- The document discusses prefabricated construction versus conventional construction. It analyzes replacing non-structural components like walls, windows, doors, and bathrooms with prefabricated elements in a conventional residential building case study.
- For the case study building, a work breakdown structure is created for the conventional construction method. This shows it would take 1829 days and cost Rs. 19,170,983.1.
- A work breakdown structure is then created for the building using some prefabricated elements like walls, windows, doors, and bathrooms. This is analyzed to see the impact on time and cost compared to the conventional method.
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This document compares the actual and crashed schedules of a building construction project using Microsoft Project (MSP) software. It discusses crashing the schedule by using overtime, slack time optimization, and alternative building materials and techniques to reduce the project duration from 228 days to 198 days. Crashing activities involves adding additional resources and crews to speed up durations but at increased costs. The case study examines crashing the schedule of a residential project in Bangalore, India from 8 months to a shorter duration desired by the client, analyzing time and cost optimizations possible through alternative techniques like rat trap bonding, precast plank and joist roofing system, and using polycarbonate glass.
COMPARISON BETWEEN CONVENTIONAL AND PREFABRICATED BUILDING USING PRIMAVERAIRJET Journal
This document compares the construction of conventional and prefabricated buildings using Primavera P6 software. It finds that prefabricated buildings require less time to construct but have higher costs compared to conventional buildings. The document outlines the research methodology, which includes creating a project, adding activities and a work breakdown structure in Primavera. It also allocates resources, creates a calendar and Gantt chart. The analysis estimates construction time and costs for both building types based on the Primavera project planning. It concludes that prefabricated buildings are faster to build while conventional buildings have lower costs, so the appropriate choice depends on schedule and budget.
Analyze Time-Cost Required for Conventional and Prefabricated Building Compon...IRJET Journal
This document analyzes and compares the time and costs required for conventional and prefabricated building construction methods. It finds that prefabricated construction using ready-made components can significantly reduce project duration and optimize resource usage compared to conventional construction. The document presents a case study of a housing project and analyzes the time and costs of various building components like columns, beams, slabs, etc. constructed using both methods. It concludes that while prefabrication is more time- and cost-effective for large-scale projects, conventional construction can also achieve duration and cost reductions by incorporating some prefabricated components.
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The document discusses cost control techniques for construction projects. It describes how cost control involves reducing waste, avoiding accidents, and using alternative materials to reduce costs while maintaining quality. Specifically, it discusses replacing certain materials like bricks and concrete with cheaper alternatives. It also discusses avoiding "reactive accidents" by enforcing safety protocols and "proactive accidents" through training and safety planning. The objective is to control costs for a 548-unit residential building project in India and reduce costs by 3.5% from the original budget through these techniques.
NOVEL METHODS AND MATERIALS FOR CONCRETE FLOOR SLAB CONSTRUCTION FOR SMALL FA...IRJET Journal
This document discusses novel methods and materials for concrete floor slab construction for small family housing buildings in India. It outlines several alternative construction methods that have been used successfully in other parts of the world, including precast solid concrete slabs, precast hollow-core slabs, waffle slabs, double-tee slabs, ultra-high performance concrete, and composite steel-concrete slabs. Each method is discussed in terms of advantages over traditional cast-in-place construction methods. The document concludes that these alternative methods could improve construction quality, speed up timelines, and reduce costs for single family housing in India if customized to local conditions and standards. Further research is needed to adapt these methods.
IRJET- Comparative Study of an Industrial Pre – Engineered Building with Conv...IRJET Journal
This document provides a comparative study and analysis of a pre-engineered steel building versus a conventional steel building for an industrial application. Some key points:
1. Pre-engineered buildings offer advantages such as lighter weight structures, faster construction times, standardized components, and reduced costs compared to conventional steel buildings.
2. An example industrial building of dimensions 44m x 20m was modeled and designed using Staad Pro software to analyze and compare the steel requirements between a pre-engineered steel truss roof vs a conventional steel truss roof.
3. The pre-engineered building design resulted in a 48.77% reduction in the amount of primary frame steel needed compared to the conventional design.
“PLANNING AND SCHEDULING OF MULTI STOREY BUILDING USING BIM”IRJET Journal
This document discusses planning, modeling, quantity estimation, and scheduling of a multi-storey residential building project using Building Information Modeling (BIM) software. It describes modeling a 7-storey building in Autodesk Revit including floor plans and 3D views. A work breakdown structure is created from the Revit model and a schedule is developed for the project in Primavera P6, estimating completion in December 2020. BIM is said to improve collaboration, visualization, scheduling, and quality while reducing costs and errors compared to traditional methods.
Time, Cost , Productivity and Quality Analysis of Precast BuildingsIRJET Journal
This document analyzes and compares the time, cost, quality, and productivity of precast and cast-in-place concrete construction techniques. It finds that precast construction typically takes less time, has lower costs, and higher productivity and quality compared to cast-in-place construction. Specifically, the document examines case studies that show precast construction can reduce total project duration by around 30-40% compared to cast-in-place. Costs are also usually lower for precast projects, especially larger ones, due to efficiencies of bulk production. Productivity is higher for precast since installation is faster than on-site casting. Quality is better controlled in a factory setting.
