 6
Disassemblysequence
Step 5
Step 4
Step 3
Step 2
Step 1 E23
E23 cable gutter
E22
E22 lowered ceiling
E21
E21 radiator
E20 E20 installations (air distribution, electa
& data distribution, water distribution)
E19
E19 interior partitioning
C18
C18 Solar shading
E17
E17 wall finishE16
E16 exterior facade cladding panels
E15
E15 windowsill
E14
E14 cladding around window frame
C13
C13 window frame
E12
E12 wooden cladding suspension bar
E11 E11 Flashing profile
M10
M10 anhydrite floor
E9 facade connection
E9
C8
C8 small facade frame
C7
C7 main facade frame
C6
C6 adjacent facade componentE5
E5 fire resistant material
E4
E4 facade connection device
M3
M3 in-situ concrete floorE2
E2 prefab concrete floorE1
E1 steel structure
assembly direction

35. - 35 -
Examine reuse potential - Building Hs
functional dependence
Chapter 5
Scenario 4:
total separation or zoning
Functional incorporation can also be shown using examples of façades. Often,
relocation or resizing of façade openings has consequences on load bearing
elements, or on the finishing of a façade. Portions of a brick façade as well as its
inner wall may need to be demolished .
5.2.2 Systematisation
1
c - construction
f - finishing
s - servicing
i - isolation4
2
3
total integration
planned interpenetration
unplanned interpenetration
total seperation
Functions within
floor system:
TraChapter 5
Scenario 4:
total separation or zoning
Functional incorporation can also be shown using examples of façades. Often,
relocation or resizing of façade openings has consequences on load bearing
elements, or on the finishing of a façade. Portions of a brick façade as well as its
inner wall may need to be demolished .
1
c - construction
f - finishing
s - servicing
i - isolation4
2
3
total integration
planned interpenetration
unplanned interpenetration
total seperation
Functions within a
floor system:
installations
Floor level
+ 2700
installations
Installations (air, electra & data and water
distribution) - total seperation 1,0
Heating - planned interpenetration 0,8
Cable gutter - planned interpenetration 0,8
Assessment
1. modular zoning 1,0
2. planned interpenetration for different solutions 0,8
3. planned interpenetration for one solution 0,4
4. unplanned interpenetration 0,2
5. total dependency 0,1

36. - 36 -
type of connection
Assessment
Examine reuse potential - Building Hs
183
Transformable Building Structures Chapter 5
or can be connections between concrete floor panels, or bricks etc. Disassembly
of such connections is often impossible, or it requires development of special
deconstruction technologies as for example laser technologies.
Type of connections is determined by type of material in connection, does it has
accessory, type of accessory and position of accessory.
Four basic displacements that together make all transformations in the structure
are: elimination, addition, relocation, and substitution. The structure of a building
or its parts can be transformed by elimination of an element. It can also be
Direct chemical connection
two elements are permanently fixed (no
reuse, no recycling)
direct connections between two
pre-made components
two elements are dependent in assembly/
disassembly (no component reuse)
indirect connection with third
chemical material
two elements are connected permanently
with third material (no reuse, no recycling)
direct connections with additional
fixing devices
two elements are connected with accessory
which can be replaced. If one element has
to be removed than whole connection needs
to be dismantled
indirect connection via dependent
third component
two elements/components are separated
with third element/component, but they
have dependence in assembly (reuse is
restricted)
indirect connection via independent
third component
there is dependence in assembly/
disassembly but all elements could be
reused or recycled
indirect with additional fixing device
with change of one element another stays
untouched
all elements could be reused or recycled
type of connection graphic representation dependence in assembly
fixed
flexible
Figure 5.21: Seven principles of
connections ranged from fixed to flexible
connections.
installations
Floor level
+ 2700
installations
2.12
In Fi
2.00
La FF
2.03
SFF
2.01
Wi Fr
2.04
Ex Fi
2.02
In Fi
2.06
Ex Fi
+2.00
La FF
-2.03
SFF
Enclosure
sub-systems
components
elements
2.05
So Sh
1. Indirect with additional fixing device 1,0
2. Indirect connection via independent third element 0,8
3. Indirect connection via dependent third element 0,7
4. Direct connection with additional fixing device 0,6
5. Direct connec. between two pre-made comp. 0,4
6. Indirect connection with third chemical material 0,2
7. Direct chemical connection 0,1
Type of connection