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF ACTUAL AND CRASHED SCHEDULE OF BUILDING USING MSPIRJET Journal
This document compares the actual and crashed schedules of a building construction project using Microsoft Project (MSP) software. It discusses crashing the schedule by using overtime, slack time optimization, and alternative building materials and techniques to reduce the project duration from 228 days to 198 days. Crashing activities involves adding additional resources and crews to speed up durations but at increased costs. The case study examines crashing the schedule of a residential project in Bangalore, India from 8 months to a shorter duration desired by the client, analyzing time and cost optimizations possible through alternative techniques like rat trap bonding, precast plank and joist roofing system, and using polycarbonate glass.
COMPARISON BETWEEN CONVENTIONAL AND PREFABRICATED BUILDING USING PRIMAVERAIRJET Journal
This document compares the construction of conventional and prefabricated buildings using Primavera P6 software. It finds that prefabricated buildings require less time to construct but have higher costs compared to conventional buildings. The document outlines the research methodology, which includes creating a project, adding activities and a work breakdown structure in Primavera. It also allocates resources, creates a calendar and Gantt chart. The analysis estimates construction time and costs for both building types based on the Primavera project planning. It concludes that prefabricated buildings are faster to build while conventional buildings have lower costs, so the appropriate choice depends on schedule and budget.
Analyze Time-Cost Required for Conventional and Prefabricated Building Compon...IRJET Journal
This document analyzes and compares the time and costs required for conventional and prefabricated building construction methods. It finds that prefabricated construction using ready-made components can significantly reduce project duration and optimize resource usage compared to conventional construction. The document presents a case study of a housing project and analyzes the time and costs of various building components like columns, beams, slabs, etc. constructed using both methods. It concludes that while prefabrication is more time- and cost-effective for large-scale projects, conventional construction can also achieve duration and cost reductions by incorporating some prefabricated components.
IIRJET-Cost Control Techniques for Construction ProjectIRJET Journal
The document discusses cost control techniques for construction projects. It describes how cost control involves reducing waste, avoiding accidents, and using alternative materials to reduce costs while maintaining quality. Specifically, it discusses replacing certain materials like bricks and concrete with cheaper alternatives. It also discusses avoiding "reactive accidents" by enforcing safety protocols and "proactive accidents" through training and safety planning. The objective is to control costs for a 548-unit residential building project in India and reduce costs by 3.5% from the original budget through these techniques.
NOVEL METHODS AND MATERIALS FOR CONCRETE FLOOR SLAB CONSTRUCTION FOR SMALL FA...IRJET Journal
This document discusses novel methods and materials for concrete floor slab construction for small family housing buildings in India. It outlines several alternative construction methods that have been used successfully in other parts of the world, including precast solid concrete slabs, precast hollow-core slabs, waffle slabs, double-tee slabs, ultra-high performance concrete, and composite steel-concrete slabs. Each method is discussed in terms of advantages over traditional cast-in-place construction methods. The document concludes that these alternative methods could improve construction quality, speed up timelines, and reduce costs for single family housing in India if customized to local conditions and standards. Further research is needed to adapt these methods.
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This document provides a comparative study and analysis of a pre-engineered steel building versus a conventional steel building for an industrial application. Some key points:
1. Pre-engineered buildings offer advantages such as lighter weight structures, faster construction times, standardized components, and reduced costs compared to conventional steel buildings.
2. An example industrial building of dimensions 44m x 20m was modeled and designed using Staad Pro software to analyze and compare the steel requirements between a pre-engineered steel truss roof vs a conventional steel truss roof.
3. The pre-engineered building design resulted in a 48.77% reduction in the amount of primary frame steel needed compared to the conventional design.
PLANNING AND ANALYSIS OF MULTI-SPECIALITY HOSPITAL BUILDINGIRJET Journal
This document discusses the planning and analysis of a multi-specialty hospital building in Kerala, India. It begins with an introduction to the project and objectives which are to survey the land, perform quantity surveying, and analyze the building foundation. It then describes the methodology which includes literature review, work planning, drawing reinforcements, analyzing with CSI SAFE software, surveying, excavation, reinforced concrete works, and completion. The document provides details on surveying the site, excavating for foundations, placing plain cement concrete and reinforced concrete, and completing the works. It concludes that advanced technologies help make construction works more accurate and efficient.
“ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF PRE ENGINEERED BUILDING FOR INDUSTRIAL SHED IN CHAKAN”IRJET Journal
This document summarizes the analysis and design of a pre-engineered building for an industrial shed in Chakan, India. The authors analyzed and designed the building using AutoCAD for drawings, STAAD Pro for analysis, and BO-CAD for detailing. Loads including dead, live, wind, and earthquake loads were calculated. The structural components were modeled and analyzed. Member sections were designed according to loading conditions. Detailing was performed using BO-CAD. The methodology, analysis, design, and outputs are described. The pre-engineered building design reduced construction time and cost compared to standard structures.
“Planning, Designing and Analysis of Net-Zero Residential Building with BIM I...IRJET Journal
This document discusses the planning, design, and analysis of a net-zero residential building in India. It begins with an introduction describing the need for more sustainable building practices due to increasing energy demands. The methodology section outlines the design process, which includes site analysis, master planning, building design, and comparison to a conventional building. Key aspects of the net-zero building design are harnessing solar energy through solar panels. Analysis shows that while the net-zero building has higher initial costs, it provides energy savings over a conventional building over the long term. The conclusion is that net-zero buildings can help reduce environmental impacts through efficient energy usage.
IRJET- Analysis of Constructions Productivity based on Progress Payment Certi...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a research study on construction productivity in India. The study had three parts: 1) A literature review of construction productivity issues in India. 2) A survey of contractors to understand perceptions of productivity factors. 3) Measurement of productivity on building projects. Productivity was measured using equations that calculated output per man-hour. The research found productivity varied by project and was generally low early and high when architectural work increased. It concluded that improving training, collaboration, and management could increase productivity in India's construction industry.
Analysis and Design of Commercial Building using ETABSIRJET Journal
This document summarizes the analysis and design of a G+3 commercial building using ETABS software. Soil testing was conducted on the site and the soil properties were determined. A 3D model of the building was created in ETABS with defined material properties and loads. Structural analysis was performed to determine member forces and deflections. The beams, columns, slab, and footing were then designed according to IS code provisions and reinforced detailing was generated. The results obtained from ETABS were verified through manual calculations. The software was found to save time in analysis and design compared to manual methods.
IRJET- Study on Comparison of Precast and Cast In-Situ Construction of the St...IRJET Journal
This document compares the costs, time, and repair work of precast and cast-in-situ construction methods for a G+2 residential building with 1602 units in India. It finds that the initial cost of precast construction is higher due to higher skilled labor costs in India. However, precast construction saves 40-50% of time compared to cast-in-situ. While cast-in-situ has lower maintenance costs initially, precast has lower repair costs after 15-20 years and can be 50% recyclable. Overall, precast construction provides better quality control, reduces construction waste and noise, and requires less on-site labor than cast-in-situ.
Construction Management Techniques to Complete the Project within Time Period...IRJET Journal
This document discusses construction management techniques used to complete a residential building project in Pune, India on time and within budget. It analyzes the use of aluminum formwork (MIVAN) technique compared to traditional construction methods. Data was collected through site visits and interviews about the Pride World City project. The project used MIVAN formwork construction for some buildings and traditional techniques for others. Key construction management strategies discussed include work breakdown structure, Microsoft Project planning, time management with Gantt charts, and material and cost control. The document aims to evaluate which techniques best help complete projects on schedule and cost while maintaining quality.
IRJET- An Investigation of Maintenance Management of Construction Equipment f...IRJET Journal
This document discusses research into improving construction equipment management practices to increase productivity on multistory building projects.
In Phase I, interviews were conducted with 19 experts involved in multistory building projects. Their responses were analyzed to identify equipment management practices that could improve productivity.
In Phase II, data was collected via questionnaires from principal contractors on 39 projects. The goal was to investigate maintenance management of construction equipment and minimize downtime from breakdowns. Regular preventive maintenance was found to reduce breakdowns and losses compared to traditional reactive maintenance approaches. Proper equipment maintenance is important for maximizing availability and smooth production.
1) The document discusses U-Boot technology, which involves casting concrete blocks with hollow spaces that can reduce material consumption and costs in construction.
2) Students conducted a study comparing the compressive and flexural strength of standard concrete blocks to those made with U-Boot technology and fiber-reinforced concrete.
3) Testing found that the U-Boot and fiber-reinforced blocks had significantly higher strength compared to standard blocks, demonstrating the benefits of this technology for construction applications.
IRJET- Review Paper on Comparative Study of an Industrial Pre – Engineered Bu...IRJET Journal
1. The document presents a comparative study and design of a conventional steel building with concrete or steel columns versus a pre-engineered building (PEB).
2. PEBs offer advantages over conventional buildings like reduced time, cost, and weight through efficient use of tapered steel sections and prefabrication.
3. Key components of PEBs include main framing, end wall framing, purlins, girts, sheeting, and cranes. Common applications are industrial, institutional, agricultural, and aviation buildings.
IRJET- Adoption of Pre-Fabricated Bathroom Units by Real Estate DevelopersIRJET Journal
This document discusses prefabricated bathroom units (PBUs) and their adoption by real estate developers in India. Some key points:
- PBUs can increase labor and time savings in construction by about 60% depending on design and materials used. There are two main types of PBUs: concrete base/walls or fiber reinforced walls and floors.
- A survey found 46.3% of respondents agreed to using PBUs, while 50% were hesitant and 3.7% disagreed. This indicates potential for PBU market growth.