37. - 37 -
type of connection
Examine reuse potential - Building Hs
installations
Floor level
+ 2700
installations
1.00
St Co
1.01
St Be
1.05
Pr Bo
2.10
La FF
2.13
SFF
2.11
Wi Fr
2.14
Ex Fi
2.12
In Fi
2.00
La FF
2.03
SFF
2.01
Wi Fr
2.04
Ex Fi
2.02
In Fi
2.06
Ex Fi
+2.00
La FF
-2.03
SFF
+2.10
La FF
-2.13
SFF
1.06
Co St
3.01
M St
3.02
Pl fi
2.15
So Sh
Infill
Enclosure
Load
bearing
3.04
LCF
3.05
LCP
sub-systems
components
elements
elements
3.02
I Insu
Service
4.03
S HD
4.04
S VD
4.06
S WD
4.01
S CD
4.02
Ca G
4.04
Radtr
elements
2.05
So Sh
elements
materials
1.03
An Fl
1.03
IC Fl
1.02
Co Fl
1. Indirect with additional fixing device 1,0
2. Indirect connection via independent third element 0,8
3. Indirect connection via dependent third element 0,7
4. Direct connection with additional fixing device 0,6
5. Direct connec. between two pre-made comp. 0,4
6. Indirect connection with third chemical material 0,2
7. Direct chemical connection 0,1
Type of connection
1.04
St Fi
1.00
St Co
1.01
St Be
1.05
Pr Bo
2.10
La FF
2.13
SFF
2.11
Wi Fr
2.14
Ex Fi
2.12
In Fi
2.00
La FF
2.03
SFF
2.01
Wi Fr
2.04
Ex Fi
2.02
In Fi
2.06
Ex Fi
+2.00
La FF
-2.03
SFF
+2.10
La FF
-2.13
SFF
1.06
Co St
3.01
M St
3.02
Pl fi
2.15
So Sh
Infill
Enclosure
Load
bearing
3.04
LCF
3.05
LCP
sub-systems
components
elements
elements
3.02
I Insu
4.06
S WD
elements
2.05
So Sh
elements
materials
1.03
An Fl
1.03
IC Fl
1.02
Co Fl
1. Indirect with additional fixing device 1,0
2. Indirect connection via independent third element 0,8
3. Indirect connection via dependent third element 0,7
4. Direct connection with additional fixing device 0,6
5. Direct connec. between two pre-made comp. 0,4
6. Indirect connection with third chemical material 0,2
7. Direct chemical connection 0,1
Type of connection
1.04
St Fi
Load bearing average 0,36
Enclosure average 0,79
Infill average 0,58
Service average 0,58

38. - 38 -
0,00
0,20
0,40
0,60
0,80
1,00
1. assembly direction
2. functional
dependence
3. structure and
material levels
4. base element
specification
5. relational pattern
6. standardization of
product edge
7. type of connection
Service
0,00
0,20
0,40
0,60
0,80
1,00
1. assembly direction
2. functional
dependence
3. structure and
material levels
4. base element
specification
5. relational pattern
6. standardization of
product edge
7. type of connection
Enclosure
0,00
0,20
0,40
0,60
0,80
1,00
1. assembly direction
2. functional
dependence
3. structure and
material levels
4. base element
specification
5. relational pattern
6. standardization of
product edge
7. type of connection
Load bearing
Results reuse potential - Building Hs
installations
Floor level
+ 2700
installations
Reuse potential average
load bearing 0,59
enclosure 0,74
infill 0,44
service 0,46
0,00
0,20
0,40
0,60
0,80
1,00
1. assembly direction
2. functional
dependence
3. structure and
material levels
4. base element
specification
5. relational pattern
6. standardization of
product edge
7. type of connection
Infill

39. - 39 -
0,00
0,20
0,40
0,60
0,80
1,00
1. assembly direction
2. functional
dependence
3. structure and
material levels
4. base element
specification
5. relational pattern
6. standardization of
product edge
7. type of connection
Service
0,00
0,20
0,40
0,60
0,80
1,00
1. assembly direction
2. functional
dependence
3. structure and
material levels
4. base element
specification
5. relational pattern
6. standardization of
product edge
7. type of connection
Enclosure
0,00
0,20
0,40
0,60
0,80
1,00
1. assembly direction
2. functional
dependence
3. structure and
material levels
4. base element
specification
5. relational pattern
6. standardization of
product edge
7. type of connection
Load bearing
Results reuse potential - Building Hs
installations
Floor level
+ 2700
installations
Reuse potential average
load bearing 0,59
enclosure 0,74
infill 0,44
service 0,46
0,00
0,20
0,40
0,60
0,80
1,00
1. assembly direction
2. functional
dependence
3. structure and
material levels
4. base element
specification
5. relational pattern
6. standardization of
product edge
7. type of connection
Infill