- Pricing PBUs between 50,000-100,000 rupees would be advisable according to typical bathroom construction costs. Changes
P.E.B. Framed Structure Design and Analysis Using STAAD ProIRJET Journal
This document discusses the design and analysis of pre-engineered building (PEB) framed structures using STAAD Pro software. It provides an overview of PEBs, including that they are designed off-site with building trusses and beams produced in a factory. STAAD Pro is identified as a key tool for modeling, analyzing, and designing PEBs to ensure their performance and safety under various load scenarios. The document outlines modeling structural parts in STAAD Pro, evaluating structural reactions, assigning loads, and following international design codes and standards. In summary, STAAD Pro is used to design and analyze PEB framed structures to ensure safety and code compliance.
IRJET- Analysis of Modular Housing Technique Perception and Identification it...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a research paper that analyzed the modular housing technique and identified impediments to its use. It began with an abstract that described the research objectives of identifying the current use of modular techniques, stakeholders' perceptions of benefits and barriers, and investigating impediments. It then reviewed literature on modular housing and prefabricated construction. The methodology section described the survey approach used to collect stakeholder perceptions. Key findings included that modular construction can reduce environmental impacts, costs, and schedule while improving quality, but high design and transportation costs are barriers. In conclusion, modular techniques show potential if modernized and introduced on a larger scale for more sustainable construction.
Analysis and Design of a Commercial BuildingIRJET Journal
This document summarizes the analysis and design of a commercial building with G+4 floors in Bangalore, India. A team of 5 civil engineering students from JSS Academy of Technical Education planned, modeled, analyzed, and designed the building according to National Building Code standards. They used AutoCAD to plan the building layout and ETABS software to model and analyze the building structurally. Key elements of the building like slabs, beams, columns, footings, and staircases were then designed according to Indian codes like IS 456 and SP 16. The analysis showed all structural members were safe and the building was designed to withstand expected loads and natural hazards.
A Framework to optimize Construction Site Layout PlanningIRJET Journal
The document presents a framework for optimizing construction site layout planning. It aims to identify issues caused by improper site layout and develop an optimization model. The framework involves collecting project/site data, identifying required facilities, grouping facilities, determining sizes and distances, generating layout plans, and using checklists to evaluate plans. A case study showed the framework found better solutions that reduced travel costs by 30% compared to the original layout. The document concludes current practices often overlook site planning, leading to inefficiency and higher costs, and the framework can help improve planning.
This document discusses Mivan formwork, which is an aluminum formwork system used in construction. Some key points:
- Mivan formwork was developed by a European construction company in 1990 and is now commonly used worldwide due to advantages like faster construction speed.
- It allows constructing large numbers of houses quickly by using room-sized forms to construct walls and slabs in a single concrete pour.
- Major projects in India like towers in Mumbai have used Mivan formwork. However, traditional wooden formwork is still used in some areas.
- The document reviews past research on Mivan formwork and its benefits over traditional methods like reduced time and costs for repetitive construction jobs.
IRJET- Comparative Study of Multi-Storey Multi-Span G+4 Building by PEB and C...IRJET Journal
This document presents a comparative study of the design of a G+4 commercial building using pre-engineered building (PEB) and conventional steel building (CSB) concepts. The building is located in Pune, India and has dimensions of 140m length, 40m width, and 18m eave height. Both designs are analyzed using STAAD Pro software according to Indian design code IS 800-2007. Key findings from the PEB and CSB designs are compared regarding structural configuration, load assumptions, analysis methodology, and design limitations. The PEB concept is found to utilize tapered steel sections tailored to loading requirements, avoiding excess steel. In contrast, the CSB concept uses uniform hot-rolled sections fabricated on
Opportunities and Challenges of Modular Coordination: A ReviewIRJET Journal
This document reviews the opportunities and challenges of modular coordination in the construction industry. Some key opportunities include reducing project timelines, improving cost effectiveness, increasing safety, and reducing waste. However, modular coordination also faces challenges such as requiring accurate up-front planning, transportation difficulties, negative public perceptions, and high initial costs. The document also examines two case studies on modular prefabrication, finding that modular construction can significantly reduce project timelines but may increase costs. Improving dimensional quality standards through benchmarking can help reduce issues in modular projects.
Research study on Optimization of Cost and Duration with Line of Balance by U...IRJET Journal
This document discusses research on optimizing the cost and duration of construction projects using Line of Balance (LOB) planning and scheduling with Microsoft Project (MSP) and Primavera. It analyzes a case study of a housing project constructed using traditional formwork and MIVAN formwork technology. The results found that MIVAN technology could significantly reduce project duration in both MSP and Primavera scheduling. Specifically, using MIVAN reduced the project duration from 992 days conventionally to 476 days in MSP and 394 days in Primavera. While the initial investment in MIVAN was higher, it proved more cost-effective overall and delivered projects faster by enabling a 4-day cycle per
TUNNELING IN HIMALAYAS WITH NATM METHOD: A SPECIAL REFERENCES TO SUNGAL TUNNE...IRJET Journal
1) The document discusses the Sungal Tunnel project in Jammu and Kashmir, India, which is being constructed using the New Austrian Tunneling Method (NATM).
2) NATM involves continuous monitoring during construction to adapt to changing ground conditions, and makes extensive use of shotcrete for temporary tunnel support.
3) The methodology section outlines the systematic geotechnical design process for tunnels according to Austrian guidelines, and describes the various steps of NATM tunnel construction including initial and secondary tunnel support.
STUDY THE EFFECT OF RESPONSE REDUCTION FACTOR ON RC FRAMED STRUCTUREIRJET Journal
This study examines the effect of response reduction factors (R factors) on reinforced concrete (RC) framed structures through nonlinear dynamic analysis. Three RC frame models with varying heights (4, 8, and 12 stories) were analyzed in ETABS software under different R factors ranging from 1 to 5. The results showed that displacement increased as the R factor decreased, indicating less linear behavior for lower R factors. Drift also decreased proportionally with increasing R factors from 1 to 5. Shear forces in the frames decreased with higher R factors. In general, R factors of 3 to 5 produced more satisfactory performance with less displacement and drift. The displacement variations between different building heights were consistent at different R factors. This study evaluated how R factors influence
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- Major projects in India like towers in Mumbai have used Mivan formwork. However, traditional wooden formwork is still used in some areas.
- The document reviews past research on Mivan formwork and its benefits over traditional methods like reduced time and costs for repetitive construction jobs.
IRJET- Comparative Study of Multi-Storey Multi-Span G+4 Building by PEB and C...IRJET Journal
This document presents a comparative study of the design of a G+4 commercial building using pre-engineered building (PEB) and conventional steel building (CSB) concepts. The building is located in Pune, India and has dimensions of 140m length, 40m width, and 18m eave height. Both designs are analyzed using STAAD Pro software according to Indian design code IS 800-2007. Key findings from the PEB and CSB designs are compared regarding structural configuration, load assumptions, analysis methodology, and design limitations. The PEB concept is found to utilize tapered steel sections tailored to loading requirements, avoiding excess steel. In contrast, the CSB concept uses uniform hot-rolled sections fabricated on
Opportunities and Challenges of Modular Coordination: A ReviewIRJET Journal
This document reviews the opportunities and challenges of modular coordination in the construction industry. Some key opportunities include reducing project timelines, improving cost effectiveness, increasing safety, and reducing waste. However, modular coordination also faces challenges such as requiring accurate up-front planning, transportation difficulties, negative public perceptions, and high initial costs. The document also examines two case studies on modular prefabrication, finding that modular construction can significantly reduce project timelines but may increase costs. Improving dimensional quality standards through benchmarking can help reduce issues in modular projects.
Research study on Optimization of Cost and Duration with Line of Balance by U...IRJET Journal
This document discusses research on optimizing the cost and duration of construction projects using Line of Balance (LOB) planning and scheduling with Microsoft Project (MSP) and Primavera. It analyzes a case study of a housing project constructed using traditional formwork and MIVAN formwork technology. The results found that MIVAN technology could significantly reduce project duration in both MSP and Primavera scheduling. Specifically, using MIVAN reduced the project duration from 992 days conventionally to 476 days in MSP and 394 days in Primavera. While the initial investment in MIVAN was higher, it proved more cost-effective overall and delivered projects faster by enabling a 4-day cycle per
Similar to Analysis of Prefabricational Construction And Conventional Construction (20)
TUNNELING IN HIMALAYAS WITH NATM METHOD: A SPECIAL REFERENCES TO SUNGAL TUNNE...IRJET Journal
1) The document discusses the Sungal Tunnel project in Jammu and Kashmir, India, which is being constructed using the New Austrian Tunneling Method (NATM).
2) NATM involves continuous monitoring during construction to adapt to changing ground conditions, and makes extensive use of shotcrete for temporary tunnel support.
3) The methodology section outlines the systematic geotechnical design process for tunnels according to Austrian guidelines, and describes the various steps of NATM tunnel construction including initial and secondary tunnel support.
STUDY THE EFFECT OF RESPONSE REDUCTION FACTOR ON RC FRAMED STRUCTUREIRJET Journal
This study examines the effect of response reduction factors (R factors) on reinforced concrete (RC) framed structures through nonlinear dynamic analysis. Three RC frame models with varying heights (4, 8, and 12 stories) were analyzed in ETABS software under different R factors ranging from 1 to 5. The results showed that displacement increased as the R factor decreased, indicating less linear behavior for lower R factors. Drift also decreased proportionally with increasing R factors from 1 to 5. Shear forces in the frames decreased with higher R factors. In general, R factors of 3 to 5 produced more satisfactory performance with less displacement and drift. The displacement variations between different building heights were consistent at different R factors. This study evaluated how R factors influence
A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF RCC ELEMENT OF SLAB WITH STARK STEEL (HYSD STEEL) A...IRJET Journal
This study compares the use of Stark Steel and TMT Steel as reinforcement materials in a two-way reinforced concrete slab. Mechanical testing is conducted to determine the tensile strength, yield strength, and other properties of each material. A two-way slab design adhering to codes and standards is executed with both materials. The performance is analyzed in terms of deflection, stability under loads, and displacement. Cost analyses accounting for material, durability, maintenance, and life cycle costs are also conducted. The findings provide insights into the economic and structural implications of each material for reinforcement selection and recommendations on the most suitable material based on the analysis.