40. - 40 -
Erasmus building H, Dijkzicht (1960)

41. - 41 -
EAST FACADE
WEST FACADE
16
15 17
19
20
21
Erasmus building H, Dijkzicht (1960)
Section B-B

42. - 42 -
6th floor similar to 2nd - 9th floor
Erasmus building H, Dijkzicht (1960)

43. - 43 -
1.00
St Co
1.01
St Be
1.05
Pr Bo
2.10
La FF
2.13
SFF
2.11
Wi Fr
2.14
Ex Fi
2.12
In Fi
2.00
La FF
2.03
SFF
2.01
Wi Fr
2.04
Ex Fi
2.02
In Fi
2.06
Ex Fi
+2.00
La FF
-2.03
SFF
+2.10
La FF
-2.13
SFF
1.06
Co St
3.01
M St
3.02
Pl fi
2.15
So Sh
Infill
Enclosure
Load
bearing
3.04
LCF
3.05
LCP
sub-systems
components
elements
elements
3.02
I Insu
4.06
S WD
elements
2.05
So Sh
elements
materials
1.03
An Fl
1.03
IC Fl
1.02
Co Fl
1. Indirect with additional fixing device 1,0
2. Indirect connection via independent third element 0,8
3. Indirect connection via dependent third element 0,7
4. Direct connection with additional fixing device 0,6
5. Direct connec. between two pre-made comp. 0,4
6. Indirect connection with third chemical material 0,2
7. Direct chemical connection 0,1
Type of connection
1.04
St Fi
type of connection
Examine reuse potential - Building H
1.00
CC+x
1.01
CF+x
1.02
CC+1
1.03
CF+1
2.10
top
2.15
Ex SS
2.11
Ex FF
2.12
In FF
2.14
In SS
3.01
LCF
2.08
Pa IF
2.07
Ex M
materials
components
Enclosure
Load
bearing
Infill
3.02
LCP
3.00
Pa In
2.05
Ex SS
2.02
In FF
2.01
Ex FF
2.04
In SS
2.06
Co Pa
2.00
top
2.03
Ou Fi
2.13
Ou Fi
elements
elements
materials
2.09
Ex Fi
1.00
St Co
1.01
St Be
1.05
Pr Bo
2.10
La FF
2.13
SFF
2.11
Wi Fr
2.14
Ex Fi
2.12
In Fi
2.00
La FF
2.03
SFF
2.01
Wi Fr
2.04
Ex Fi
2.02
In Fi
2.06
Ex Fi
+2.00
La FF
-2.03
SFF
+2.10
La FF
-2.13
SFF
1.06
Co St
3.01
M St
3.02
Pl fi
2.15
So Sh
Infill
Enclosure
Load
bearing
3.04
LCF
3.05
LCP
sub-systems
components
elements
elements
3.02
I Insu
el
2.05
So Sh
elements
materials
1.03
An Fl
1.03
IC Fl
1.02
Co Fl
1. Indirect with additional fixing device 1,0
2. Indirect connection via independent third element 0,8
3. Indirect connection via dependent third element 0,7
4. Direct connection with additional fixing device 0,6
5. Direct connec. between two pre-made comp. 0,4
6. Indirect connection with third chemical material 0,2
7. Direct chemical connection 0,1
Type of connection
1.04
St Fi

44. - 44 -
amount of window frames
Outside 592x
Inside 592x
total 1184x
Section 15
Examine reuse potential - Building Hs

45. - 45 -
Examine reuse potential - Building Hs
Source: Durmisevic (2010) Green design and assembly of buildings and systems
TRANSFORMATION
CAPACITY
REUSEPOTENTIAL
Durmisevic, 2006

46. - 46 -
Examine reuse potential - Building H
Enclosure 4. material/ elements/ components 0,4
structure and material levels
Assessment
1. components 1,0
2. elements/ components 0,8
3. elements 0,6
4. material/ element/ component 0,4
5. material/ element 0,2
6. material 0,1
1.00
CC+x
1.01
CF+x
1.02
CC+1
1.03
CF+1
2.10
top
2.15
Ex SS
2.11
In FF
2.12
Ex FF
2.14
In SS
3.01
LCF
2.08
Pa IF
2.07
Ex M
materials
components
Enclosure
Load
bearing
Infill
3.02
LCP
3.00
Pa In
2.05
Ex SS
2.02
In FF
2.01
Ex FF
2.04
In SS
2.06
Co Pa
2.00
top
2.03
Ou Fi
2.13
Ou Fi
elements
elements
materials
1. Pre-made geometry 1,0
2. half standardized geometry 0,5
3. Geometry made on site 0,1
Assessment
2.09
Ex Fi