Effect of Camber and Angles of Attack on Airfoil CharacteristicsIRJET Journal
This document discusses a study analyzing the effect of camber, position of camber, and angle of attack on the aerodynamic characteristics of airfoils. Sixteen modified asymmetric NACA airfoils were analyzed using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) by varying the camber, camber position, and angle of attack. The results showed the relationship between these parameters and the lift coefficient, drag coefficient, and lift to drag ratio. This provides insight into how changes in airfoil geometry impact aerodynamic performance.
A Review on the Progress and Challenges of Aluminum-Based Metal Matrix Compos...IRJET Journal
This document reviews the progress and challenges of aluminum-based metal matrix composites (MMCs), focusing on their fabrication processes and applications. It discusses how various aluminum MMCs have been developed using reinforcements like borides, carbides, oxides, and nitrides to improve mechanical and wear properties. These composites have gained prominence for their lightweight, high-strength and corrosion resistance properties. The document also examines recent advancements in fabrication techniques for aluminum MMCs and their growing applications in industries such as aerospace and automotive. However, it notes that challenges remain around issues like improper mixing of reinforcements and reducing reinforcement agglomeration.
Dynamic Urban Transit Optimization: A Graph Neural Network Approach for Real-...IRJET Journal
This document discusses research on using graph neural networks (GNNs) for dynamic optimization of public transportation networks in real-time. GNNs represent transit networks as graphs with nodes as stops and edges as connections. The GNN model aims to optimize networks using real-time data on vehicle locations, arrival times, and passenger loads. This helps increase mobility, decrease traffic, and improve efficiency. The system continuously trains and infers to adapt to changing transit conditions, providing decision support tools. While research has focused on performance, more work is needed on security, socio-economic impacts, contextual generalization of models, continuous learning approaches, and effective real-time visualization.
Structural Analysis and Design of Multi-Storey Symmetric and Asymmetric Shape...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a research project that aims to compare the structural performance of conventional slab and grid slab systems in multi-story buildings using ETABS software. The study will analyze both symmetric and asymmetric building models under various loading conditions. Parameters like deflections, moments, shears, and stresses will be examined to evaluate the structural effectiveness of each slab type. The results will provide insights into the comparative behavior of conventional and grid slabs to help engineers and architects select appropriate slab systems based on building layouts and design requirements.
A Review of “Seismic Response of RC Structures Having Plan and Vertical Irreg...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes and reviews a research paper on the seismic response of reinforced concrete (RC) structures with plan and vertical irregularities, with and without infill walls. It discusses how infill walls can improve or reduce the seismic performance of RC buildings, depending on factors like wall layout, height distribution, connection to the frame, and relative stiffness of walls and frames. The reviewed research paper analyzes the behavior of infill walls, effects of vertical irregularities, and seismic performance of high-rise structures under linear static and dynamic analysis. It studies response characteristics like story drift, deflection and shear. The document also provides literature on similar research investigating the effects of infill walls, soft stories, plan irregularities, and different
This document provides a review of machine learning techniques used in Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS). It begins with an abstract that summarizes key applications of machine learning in ADAS, including object detection, recognition, and decision-making. The introduction discusses the integration of machine learning in ADAS and how it is transforming vehicle safety. The literature review then examines several research papers on topics like lightweight deep learning models for object detection and lane detection models using image processing. It concludes by discussing challenges and opportunities in the field, such as improving algorithm robustness and adaptability.
Long Term Trend Analysis of Precipitation and Temperature for Asosa district,...IRJET Journal
The document analyzes temperature and precipitation trends in Asosa District, Benishangul Gumuz Region, Ethiopia from 1993 to 2022 based on data from the local meteorological station. The results show:
1) The average maximum and minimum annual temperatures have generally decreased over time, with maximum temperatures decreasing by a factor of -0.0341 and minimum by -0.0152.
2) Mann-Kendall tests found the decreasing temperature trends to be statistically significant for annual maximum temperatures but not for annual minimum temperatures.
3) Annual precipitation in Asosa District showed a statistically significant increasing trend.
The conclusions recommend development planners account for rising summer precipitation and declining temperatures in
A Review on Innovative Fiber Integration for Enhanced Reinforcement of Concre...IRJET Journal
This document provides a review of research on innovative fiber integration methods for reinforcing concrete structures. It discusses studies that have explored using carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites with recycled plastic aggregates to develop more sustainable strengthening techniques. It also examines using ultra-high performance fiber reinforced concrete to improve shear strength in beams. Additional topics covered include the dynamic responses of FRP-strengthened beams under static and impact loads, and the performance of preloaded CFRP-strengthened fiber reinforced concrete beams. The review highlights the potential of fiber composites to enable more sustainable and resilient construction practices.
Survey Paper on Cloud-Based Secured Healthcare SystemIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a survey on securing patient healthcare data in cloud-based systems. It discusses using technologies like facial recognition, smart cards, and cloud computing combined with strong encryption to securely store patient data. The survey found that healthcare professionals believe digitizing patient records and storing them in a centralized cloud system would improve access during emergencies and enable more efficient care compared to paper-based systems. However, ensuring privacy and security of patient data is paramount as healthcare incorporates these digital technologies.
Review on studies and research on widening of existing concrete bridgesIRJET Journal
This document summarizes several studies that have been conducted on widening existing concrete bridges. It describes a study from China that examined load distribution factors for a bridge widened with composite steel-concrete girders. It also outlines challenges and solutions for widening a bridge in the UAE, including replacing bearings and stitching the new and existing structures. Additionally, it discusses two bridge widening projects in New Zealand that involved adding precast beams and stitching to connect structures. Finally, safety measures and challenges for strengthening a historic bridge in Switzerland under live traffic are presented.
React based fullstack edtech web applicationIRJET Journal
The document describes the architecture of an educational technology web application built using the MERN stack. It discusses the frontend developed with ReactJS, backend with NodeJS and ExpressJS, and MongoDB database. The frontend provides dynamic user interfaces, while the backend offers APIs for authentication, course management, and other functions. MongoDB enables flexible data storage. The architecture aims to provide a scalable, responsive platform for online learning.
A Comprehensive Review of Integrating IoT and Blockchain Technologies in the ...IRJET Journal
This paper proposes integrating Internet of Things (IoT) and blockchain technologies to help implement objectives of India's National Education Policy (NEP) in the education sector. The paper discusses how blockchain could be used for secure student data management, credential verification, and decentralized learning platforms. IoT devices could create smart classrooms, automate attendance tracking, and enable real-time monitoring. Blockchain would ensure integrity of exam processes and resource allocation, while smart contracts automate agreements. The paper argues this integration has potential to revolutionize education by making it more secure, transparent and efficient, in alignment with NEP goals. However, challenges like infrastructure needs, data privacy, and collaborative efforts are also discussed.
A REVIEW ON THE PERFORMANCE OF COCONUT FIBRE REINFORCED CONCRETE.IRJET Journal
This document provides a review of research on the performance of coconut fibre reinforced concrete. It summarizes several studies that tested different volume fractions and lengths of coconut fibres in concrete mixtures with varying compressive strengths. The studies found that coconut fibre improved properties like tensile strength, toughness, crack resistance, and spalling resistance compared to plain concrete. Volume fractions of 2-5% and fibre lengths of 20-50mm produced the best results. The document concludes that using a 4-5% volume fraction of coconut fibres 30-40mm in length with M30-M60 grade concrete would provide benefits based on previous research.
Optimizing Business Management Process Workflows: The Dynamic Influence of Mi...IRJET Journal
The document discusses optimizing business management processes through automation using Microsoft Power Automate and artificial intelligence. It provides an overview of Power Automate's key components and features for automating workflows across various apps and services. The document then presents several scenarios applying automation solutions to common business processes like data entry, monitoring, HR, finance, customer support, and more. It estimates the potential time and cost savings from implementing automation for each scenario. Finally, the conclusion emphasizes the transformative impact of AI and automation tools on business processes and the need for ongoing optimization.
Multistoried and Multi Bay Steel Building Frame by using Seismic DesignIRJET Journal
The document describes the seismic design of a G+5 steel building frame located in Roorkee, India according to Indian codes IS 1893-2002 and IS 800. The frame was analyzed using the equivalent static load method and response spectrum method, and its response in terms of displacements and shear forces were compared. Based on the analysis, the frame was designed as a seismic-resistant steel structure according to IS 800:2007. The software STAAD Pro was used for the analysis and design.
Cost Optimization of Construction Using Plastic Waste as a Sustainable Constr...IRJET Journal
This research paper explores using plastic waste as a sustainable and cost-effective construction material. The study focuses on manufacturing pavers and bricks using recycled plastic and partially replacing concrete with plastic alternatives. Initial results found that pavers and bricks made from recycled plastic demonstrate comparable strength and durability to traditional materials while providing environmental and cost benefits. Additionally, preliminary research indicates incorporating plastic waste as a partial concrete replacement significantly reduces construction costs without compromising structural integrity. The outcomes suggest adopting plastic waste in construction can address plastic pollution while optimizing costs, promoting more sustainable building practices.
Solving Linear Differential Equations with Constant CoefficientsIRJET Journal
1) The document discusses methods for finding the solutions to linear differential equations with constant coefficients. It defines such an equation and explains that the complete solution is the combination of the complementary function (C.F.) and particular integral (P.I.).
2) Various methods are presented for determining the C.F. depending on whether the roots of the auxiliary equation are real, imaginary, repeated, etc.
3) Rules are provided for obtaining the P.I. based on the type of function involved (exponential, trigonometric, power, etc.). Examples are worked through to demonstrate the full solution process.
KuberTENes Birthday Bash Guadalajara - K8sGPT first impressionsVictor Morales
K8sGPT is a tool that analyzes and diagnoses Kubernetes clusters. This presentation was used to share the requirements and dependencies to deploy K8sGPT in a local environment.