47. - 47 -
Examine reuse potential - Building H
base element specification
Assessment
1. base element - intermediary between systems/compo-
nents 1,0
2. base element on two levels 0,6
3. element with two functions (base element + function)
0,4
4. no base element 0,1
System level
Enclosure 1. base element with two functions 0,4
1.00
CC+x
1.01
CF+x
1.02
CC+1
1.03
CF+1
2.10
top
2.15
Ex SS
2.11
Ex FF
2.12
In FF
2.14
In SS
3.01
LCF
2.08
Pa IF
2.07
Ex M
materials
components
Enclosure
Load
bearing
Infill
3.02
LCP
3.00
Pa In
2.05
Ex SS
2.02
In FF
2.01
Ex FF
2.04
In SS
2.06
Co Pa
2.00
top
2.03
Ou Fi
2.13
Ou Fi
elements
elements
materials
1. Pre-made geometry 1,0
2. half standardized geometry 0,5
3. Geometry made on site 0,1
Assessment
2.09
Ex Fi
Load-bearing structure
Steel window frame
Intermediar -
base element
Load-bearing
structure
Masonry
Masonry

48. - 48 -
relational pattern
building level 0,4
Assessment
1. vertical 1,0
2. horizontal in lower zone at the diagram 0,6
3. horizontal between upper and lower zone 0,4
4. horizontal in upper zone 0,1
1.01
St Be
2.10
La FF
2.13
SFF
2.11
Wi Fr
2.14
Ex Fi
2.12
In Fi
2.00
La FF
2.03
SFF
2.01
Wi Fr
2.04
Ex Fi
2.02
In Fi
2.06
Ex Fi
+2.00
La FF
-2.03
SFF
+2.10
La FF
-2.13
SFF
3.01
M St
3.02
Pl fi
2.15
So Sh
Infill
Enclosure
3.04
LCF
3.05
LCP
sub-systems
components
elements
elements
3.02
I Insu
2.05
So Sh
elements
materials
1.03
An Fl
1.03
IC Fl
1.02
Co Fl
vertical connections
horizontal connections
Type of connection
1.04
St Fi
1.00
CC+x
1.01
CF+x
1.02
CC+1
1.03
CF+1
2.10
top
2.15
Ex SS
2.11
In FF
2.12
Ex FF
2.14
In SS
3.01
LCF
2.08
Pa IF
2.07
Ex M
materials
components
Enclosure
Load
bearing
Infill
3.02
LCP
3.00
Pa In
2.05
Ex SS
2.02
In FF
2.01
Ex FF
2.04
In SS
2.06
Co Pa
2.00
top
2.03
Ou Fi
2.13
Ou Fi
elements
elements
materials
2.09
Ex Fi
Examine reuse potential - Building H

49. - 49 -
relational pattern
Assessment
1. vertical 1,0
2. horizontal in lower zone at the diagram 0,6
3. horizontal between upper and lower zone 0,4
4. horizontal in upper zone 0,1
Examine reuse potential - Building H
system level 0,6
Enclosure 2. horizontal between upper and lower zone 0,4
1.01
St Be
2.10
La FF
2.13
SFF
2.11
Wi Fr
2.14
Ex Fi
2.12
In Fi
2.00
La FF
2.03
SFF
2.01
Wi Fr
2.04
Ex Fi
2.02
In Fi
2.06
Ex Fi
+2.00
La FF
-2.03
SFF
+2.10
La FF
-2.13
SFF
3.01
M St
3.02
Pl fi
2.15
So Sh
Infill
Enclosure
3.04
LCF
3.05
LCP
sub-systems
components
elements
elements
3.02
I Insu
2.05
So Sh
elements
materials
1.03
An Fl
1.03
IC Fl
1.02
Co Fl
vertical connections
horizontal connections
Type of connection
1.04
St Fi
1.00
CC+x
1.01
CF+x
1.02
CC+1
1.03
CF+1
2.10
top
2.15
Ex SS
2.11
Ex FF
2.12
In FF
2.14
In SS
3.01
LCF
2.08
Pa IF
2.07
Ex M
materials
components
Enclosure
Load
bearing
Infill
3.02
LCP
3.00
Pa In
2.05
Ex SS
2.02
In FF
2.01
Ex FF
2.04
In SS
2.06
Co Pa
2.00
top
2.03
Ou Fi
2.13
Ou Fi
elements
elements
materials
1. Pre-made geometry 1,0
2. half standardized geometry 0,5
3. Geometry made on site 0,1
Assessment
2.09
Ex Fi