UNLOCKING HEALTHCARE 4.0: NAVIGATING CRITICAL SUCCESS FACTORS FOR EFFECTIVE I...amsjournal
The Fourth Industrial Revolution is transforming industries, including healthcare, by integrating digital,
physical, and biological technologies. This study examines the integration of 4.0 technologies into
healthcare, identifying success factors and challenges through interviews with 70 stakeholders from 33
countries. Healthcare is evolving significantly, with varied objectives across nations aiming to improve
population health. The study explores stakeholders' perceptions on critical success factors, identifying
challenges such as insufficiently trained personnel, organizational silos, and structural barriers to data
exchange. Facilitators for integration include cost reduction initiatives and interoperability policies.
Technologies like IoT, Big Data, AI, Machine Learning, and robotics enhance diagnostics, treatment
precision, and real-time monitoring, reducing errors and optimizing resource utilization. Automation
improves employee satisfaction and patient care, while Blockchain and telemedicine drive cost reductions.
Successful integration requires skilled professionals and supportive policies, promising efficient resource
use, lower error rates, and accelerated processes, leading to optimized global healthcare outcomes.
Literature Review Basics and Understanding Reference Management.pptxDr Ramhari Poudyal
Three-day training on academic research focuses on analytical tools at United Technical College, supported by the University Grant Commission, Nepal. 24-26 May 2024
Harnessing WebAssembly for Real-time Stateless Streaming PipelinesChristina Lin
Traditionally, dealing with real-time data pipelines has involved significant overhead, even for straightforward tasks like data transformation or masking. However, in this talk, we’ll venture into the dynamic realm of WebAssembly (WASM) and discover how it can revolutionize the creation of stateless streaming pipelines within a Kafka (Redpanda) broker. These pipelines are adept at managing low-latency, high-data-volume scenarios.
Embedded machine learning-based road conditions and driving behavior monitoringIJECEIAES
Car accident rates have increased in recent years, resulting in losses in human lives, properties, and other financial costs. An embedded machine learning-based system is developed to address this critical issue. The system can monitor road conditions, detect driving patterns, and identify aggressive driving behaviors. The system is based on neural networks trained on a comprehensive dataset of driving events, driving styles, and road conditions. The system effectively detects potential risks and helps mitigate the frequency and impact of accidents. The primary goal is to ensure the safety of drivers and vehicles. Collecting data involved gathering information on three key road events: normal street and normal drive, speed bumps, circular yellow speed bumps, and three aggressive driving actions: sudden start, sudden stop, and sudden entry. The gathered data is processed and analyzed using a machine learning system designed for limited power and memory devices. The developed system resulted in 91.9% accuracy, 93.6% precision, and 92% recall. The achieved inference time on an Arduino Nano 33 BLE Sense with a 32-bit CPU running at 64 MHz is 34 ms and requires 2.6 kB peak RAM and 139.9 kB program flash memory, making it suitable for resource-constrained embedded systems.
ACEP Magazine edition 4th launched on 05.06.2024Rahul
This document provides information about the third edition of the magazine "Sthapatya" published by the Association of Civil Engineers (Practicing) Aurangabad. It includes messages from current and past presidents of ACEP, memories and photos from past ACEP events, information on life time achievement awards given by ACEP, and a technical article on concrete maintenance, repairs and strengthening. The document highlights activities of ACEP and provides a technical educational article for members.
Electric vehicle and photovoltaic advanced roles in enhancing the financial p...IJECEIAES
Climate change's impact on the planet forced the United Nations and governments to promote green energies and electric transportation. The deployments of photovoltaic (PV) and electric vehicle (EV) systems gained stronger momentum due to their numerous advantages over fossil fuel types. The advantages go beyond sustainability to reach financial support and stability. The work in this paper introduces the hybrid system between PV and EV to support industrial and commercial plants. This paper covers the theoretical framework of the proposed hybrid system including the required equation to complete the cost analysis when PV and EV are present. In addition, the proposed design diagram which sets the priorities and requirements of the system is presented. The proposed approach allows setup to advance their power stability, especially during power outages. The presented information supports researchers and plant owners to complete the necessary analysis while promoting the deployment of clean energy. The result of a case study that represents a dairy milk farmer supports the theoretical works and highlights its advanced benefits to existing plants. The short return on investment of the proposed approach supports the paper's novelty approach for the sustainable electrical system. In addition, the proposed system allows for an isolated power setup without the need for a transmission line which enhances the safety of the electrical network
Batteries -Introduction – Types of Batteries – discharging and charging of battery - characteristics of battery –battery rating- various tests on battery- – Primary battery: silver button cell- Secondary battery :Ni-Cd battery-modern battery: lithium ion battery-maintenance of batteries-choices of batteries for electric vehicle applications.
Fuel Cells: Introduction- importance and classification of fuel cells - description, principle, components, applications of fuel cells: H2-O2 fuel cell, alkaline fuel cell, molten carbonate fuel cell and direct methanol fuel cells.