50. - 50 -
standardization of product edge
Assessment
1. pre-made geometry 1,0
2. half standardized geometry 0,5
3. geometry made on construction site 0,1
Examine reuse potential - Building H
Enclosure average 0,75
Infill
Loa
bear
elements
materials
1.03
An Fl
1
IC
1
C
1. Pre-made geometry 1,0
2. half standardized geometry 0,5
3. Geometry made on site 0,1
Assessment
1.00
CC+x
1.01
CF+x
1.02
CC+1
1.03
CF+1
2.10
top
2.15
Ex SS
2.11
Ex FF
2.12
In FF
2.14
In SS
3.01
LCF
2.08
Pa IF
2.07
Ex M
materials
components
Enclosure
Load
bearing
Infill
3.02
LCP
3.00
Pa In
2.05
Ex SS
2.02
In FF
2.01
Ex FF
2.04
In SS
2.06
Co Pa
2.00
top
2.03
Ou Fi
2.13
Ou Fi
elements
elements
materials
1. Pre-made geometry 1,0
2. half standardized geometry 0,5
3. Geometry made on site 0,1
Assessment
2.09
Ex Fi
2.09
Ex Fi

51. - 51 -
type of connection
1.00
St Co
1.01
St Be
1.05
Pr Bo
2.10
La FF
2.13
SFF
2.11
Wi Fr
2.14
Ex Fi
2.12
In Fi
2.00
La FF
2.03
SFF
2.01
Wi Fr
2.04
Ex Fi
2.02
In Fi
2.06
Ex Fi
+2.00
La FF
-2.03
SFF
+2.10
La FF
-2.13
SFF
1.06
Co St
3.01
M St
3.02
Pl fi
2.15
So Sh
Infill
Enclosure
Load
bearing
3.04
LCF
3.05
LCP
sub-systems
components
elements
elements
3.02
I Insu
4.06
S WD
elements
2.05
So Sh
elements
materials
1.03
An Fl
1.03
IC Fl
1.02
Co Fl
1. Indirect with additional fixing device 1,0
2. Indirect connection via independent third element 0,8
3. Indirect connection via dependent third element 0,7
4. Direct connection with additional fixing device 0,6
5. Direct connec. between two pre-made comp. 0,4
6. Indirect connection with third chemical material 0,2
7. Direct chemical connection 0,1
Type of connection
1.04
St Fi
Enclosure avarage 0,46
Examine reuse potential - Building H
1.00
CC+x
1.01
CF+x
1.02
CC+1
1.03
CF+1
2.10
top
2.15
Ex SS
2.11
Ex FF
2.12
In FF
2.14
In SS
3.01
LCF
2.08
Pa IF
2.07
Ex M
materials
components
Enclosure
Load
bearing
Infill
3.02
LCP
3.00
Pa In
2.05
Ex SS
2.02
In FF
2.01
Ex FF
2.04
In SS
2.06
Co Pa
2.00
top
2.03
Ou Fi
2.13
Ou Fi
elements
elements
materials
2.09
Ex Fi

52. - 52 -
Results reuse potential - Building Hs
Reuse potential average
enclosure 0,41
0,00
0,20
0,40
0,60
0,80
1. assembly direction
3. structure and
material levels
4. base element
specification
5. relational pattern
6. standardization of
product edge
7. type of connection
Enclosure

53. Re-design Re-manufacture Re-finance
Group 2 | Re-design of a
steel structure
Group 1 | Re-design of a
timber frame facade system
elop
options’
Select ‘high‘ potential
design options
Assessment on
technical, economic
and environmental
aspects
rational part
Re-design Re-manufacture Re-finanace
develope reuse scenarios
perspectives
Building Hs
smallest
configuration
largest
configuration
Group 2 | Re-design of a
steel facade frame system
Group 2 | Re-manufacturing of a
load-bearing structure incl. floor
(sub-group 1) and steel frame
facade system (sub-group 2)
Group 1 | Re-manufacturing of a
timber frame facade system
installations
Floor level
+ 2700
Group 2 | Re-finance of a
timber facade frame system
and load-bearing steel
structure
Group 1 | Re-finance of a
building by disassembly and
replacement
installations
creative part rational part
Building Hs
smallest
configuration
largest
configuration